任何情況下,對(duì)藥物過(guò)敏必須停用該藥。他汀也不例外。 ■ 1.如果是單純血脂升高,血脂恢復(fù)正常后,可以試著停藥,但必須復(fù)查血脂,3個(gè)月后復(fù)查血脂,通過(guò)健康飲食、堅(jiān)持運(yùn)動(dòng)等健康生活前提下,如果停藥后LDL-C能夠維持在3.4 mmol/L以下,則無(wú)需繼續(xù)服用他汀。 ■ 1.血脂正常,停藥后,血脂再次升高:如果停用他汀后,膽固醇過(guò)了幾個(gè)月又再次升高,說(shuō)明不能停藥。停藥后,一部分的LDL-C會(huì)再次升高,這部分患者需要長(zhǎng)期服用他汀,尤其是遺傳性導(dǎo)致的家族性高膽固醇血癥(FH)患者,因?yàn)樽陨泶x出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題。 對(duì)于明確心腦血管疾病,如冠心病、心絞痛、心肌梗死、心臟支架植入術(shù)后、心臟搭橋術(shù)后、嚴(yán)重頸動(dòng)脈狹窄、腦梗死等的ASCVD患者,他汀有兩個(gè)作用:1)降低LDL-C,從而預(yù)防和控制心腦血管疾??;2)抗炎穩(wěn)定斑塊,預(yù)防血管斑塊加重、血管缺血、斑塊破裂、血栓、心肌梗死、腦梗死等。 [1]中國(guó)成人血脂異常防治指南修訂聯(lián)合委員會(huì).中國(guó)成人血脂異常防治指南(2016年修訂版)[J].中華心血管病雜志,2016,44(10):833-853. [2]中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)心血管病學(xué)分會(huì)動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化與冠心病學(xué)組,中華心血管病雜志編輯委員會(huì).超高危動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化性心血管疾病患者血脂管理中國(guó)專家共識(shí)[J].中華心血管病雜志,2020,48(4):280-286. [3]葉平,王曉娜.從百年膽固醇學(xué)說(shuō)到新型降脂藥物[J].中國(guó)循環(huán)雜志,2016,31(1):1-3. [4]Martin B?dtker Mortensen,et al.Elevated LDL cholesterol and increased risk of myocardial infarction and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in individuals aged 70–100 years:a contemporary primary prevention cohort.Lancet,November 10,2020. [5]Baris Gencer,et al.Efficacy and safety of lowering LDL cholesterol in older patients:a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Lancet,November 10,2020. [6]葉平.關(guān)注超高危ASCVD患者LDL-C達(dá)標(biāo)降脂藥物聯(lián)合應(yīng)用是大勢(shì)所趨[J].中華心血管 [7]中國(guó)膽固醇教育計(jì)劃(CCEP)工作委員會(huì),中國(guó)醫(yī)療保健國(guó)際交流促進(jìn)會(huì)動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化血栓疾病防治分會(huì),中國(guó)老年學(xué)和老年醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)心血管病分會(huì),中國(guó)醫(yī)師協(xié)會(huì)心血管內(nèi)科醫(yī)師分會(huì)動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化專業(yè)委員會(huì).中國(guó)膽固醇教育計(jì)劃調(diào)脂治療降低心血管事件專家建議(2019)[J].中華內(nèi)科雜志,2020,59(1):18-22. [8]Stephen J. Nicholls; JAMA. 2007; 297(5): 499-508. [9]Nissen SE, et al. JAMA. 2004; 291: 1071-1080. [10]他汀類藥物安全性評(píng)價(jià)工作組.他汀類藥物安全性評(píng)價(jià)專家共識(shí)[J].中華心血管病雜志,2014,42(11):890-894. [11]趙水平.中國(guó)他汀安全性評(píng)價(jià)專家共識(shí)重點(diǎn)解析[J].浙江醫(yī)學(xué),2014,(24):1971-1972. [12]2018AHA/ACC/AACVPR/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation [13]Mach F, Baigent C, Catapano AL, et al. 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk. Eur Heart J, 2020, 41(1): 111-188. [14]Chaoran Ma, M. Edip Gurol, Zhe Huang, et al.(2019). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and risk of intracerebral hemorrhage Neurology, 10.1212/WNL.0000000000007853 [15]Low LDL Cholesterol and Hemorrhagic Stroke. Retrieved July 3, 2019, from https://www./neurology/strokes/80827 [16]Cholesterol that is too low may boost risk for hemorrhagic stroke. Retrieved July 3, 2019, from https:///news/2019-07-cholesterol-boost-hemorrhagic.html [17]Maki KC, Ridker PM, Brown WV, Grundy SM, Sattar N, The Diabetes Subpanel of the National Lipid Association Expert Panel. An assessment by the Statin Diabetes Safety Task Force: 2014 update. J Clin Lipidol. 2014 May-Jun;8(3 Suppl):S17-29. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2014.02.012. PMID: 24793439. 本文作者:張?jiān)剖?/div>
|
|