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噔噔，又到了每個(gè)月藍(lán)盾安檢工作室的干貨大放送時(shí)間啦!MARPOL附則V 2016年修正案將于2018年3月1日生效，小編整理了近幾年P(guān)SC檢查情況，結(jié)合該修正案相關(guān)要求，提出了相關(guān)建議。在本期推送中，藍(lán)盾安檢工作室首次推出了中英文對(duì)照版。希望本期推送的內(nèi)容對(duì)廣大航運(yùn)公司和船舶在處置船上垃圾以及應(yīng)對(duì)PSC檢查方面有所幫助。 It’s time of Blue Shield Studio again~The 2016 Amendment of MARPOL Annex V will soon go into effect on March 1,2018. Analyzing the statistics of PSC inspections in recent years, and combining the new requirements of the Amendment, we made these materials. It's the first time for our studio to make wechat push of English version. We sincerely hope that will be useful for shipping companies and seafarers to handle garbage onboard properly and deal with the PSC inspection effectively. Let’s get to the open part-the PSC case~  2018年1月10日，洋山港海事局PSC檢查官對(duì)靠泊在尚東碼頭的某集裝箱船舶“SHAHR ***”輪進(jìn)行PSC檢查。船舶相關(guān)信息如下： The PSCOs of Yangshan MSA carried out an inspection of the container ship named “SHAHR ***” which was alongside Shangdong terminal on January 10, 2018. The relevant information of the ship were as follows:  Name of ship: SHAHR *** Type of ship: container ship Gross tonnage: 23289 Year keel laid: 30-05-2013 檢查該輪垃圾記錄簿時(shí)，PSC檢查官發(fā)現(xiàn)該輪于2018年1月7日1800時(shí)在我國(guó)內(nèi)水直接排放食品垃圾（排放點(diǎn)30o28′N(xiāo)，122o42′E）。PSC檢查官隨即核對(duì)該輪航海日志，并要求該輪駕駛員進(jìn)行海圖作業(yè)。經(jīng)定位，該排放點(diǎn)位于我國(guó)內(nèi)水范圍以內(nèi)。檢查結(jié)束后，連同設(shè)備維護(hù)保養(yǎng)、船員操作、安全管理體系等其它10項(xiàng)缺陷，該輪被滯留，同時(shí)，該輪還將面臨接受罰款的行政處罰。 When checking the Garbage Record book on board, PSCOs found that the ship discharged food waste in Chinese internal water at 6.pm on January 7,2018(the discharge position: 30o28′N(xiāo)，122o42′E).The PSCOs checked the records of the logbook and asked some officer of the ship to locate the discharge position on the chart. It proved that the ship had discharged garbages in the internal water of China. Finally, the ship was detained due to illegal food waste discharge and other 10 deficiencies, relating to equipment maintenance, crew operation and Safety Management System. Furthermore, the ship will be imposed the administrative penalty.  >>>Main part 1 關(guān)于MARPOL附則V 的PSC檢查情況 The results of PSC inspections under MARPOL Annex V PSC檢查中，垃圾記錄簿的記錄和垃圾收集、處置是檢查的重點(diǎn)。根據(jù)東京備忘錄2016年港口國(guó)監(jiān)督年報(bào)，2014-2016年，關(guān)于MARPOL附則V的缺陷數(shù)量低于附則I，與附則IV基本相當(dāng)。巴黎備忘錄區(qū)情況相似。   DuringPSC inspections, PSCOs always attach much importance to the records of GarbageRecord Book, the collection and the processing of the garbage. The PSC annual report 2016 Tokyo MOU showed the number ofdeficiencies under Annex V of MARPOL roughly was same as that under Annex IV,and was less than that under Annex I .The situations in Paris MOU are similar. 具體到缺陷的性質(zhì)和數(shù)量，2014-2016年，東京備忘錄區(qū)域內(nèi)，“Garbage”項(xiàng)的缺陷數(shù)量最多，其次是垃圾記錄簿和垃圾管理計(jì)劃；附則V的缺陷總數(shù)雖然呈下降趨勢(shì)，但滯留缺陷數(shù)量卻呈上升趨勢(shì)。 As for the nature and quantity of the deficiencies,the top one was the 'garbage', followed by the “Garbage Record Book(GRB)” and the “Garbage Management Plan”(GMP), from 2014 to 2016 in Tokyo Mou. Besides, the total number of the deficiencies related to the Annex V was decreasing while the number of the detainable deficiencies was increasing.    2 MARPOL附則V 2016年修正案 The 2016 Amendment to MARPOL Annex V 修正案概況 The Amendment to Annex V 2016年10月28日，IMO MEPC以MEPC.277(70)決議通過(guò)了MARPOL附則V修正案，該修正案將于2018年3月1日生效。決議對(duì)MARPOL附則V的部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了修訂，主要涉及垃圾分類(lèi)和貨物殘余物的兩部分，此外，決議還增加了垃圾管理計(jì)劃和垃圾記錄簿的修改的新規(guī)定。 IMO MPEC adopted the 2016 Amendment to MARPOL Annex V on October 1, 2016 by resolution MEPC.277(70) and it will take effect on March 1,2018. The resolution has mainly revised the categories of garbage and cargo residues. Moreover,it has prescribed new requirements of GMP and GRB. 在修正附則V的同時(shí)，MEPC以MEPC.295(71)決議通過(guò) 2017 Guidelines for the Implementation of MARPOL Annex V，廢止了2012 Guidelines for the Implementation of MARPOL Annex V。 Meanwhile, the MEPC adopted the 2017 Guidelines for the Implementation of MARPOL Annex V by resolution MEPC.295(71) and revoked the 2012 Guidelines for the Implementation of MARPOL Annex V. The GRB and garbage categories 新版垃圾記錄簿分為PART I和PART II兩部分,PART I中關(guān)于垃圾分類(lèi)方面仍為9類(lèi)，新增類(lèi)別“電子垃圾（E-waste）”，并將原有類(lèi)別“貨物殘余”移至PART II。PART II主要是關(guān)于“貨物殘余”的記錄要求，分為對(duì)海洋環(huán)境無(wú)危害貨物殘余（Non-HME)和對(duì)海洋環(huán)境有危害(HME)兩類(lèi)。 垃圾記錄簿和垃圾分類(lèi) The new GRB includes two parts. In part I, garbage is still divided into 9 categories with E-waste added, and cargo residues is moved to part II. Part II is mainly about the record requirements of cargo residues which has two categories, non-harmful to the marine environment substances（Non-HME) and harmful to the marine environment substances(HME).  【關(guān)于垃圾分類(lèi)如下圖所示】 The Garbage Record Book and garbage categories shown as follow:  新版垃圾記錄簿還增加了 例外排放或落失入海的內(nèi)容 格式如下:  Exceptional discharge or loss of garbage is added in the new GRB. Cargo residues MEPC.277(70)決議規(guī)定除谷物外的固體散裝貨物（SOLAS公約定義）應(yīng)按MARPOL附則V附錄I進(jìn)行分類(lèi)，并由托運(yùn)人申明其是否對(duì)環(huán)境有害。 貨物殘余 According to the resolution MEPC.277(70), solid bulk cargoes as defined in SOLAS, other than grain, shall be classified in accordance with appendix I of Annex V, and declared by the shipper as to whether or not they are harmful the marine environment. 船舶應(yīng)按照要求處置貨物殘余，如進(jìn)行了排放，應(yīng)在垃圾記錄簿的PART II做好記錄。 The cargo residues shall be handled as requested and each discharge of cargo residues into the sea shall be recorded in the part II of the Garbage Record Book. 3 相關(guān)建議 Suggestions 為正確處置垃圾和有效應(yīng)對(duì)PSC檢查，小編建議如下： To dispose the ship garbage properly and to cope with the PSC inspection effectively, our suggestions are as follows: 1.收集、存儲(chǔ)、處理、排放 collection, storage,disposal and discharge of garbage 2017 Guidelines for The Implementation of MARPOL Annex V 給出了實(shí)施MARPOL附則V的導(dǎo)則，建議船舶按這個(gè)導(dǎo)則進(jìn)行垃圾的收集、處理、存儲(chǔ)和排放。 It is suggested that garbage should be collected, stored, disposed and discharged under the 2017 Guidelines for The Implementation of MARPOL Annex V. 在所有情況下，垃圾應(yīng)以避免危害健康和安全的方式儲(chǔ)存。下表為某中國(guó)籍國(guó)際航行船舶數(shù)年前在俄羅斯某港口接受PSC檢查時(shí)，因食品垃圾未存放于垃圾容器內(nèi)而被開(kāi)具的滯留缺陷。 In all cases, garbage should be stored in manner which avoids health and safety hazards. During a PSC inspection of a Chinese ship in a Russian port several years ago, the food wastes were found by the local PSCOs stored outside the garbage receptacles and that was defined as a detainable deficiency. 2. 最 近 陸 地 Nearest land 公約中的最近陸地為領(lǐng)?；€，而非我們看到的海岸線獲島嶼。部分船舶混淆了公約中最近陸地和海岸線的概念，導(dǎo)致在我國(guó)的內(nèi)水或領(lǐng)海內(nèi)排放垃圾，以致違反了我國(guó)的相關(guān)法律法規(guī)。希望船員朋友引以為戒。 The term “nearest land” in the Convention means the baseline other than the coastline or the islands we’ve seen. The confusion of the concepts could lead to the garbage discharged in the territorial sea or the internal water, which violates the relevant domestic regulations of China. We hope that the crew on board take warning from such cases. 3. 記 錄 Recording 如何記錄垃圾記錄簿，附則V給出了明確的指導(dǎo)，責(zé)任船員應(yīng)按要求記錄： Annex V provides specific directions on how to record on the GRB, the officer in charge shall document each discharge into the sea on it: 1) 每次排放入海、至接收設(shè)備或完成焚燒作業(yè)均應(yīng)及時(shí)記錄，責(zé)任船員應(yīng)及時(shí)簽字，每頁(yè)記錄完畢后船長(zhǎng)應(yīng)簽字； Each discharge into the sea or to a reception facility, or a completely incineration, shall be promptly recorded in the Garbage Record Book and signed for on the date of the discharge or incineration by the officer in charge. Each completed page of the Garbage Record Book shall be signed by the master of the ship. 2) 記錄應(yīng)至少使用英文、法文或西班牙文其中一種語(yǔ)言； The entries in the Garbage Record Book shall be at least in English, French or Spanish. 3) 記錄簿應(yīng)在進(jìn)行最后一項(xiàng)記錄后至少保留二年。部分船舶因?yàn)楦鼡Q船舶買(mǎi)賣(mài)等原因，造成以往的垃圾記錄簿不在船，該情況將導(dǎo)致PSC檢查時(shí)被開(kāi)具缺陷。 The Garbage Record Book shall be preserved for a period of at least two years from the date of the last entry made in it. The absence of the previous Garbage Record Books, which maybe caused by the change of the ship’s owner, will be identified as a deficiency. 4.新版垃圾記錄簿和垃圾管理計(jì)劃 New GRB and GMP 新版垃圾記錄簿應(yīng)在3月1日前送船或完成相應(yīng)修訂。因垃圾分類(lèi)和相關(guān)處理要求發(fā)生了變化，垃圾管理計(jì)劃中相應(yīng)的內(nèi)容也應(yīng)進(jìn)行修訂。船舶應(yīng)根據(jù)船旗國(guó)要求，在3月1日前完成相關(guān)內(nèi)容的修訂或使用新版垃圾記錄簿和垃圾管理計(jì)劃。 The new GRB and GMP shall be delivered on board, or the old GRB and GMP shall be revised to meet the requirements of Annex V before 1st March. 處置船舶垃圾的過(guò)程分為四個(gè)階段:收集、處理、儲(chǔ)存和排放。上圖為處理和存儲(chǔ)船舶垃圾的通用垃圾管理計(jì)劃。 Procedures for handling ship-generated garbage are divided into four phases: collection, processing, storage and discharge. A generalized garbage management plan for handling and storing ship-generated garbage is presented above: 5. 垃圾公告牌 Placards 總長(zhǎng)度為12m或以上的船舶、固定或浮動(dòng)平臺(tái)均應(yīng)張貼垃圾公告牌，該公告牌應(yīng)以船上的工作語(yǔ)言和英文、法文或西班牙文書(shū)寫(xiě)。該告牌的尺寸至少為12.5厘米寬，20厘米長(zhǎng)，由耐用材料制成，并固定在船員工作和生活以及存放垃圾容器的位置，如廚房、餐廳、駕駛臺(tái)、主甲板等。 Every ship of 12 m or more in length overall, fixed or floating platforms shall display placards which notify the crew and passengers of the discharge requirements. The placards shall be written in the working language of the ship’s crew and in English or French or Spanish. The declaration should be placed on a placard at least 12.5 cm by 20 cm, made of durable material and fixed in prominent places on board the ship where crew will be working and living and in areas that bins are placed for collection of garbage. These places include galley spaces, mess room(s), wardroom, bridge, main deck and other areas of the ship. 6. 船上焚燒 Shipboard incineration 船上焚燒產(chǎn)生灰渣為操作廢棄物，是不能排放入海的垃圾。通常，當(dāng)船舶靠泊碼頭時(shí)，不應(yīng)進(jìn)行焚燒垃圾作業(yè)。在某些港口還可能因本國(guó)法律的規(guī)定，限制額外的空氣排放，特別是在人口密集地區(qū)。船舶使用焚燒爐可能需要港口當(dāng)局的許可。 此外，MARPOL附則VI第16條還規(guī)定，應(yīng)禁止在船上焚燒塑料垃圾，除非船舶持有IMO型式認(rèn)可證書(shū)。 Ash and clinkers from shipboard incinerators should be considered as operational waste and, therefore, as garbage that is not eligible for discharge into the sea. In general, shipboard incineration should not be undertaken when the ship in port or at an offshore terminal. Some ports may have domestic laws that specify additional air emission restrictions, particularly those near high population areas. The use of a shipboard incinerator may require permission from the port authority concerned. Besides, shipboard incineration of polyvinyl chlorides(PVCs) shall be prohibited, except in shipboard incinerators for which IMO Type Approval Certificates have been issued. 7. 接收證明 Receipts 船舶將垃圾排至港口接收設(shè)備后，船長(zhǎng)應(yīng)向垃圾接收方索取接收收據(jù)或證明。該收據(jù)或證明應(yīng)連同《垃圾記錄簿》一起妥善保存在船。如垃圾記錄簿有相應(yīng)排岸記錄，但檢查時(shí)船舶無(wú)法提相應(yīng)的證明，可能將面臨被開(kāi)具缺陷，甚至受到行政處罰的可能。 After each discharge of ship garbage to port reception facilities, the master need to obtain the documents or receipts of the discharge by port reception facilities which shall be properly preserved together with the GRB. If the ship can not provide relevant documents or receipts of the discharge which has been recorded on the GRB, the absence of relevant documents may be defined as a deficiency which may also lead to administrative penalties. 8. 培 訓(xùn) Training 船舶應(yīng)做好相關(guān)培訓(xùn)，使船員熟悉公約、垃圾管理計(jì)劃和體系的要求，并正確實(shí)施。這是船舶垃圾管理最重要的一點(diǎn)，只有船員熟悉并按要求實(shí)施垃圾的收集、分類(lèi)、儲(chǔ)存和排放，才能確保把垃圾對(duì)水域的污染降到最低。 To make the crew members acquainted with the new requirements of the Convention, the training should be conducted in time, which is most important for the shipboard garbage management. Only when the crew members are familiar with the procedures of garbage handling and conduct them strictly can we minimize garbage pollution to the marine environment. 以上就是本期推送的全部?jī)?nèi)容啦 如果大家有什么好的意見(jiàn)或者建議 |
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