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2011屆中考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)八：狀語(yǔ)從句的考點(diǎn)講解和訓(xùn)練 【考點(diǎn)直擊】 1. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 2. 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 3. 原因狀語(yǔ)從句 4. 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 5. 比較狀語(yǔ)從句 6. 目的狀語(yǔ)從句 7. 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 8. 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 【名師點(diǎn)睛】 用來(lái)修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞，副詞和形容詞的從句叫狀語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)其含義狀語(yǔ)從句可分為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，條件狀語(yǔ)從句， 原因狀語(yǔ)從句，結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，比較狀語(yǔ)從句，目的狀語(yǔ)從句，讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 1. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 (1)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等連詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。例如： It was raining hard when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句里，通常不用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。例如： I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在帶有till或until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含義是“一直到……時(shí)”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如果主句用否定式，其含義是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用瞬間動(dòng)詞。例如： The young man read till the light went out. Let’s wait until the rain stops. We won’t start until Bob comes. Don’t get off until the bus stops. 2. 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 (1)條件狀語(yǔ)從句通常由if, unless引導(dǎo)。例如： What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to. (2)在條件狀語(yǔ)從句里，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。例如： I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He won’t be late unless he is ill. (3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陳述句” 在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)帶有條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。例如： Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late. Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 原因狀語(yǔ)從句 (1)原因狀語(yǔ)從句通常由because, since, as引導(dǎo)。例如： He didn’t come to school because he was ill. As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo. Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else. (2)because表示直接原因，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)。Because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句多放在主句之后?；卮鹩?/font>why提出的問(wèn)題，只能用because。As和since語(yǔ)氣較弱，一般用來(lái)表示明顯的原因。由as和since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從居多放在句首。例如： ------Why aren’t going there? ------Because I don’t want to. As he has no car, he can’t get there easily. Since we have no money, we can’t buy it. (3)because和so不能同用在一個(gè)句子里。 4. 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 (1)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句由so…that, such…that, so that引導(dǎo)。例如： He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son. She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her. My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it. (2)so…that語(yǔ)such...that可以互換。例如： 在由so...that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中，so是副詞，與形容詞連用。其結(jié)構(gòu)是: “...so + 形容詞（副詞）+ that + 從句”。例如： He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word. The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people. Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her. 在由such…that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中，such是形容詞，它修飾的可以是單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞；名詞前面可以帶形容詞，也可不帶。如果是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，前面需加不定冠詞a或an。例如： It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything. He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling. He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term. 有時(shí)上述兩種結(jié)構(gòu)是可以互換的。例如： It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again. =The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again. It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it. =The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it. (3)如果名詞前由many, much, little, few等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用so, 不用such。例如： Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses. He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you. 5. 比較狀語(yǔ)從句 比較狀語(yǔ)從句通常由as…as, 比較級(jí) + than…等連詞引導(dǎo)。例如： Tom runs faster than John does. This classroom is as big as that one. 6. 目的狀語(yǔ)從句 (1)目的狀語(yǔ)從句通常由 so that, in order that引導(dǎo)。例如： We started early so that we could catch the first train. He studies hard so that he could work better in the future. We used the computer in order that we might save time. (2)so that既可引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，又可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。區(qū)別這兩種從句的辦法有兩個(gè)：1)目的狀語(yǔ)從句里往往帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, could, may, might等。2)從意思上看，目的狀語(yǔ)從句往往表示的目的很明確。例如： Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的狀語(yǔ)從句) Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句) 7. 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 (1)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句通常由although, though等連詞引導(dǎo)。例如： Though he is young, he knows a lot. Although I am tired, I must go on working. (2)although(though)不能用在同一個(gè)句子中。例如： 我們不能說(shuō)：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out. 應(yīng)該說(shuō)：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out. 8. 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句常常由where來(lái)引導(dǎo)。例如： Go where you like. Where there is a will, there is a way. 【實(shí)例解析】 1.You will stay healthy _______ you do more exercise, such as running and walking. A. if B. how C. before D. where 答案：A。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞的選擇。從意思上看，從句應(yīng)是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，在這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有if能引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，所以選A。 2. ---Shall we go on working? ---Yes, _________ I prefer to have a rest. A. when B. if C. because D. though 答案：D。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞的選擇。從意思上看，只有選though才能說(shuō)得通。 3.None of us knew what had happened _________ they told us about it. A. when B. until C. after D. though 答案：B。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞選擇。本句的意思是“在……以前我們沒(méi)人知道這件事。”要表達(dá)著一意思應(yīng)用“not…until” 這一句型。 4.---I hope you’ll enjoy your trip, dear! ---Thank you, mum. I’ll give you a call _________ I get there. A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till 答案：B。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞的選擇。本題的意思是“一到那里，我就給你打電話。”要表達(dá)這個(gè)意思應(yīng)選用as soon as。 【中考演練】 一. 單項(xiàng)填空 1. _______ he’s old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For D. So 2. ---Do you know if he _______ to play basket ball with us? ---I think he will come if he ______ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be 3. In the zoo if a child _____ into the water and can’t swim, the dolphins may come up ______ him. A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping 4. I don’t remember ________ he worked in that city when he was young. A. what B. which C. where D. who 5. We will stay at home if my aunt ________ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming 6. The police asked the children _______ cross the street ________ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. don’t; when C. not to; until D. not; after 7. I was late for class yesterday _______ there was something wrong with my bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because 8. I’ll go swimming with you if I ________ free tomorrow. A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was 9. In the exam, the ________ you are, ______ the _______ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less 10. You should finish your lessons _______ you go out to paly. A. before B. after C. when D. while 11. I hurried _____ I wouldn’t be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless 12. When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _______ you have any questions. A. which B. that C. where D. though 13. The teacher raised his voice _______ all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order 14. He took off his coat _______ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since 15. It is ______ that we’d like to go out for a walk. A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day 16. Mary had ______ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very 17. _______ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if 18. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As 19. ______ well you can drive, you must drive carefully. A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment 20. Write to me as soon as you ________ to Beijing. A. will get B. get C. getting D. got 二. 根據(jù)中文意思完成下列英語(yǔ)句子 1. 不管他跟我開(kāi)什麼玩笑，我都不生氣。 I am not angry with him, _______ _______ ______ jokes he ______ on me. 2. 布魯斯太太對(duì)學(xué)生非常親切，以至于學(xué)生把她當(dāng)做母親。 Mrs Bruce was _______ kind to her students ______ they ______ her _____ their mother. 3. 只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會(huì)滿意我們的表現(xiàn)。 Our parents will be pleased with our performance _____ _____ ______ we try our best. 4. 你一到上海就給我打個(gè)電話好嗎？ Will you please call me ______ ______ ______ you get to Shanghai. 5. 這個(gè)七歲的女孩酷愛(ài)鋼琴，以至于他已經(jīng)堅(jiān)持練習(xí)兩年了。 The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano ______ ______ ______ she has kept practicing for two years. 6. 雖然她很忙，他還堅(jiān)持自學(xué)英語(yǔ)。 _______ _______ ______ _______, she kept on learning English by herself. 7. 他長(zhǎng)大后相當(dāng)一名記者。 He wants to be a journalist ______ _______ _______ _______. 8. 無(wú)論刮風(fēng)下雨，我們的老師總是第一個(gè)到校。 _______ _______ windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school. 9. 如果人人為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出貢獻(xiàn)，世界將會(huì)變得更美好。 ______ ______ ______ _____ _______ to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful. 10. 李明昨天沒(méi)來(lái)上學(xué)，因?yàn)樗×恕?/font> Li Ming didn’t come to school _______ _______ ______ ______. 【練習(xí)答案】 一. 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B 二. 1. no matter what; plays 2.so; that; regarded; as 3. as long as 4. as long as 5. so much that 6. Though she was busy 7. when he grows up 8.Whether it’s 9. If everyone makes a contribution 10. because he was ill |
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