過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

常用的時(shí)間狀語有：at this time yesterday, at that time, this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。

I was busy yesterday. 

昨天我很忙。

1. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)形式

肯定形式：was/were + doing；

I was reading aloud while my brother was watching TV.

我弟弟在看電視的時(shí)候我在大聲讀書。

否定形式：was/were + not +doing；

She wasn't doing her homeworkwhen I got home.

當(dāng)我回到家的時(shí)候，她沒有在做作業(yè)。

一般疑問句形式：把was或were置于句首。

Were you cooking the breakfast ateight yesterday morning?

昨天早上8點(diǎn)你在做早餐嗎？

過去完成時(shí)

表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”完成的動(dòng)作。

常用的時(shí)間狀語有：before, until,when, after, once, as soon as, by the endof last year （term,month） 等。

When he got there, the train had already left.

他到那兒時(shí)，火車已經(jīng)離開了。

1. 過去完成時(shí)形式

（1） 過去完成時(shí)的一般形式

肯定形式：had + done；

When the police arrived, the thief had run away.

當(dāng)警察趕到的時(shí)候，小偷已經(jīng)跑了。

否定形式：had + not + done；

He said that he hadn't learned any English before.

他說他以前沒有學(xué)過英語。

一般疑問句形式：把had置于句首。

Had she left the office when Miss Li went to get a book.

當(dāng)李小姐去拿書的時(shí)候她已經(jīng)離開辦公室了嗎？

2. 過去完成時(shí)的擴(kuò)展

1） 當(dāng)動(dòng)詞為hope, expect, think,intend, mean, want, suppose, plan時(shí)，用過去完成時(shí)表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，打算和意圖。

I had hoped that I could get the job.

我真希望我能得到這份工作。

2） 在hardly/scarcely...，when, nosooner... than句型中，主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。

I had hardly got into the house when he came to see me.

當(dāng)他來看我的時(shí)候，我剛到家。

3） 表示“第幾次做某事”，主句用一般過去時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。

That was the first time that she had seen her father.

那是她第一次見到她的父親。