當(dāng)what “強(qiáng)調(diào)”碰上it 強(qiáng)調(diào) 在開始話題前,先來(lái)一段句型轉(zhuǎn)換操練: 簡(jiǎn)單句:She needs money. (1).對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn):What does she need?(what 疑問(wèn)代名詞,有疑問(wèn),“什么”) (2).用what 強(qiáng)調(diào)money:What she needs is money.(what關(guān)系代名詞,無(wú)疑問(wèn),“。。。的東西”) (3).用it 強(qiáng)調(diào)money:It is money that she needs. (4).對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn): ----What is it that she needs? ----Money. (5).將上面(4)的問(wèn)和答合成一句:____________________is money. 要得到答案,需要解決三個(gè)問(wèn)題: 1.怎么理解(4)此處的what?2. It強(qiáng)調(diào)句的本質(zhì)是什么?3.(5)此處的劃線部分是什么成分? 依次分析如下: 1.怎么理解(4)此處的what? what的具體用法有詳細(xì)說(shuō)明(見《透視what》),對(duì)比(1)和(2)可知:此時(shí)what作關(guān)系代名詞,分解為something that ,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句;又在問(wèn)句中,含疑問(wèn),“。。。的什么東西”; 2. It強(qiáng)調(diào)句的本質(zhì)是什么? 《that的用法探究》(對(duì)that的具體用法有詳細(xì)說(shuō)明 )中對(duì)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的理解: 1)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是名詞類時(shí),that引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句,it作非/人稱指代 ; 2)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是副詞類時(shí),that引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句,it作形式主語(yǔ); 并且it、is、that三詞一體不可分離,這里的what應(yīng)屬于1)強(qiáng)調(diào)money; 3. (5)此處的劃線部分是什么成分? 劃線部分在主語(yǔ)位置,屬于名詞類,而且句尾是點(diǎn)號(hào)而非問(wèn)號(hào)。這意味著: ①結(jié)構(gòu)上,空白處看似是復(fù)雜的句實(shí)則是被突出強(qiáng)調(diào)的名詞; ②語(yǔ)義上,承原簡(jiǎn)單句而來(lái),主語(yǔ)表達(dá)的意思是:“正是她所需要的。。。東西”; ③標(biāo)點(diǎn)上,陳述句對(duì)句序也有潛在的影響:疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)序必有變化; 4.總結(jié): 當(dāng)一個(gè)名詞被雙重強(qiáng)調(diào),即what 強(qiáng)調(diào)碰上it 強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí),兩者的排列及句序:先it強(qiáng)調(diào),再what強(qiáng)調(diào),因?yàn)閕t強(qiáng)調(diào)句是句,而what是有化句能力的詞,可以融入it強(qiáng)調(diào)句,從而取消句子獨(dú)立性。 當(dāng)然,也會(huì)有這樣的存在:It is money that is what she needs. 從更直觀且更易于操作的角度來(lái)說(shuō),就是指it強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)式在變?yōu)閺木鋾r(shí)的句序規(guī)則。此時(shí),what有無(wú)強(qiáng)調(diào)意則無(wú)足輕重了。所以答案是: What it is that she needs is Money./Money is what it is that she needs. 5.例句: If you're new to time management, what is it that you struggle with most? 如果你是時(shí)間管理的新手,什么確實(shí)是你關(guān)注最多的? What is it that you offer for free vs. charge? 你其實(shí)提供哪些免費(fèi)服務(wù)?哪些收費(fèi)服務(wù)? What is it that makes us uniquely human? 究竟什么使我們?nèi)祟惒煌谄渌锏哪兀?/span> What is it that you want to do with your life? 你到底想用你這一生做些什么? What it is that I need most is money.我所急需的就是錢。 ①+②+③+④ I’ll do whatever it is you need me to do. 我會(huì)做你需要我做的一切。 ①You need me to do whatever. ②whatever / anything that you need me to do ③It is whatever you need me to do./ It is anything that you need me to do. ④I’ll do... ①+②+③+④ What it was you asked for was a ticket to Brighton. 你要的是去布萊頓的機(jī)票。 ①You asked for a ticket to Brighton.②a ticket to Brighton you asked for ③It was a ticket to Brighton (that) you asked for. ④... was a ticket. How is it that you can't stand a little bit of criticism? 你怎么這樣禁不住批評(píng)? How is it that you are still here? 你為什么還在這兒? Once you stopped pushing how is it that the sledge keep going? 你都已經(jīng)停止推動(dòng)雪橇了但是為什么它還會(huì)前進(jìn)呢? The questions that puzzled them is how it is that they can win. 令他們困惑的問(wèn)題是他們?cè)鯓硬拍塬@勝。 I don't know how it is that when I go to a post office I always seem to find myself in a line behind someone who has some long and complicated business to do. 我不知道為什么我去郵局的時(shí)候總是發(fā)現(xiàn)自己排在一個(gè)有很多復(fù)雜的事情要做的人后面。 How is it that we can not condemn the violent attacks on the world's symbol of peace,the Olympic torch? 我們?yōu)槭裁床慌刑幠切┍┝σu擊世界和平象征——奧運(yùn)火炬的人有罪呢? 6. 延申 對(duì)化句能力巨強(qiáng),還神出鬼沒的what,要想抓住它現(xiàn)出原型真身,須把握兩點(diǎn): 1.what是像東方不敗一樣,有本尊和替身,相當(dāng)于雙名詞的疊合(:something that); 2.what是個(gè)強(qiáng)硬的務(wù)實(shí)派,作為有幻影的代名詞,在從句中必有一席之地(充當(dāng)主、賓、表語(yǔ))。 下面幾句中what 是被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分,it is that 一起去掉,絲毫不損傷原句結(jié)構(gòu)。 What it is that has made Tom what he is now. 究竟什么使得湯姆現(xiàn)在這個(gè)樣子。 I wonder what it is that makes you so excellent. 我想知道什么讓你如此優(yōu)秀。 We’ll know what it is that we found.我們會(huì)知道我們到底發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么。 Having done that, next comes establishing what it is that marketing activities should be achieving. 完成此操作后,接下來(lái)將確定營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)應(yīng)該實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。 然而,下面兩句還是it強(qiáng)調(diào)句嗎?找一找what 的老窩在哪? 1.She says they found him trapped on what it was the fourth floor of the building that has pancaked in on itself. 【解析】what 所在的原句:It was the fourth floor of the building that has pancaked in what(:someplace)on itself.可視為強(qiáng)調(diào)句,但強(qiáng)調(diào)的不是what; 也可看成是it表非人稱指代,指地點(diǎn)(:the place);從句中what直接被提出作trapped on 的賓語(yǔ),剩余部分則成為修飾what的定語(yǔ)從句。 【句意】她說(shuō)他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他被困在了一棟大樓的四層(某處),該大樓已經(jīng)坍塌。 2.It is simple enough to say that since books ave classes ----fiction, biography, poetry ---- we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. 【解析】what 所在的原句: It is right that each should give us what(:something).主語(yǔ)從句,what作give的直接賓語(yǔ)。 【句意】說(shuō)來(lái)容易,既然書有各種各樣 ------小說(shuō)、傳記、詩(shī)歌------那我們就應(yīng)該把它分門別類,并且各按其類來(lái)汲取每本書應(yīng)給予我們的內(nèi)容。 牛刀小試 1.__ I ' m so worried about is __ they are able to earn a large amount of money in a short time . A . That ; how B . What ; if C . What ; how D . As ; whether 【答案】 C 【解析】句意:我最擔(dān)心的是他們?nèi)绾卧谶@么短的時(shí)間里籌集到這么一大筆錢。第一空中, is 前面是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句,從句中缺少一個(gè)介詞 about 的賓語(yǔ),指代"擔(dān)心的事情",故用 what 來(lái)引導(dǎo)該主語(yǔ)從句;第二空中, is 后為表語(yǔ)從句,根據(jù)句意可知,應(yīng)該是表達(dá)籌錢的方式,表示"如何"所以用 how 來(lái)引導(dǎo)。故選 C 。 【總結(jié)】考查名詞性從句,本題涉及 what 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句和 how 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。 2. ___is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift . A . Which B . As C . That D . What 【答案】D 【解析】句意:明顯正確的做法就是給所有的孩子提供平等發(fā)展特殊才能的機(jī)會(huì)。連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句,并在主語(yǔ)從句中做句子的主語(yǔ),故選 D 。 【總結(jié)】考查名詞性從句,本題涉及 what 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。 3.We believe __ you have been devoted to __ naturally of great necessity . A . that ; being B . all that ; be C . that all ; are D . what ; is 【答案】 D 【解析】句意:我們相信你所投入的當(dāng)然是非常必要的。分析句子可知, believe 后接賓語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句中 you have been devoted to 缺少賓語(yǔ),表示事物故用 what ; what you have been devoted to 為主語(yǔ),從句作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),故選 D 。 【總結(jié)】考查名詞性從句和主謂一致,本題涉及 what 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 4.It was never clear __ the man hadn’ t reported the accident sooner . A . that B . how C . when D . why 【答案】 D 【解析】句意:這名男子沒有早點(diǎn)報(bào)告這次事故的原因根本沒有搞清楚。 It 在句中是形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是 why 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。故選 D 。 【總結(jié)】考查名詞性從句,本題涉及 why 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。 5. __ has caused great confusion is _ he made it without anyone else ' s help . A . What ; that .B . What ; how . C . It ; how . D . It ; that . 【答案】 B 【解析】句意:讓人極大困惑的是他如何在沒有別人幫助的情況下做到這一點(diǎn)的。表示"讓人困惑的事情"用 what 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,表示"如何做到的"用 how 表方式,引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。故選 B . 【總結(jié)】考查名詞性從句,本題涉及 what 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句和 how 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。 6.__ is known to all, the earth is smaller than the sun . A . As B . What C . It D . Which 【答案】 A 【解析】句意:眾所周知,地球比太陽(yáng)還小。As is known to all 是主語(yǔ)從句,as指代后面的主句,選A 。 【總結(jié)】考查名詞性從句,本題涉及 as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。 7.___ will be in charge of the meeting has not been decided yet . A . What B . Which C . That D . Who 【答案】 D 【解析】句意:誰(shuí)將負(fù)責(zé)這次會(huì)議還沒有決定。 will be in charge of the meeting 是一個(gè) 專題03主語(yǔ)從句﹣2021高考英語(yǔ)主...主語(yǔ)從句,從句中缺少主語(yǔ),指人,故選 D 。 【總結(jié)】考查名詞性從句,本題涉及 who 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。 8. ____is known to all is that the earth is smaller than the sun . A . As B . What C . It D . Which 【答案】 B 【解析】句意:眾所周知地球比太陽(yáng)小。復(fù)合句的主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)名詞性從句,從句沒有引導(dǎo)詞和主語(yǔ),表示"所......的(事)",故用 what 引導(dǎo),其雙重名詞作用,故選 B 。 【總結(jié)】考查名詞性從句,本題涉及 what 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。 9.- What impresses you most when you visit the Acropolis ? -____ it is that has brought the grand palace into today ' s terrible scene . A . Where B . What C . How D . When 【答案】 B 【解析】句意:-﹣當(dāng)你參觀雅典衛(wèi)城時(shí),你印象最深的是什么?-﹣使我印象最深的是什么將從前宏偉的宮殿變成了今天慘不忍睹的樣子。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句式:疑問(wèn)詞(如 what )..is it that +其它,本句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是什么使得從前宏偉的宮殿蛻變的,所以用表示內(nèi)容的 what ,選 B 。 【總結(jié)】考查主語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句,本題強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。 10.Some people believe __has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future . A . whatever B . whenever C . wherever D . no matter what 【答案】 A 【解析】句意:一些人認(rèn)為之前發(fā)生的或現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的任何事情在將來(lái)都會(huì)重復(fù)發(fā)生。 Whatever has happened before or is happening now 是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句, whatever 既引導(dǎo)起這個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句,也在句中做主語(yǔ)。 BC 項(xiàng)都屬于副詞的性質(zhì),都不能做主語(yǔ),通常只能做狀語(yǔ); no matter what 只能用來(lái)引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句,故選 A 。 【總結(jié)】考查名詞性從句,本題涉及"特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ ever "引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。 11. First- class players of football must have excellent ball control , but it is not just ___ they do with their feet __ counts . A . how ; that B . that ; what C . what ; that D . whether ; what 【答案】 C 【解析】句意:一流的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員一定要有優(yōu)秀的球技,但并不是能用腳踢球最重要。第一空是主語(yǔ)從句, what 起連接從句作用并作 do 的賓語(yǔ);第二空考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型: it is +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that ...。故 C 正確。"強(qiáng)調(diào)句型: it is +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that ..."中,把 it is 和 that 去掉,剩下的部分仍能構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 12.It is confirmed that a person can not be actually pleased if _ he appreciates doing is ignored by the company as of no value . A . when B . that C . what D . where 【答案】 C 【解析】句意:如果一個(gè)人所喜歡做的事情被公司認(rèn)是毫無(wú)價(jià)值的,確定他不會(huì)感到滿意的。題干中 if 從句中包含的 he appreciates doing 主語(yǔ)從句,從句中缺少 doing 的賓語(yǔ),故可知選 C 項(xiàng)。 13.--- _____made her ashamed of herself ?---______ the lowest mark in her class . A . What ; Because she got B . Was it what ; Getting C . What was it that ; That she got D . What was it that ; Get 【答案】 C 【解析】句意:-﹣是什么讓她對(duì)她自己感到羞愧?-﹣是她獲得了她班上的最低分讓她慚愧。 A 中的 what 是句子的主語(yǔ),但是 because 引導(dǎo)的從句不作主語(yǔ),是原因狀語(yǔ)從句,故排除; B 的第一空是錯(cuò)誤形式,故排除; C 、 D 兩項(xiàng)的第一個(gè)選項(xiàng)是一樣的,說(shuō)明第一個(gè)題干是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,特殊疑問(wèn)句下的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,有 what 引導(dǎo);第二個(gè)空是對(duì) what 的回答,因?yàn)?/span> what 是上一句的主語(yǔ), That she got the lowest mark in her class 是從句,可以作主語(yǔ);而 D 項(xiàng)的 get 是動(dòng)詞原形,不能作主語(yǔ),故答案為 C 。 【總結(jié)】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的使用和對(duì)特殊疑問(wèn)句的回答,注意問(wèn)什么回答什么,也就是說(shuō)疑問(wèn)詞what 是句子的主語(yǔ),回答的內(nèi)容也需要在句子中能作主語(yǔ)。 14._ bothers me is that the young man seems to know a bit too much . A . Whether B . What C . Which D . That 【答案】 B 【解析】句意:困擾我的是,年輕人似乎知道得有點(diǎn)太多了。此處主語(yǔ)從句缺少引導(dǎo)詞,缺少主語(yǔ),根據(jù)句意選 B 。 【總結(jié)】what作主從句的雙主語(yǔ)。 15.____ Li Bai , a great Chinese poet ,was born is known to the public , but some won ' t accept it . A . That B . Where C . What D . Which 【答案】 B 【解析】句意:李白是中國(guó)一位偉大的詩(shī)人,他的出生地是眾所周知的,但有些人不愿意接受這一事實(shí)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, a reat Chinese poet 做 Li Bai 的同位語(yǔ), is 前面是主語(yǔ)從句。比較選項(xiàng)只有 where 符合句意, where 在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。故選 B 。 【總結(jié)】考查主語(yǔ)從句。 16.In the past decade , our education system _____too much on grades . However ,____ grades have a direct connection with future success is still a question . A . focused ; whether B . focused ; if C . has focused ; whether D . has focused ; if 【答案】 C 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù) In the past decade ,在最近的幾十年里,可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài), our education system 是句子的主語(yǔ), 單數(shù)形式,所以第一空填 has focused ;第二空是主語(yǔ)從句做主語(yǔ), if 是否,不能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,所以第二空填 whether 。故選 C 。 【總結(jié)】主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句中只能用whether 不能用if。 17. It is often the case __ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope . A . why B . what C . as D . that 【答案】 D 【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句。本句中 it 是形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是連接詞 that 做引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句,連接詞 that 在本句中不充當(dāng)任何成分,只是一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞而已,不能省略。連接副詞 why 要在句中作狀語(yǔ),連接代詞 what 通常在句子中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等; as 通常不引導(dǎo)名詞從句。句意:對(duì)于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是是事實(shí)。故 D 正確。 【總結(jié)】句型:It is often the case that +.../as is often the case “情況通常如此”。 18.Your support is important to our work . you can do helps A . However B . Whoever C . Whatever D . Wherever 【答案】 C 【解析】題目考查主語(yǔ)從句。 helps 是謂語(yǔ)," you can do "是主語(yǔ)成分,即主語(yǔ)從句,在主語(yǔ)從句中, do 后缺少賓語(yǔ),因此用 whatever 引導(dǎo),故選 C 。 = No matter what happened , he ..... 【總結(jié)】whatever 可理解為:①anything that②no matter what 19.Passion is passion and it doesn’t matter ____it’s directed . Exactly , it can be coins or sports or politics . A . why B . how C . whether D . where 【答案】 D 【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句。 it doesn’t matter 中 it 是形式主語(yǔ),由 directed 可知引導(dǎo)分類方向,下文的 coins , sports 和 politics 進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。句意:激情就是激情,它無(wú)關(guān)方向,可以是收集硬幣,喜歡體育運(yùn)動(dòng)或是政治。 【總結(jié)】?jī)商幍?/span>it 分別有不同含義:一個(gè)是形式主語(yǔ),一個(gè)指passion。 20.It suddenly occurred to him __ he had left his keys in the office . A . that B . what C . where D . which 【答案】 A 【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句,句意:他突然想起把鑰匙忘在辦公室。 It occurred to sb that ......某人突然間想起,故選 A 項(xiàng)。 【總結(jié)】句型:It (suddenly) occurred to /came to sb. that ... 某人(突然)想起。 |
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來(lái)自: 靜康安好 > 《原創(chuàng)合集》