專題19短文填空

考點2 選詞填空

（一）（2022·新疆·中考真題）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在每個空格處填寫一個適當?shù)脑~，使文章意思完整且符合邏輯。每空一詞，每詞限用一次。

Zhang Junli, an amazing woman, is from Taiyuan, Shanxi Province. She has overcome life’s greatest difficulties to become one of the most famous ___57___ in China. She has been paralyzed (癱瘓的) for over 30 years. When she was six, Zhang had a ___58___ illness. At eight, she could not move 90% of her body. She can only ___59___ her shoulders and neck a little now. However, being paralyzed never prevented her from ___60___ to follow her dreams. Zhang took up drawing at a young age and ____61____ learning painting in 2015. Though it is hard for her to pick a paintbrush, her love for painting is ____62____ pushing her to challenge herself.

“Painting has changed me. The first time I picked up a brush, I felt that I liked to draw,” says Zhang. “The world is so beautiful. Even if I am in poor ___63___, I don’t want to give up the chance to live”. Now Zhang has created thousands ___64___ pencil sketches (素描). She also has an online shop ___65___ Zhang Junli’s Paintings, where she sells her works.

Zhang wants to use her ___66___ to encourage those who are like her, and to tell them never to give up. “Instead of crying and worrying all day, find your meaning in life. Live in the present,” says Zhang, a true inspiration.

【答案】57．painters

58．serious

59．move

60．trying

61．started

62．always

63．health

64．of

65．called

66．works

【解析】

【導語】

本文主要講述了殘疾人畫家——張俊莉的勵志故事。

57．

句意：她克服了人生最大的困難，成為中國最著名的畫家之一。根據(jù)“l(fā)earning painting”和備選詞匯可知，是一名畫家，one of the最高級+名詞復數(shù)，painters符合句意；故填painters。

58．

句意：當她六歲的時候，她得了一場重病。根據(jù)“At eight, she could not move 90% of her body.”和備選詞匯可知，得了很嚴重的病，serious“嚴重的”；故填serious。

59．

句意：她現(xiàn)在只能稍微活動一下肩膀和脖子了。根據(jù)“her shoulders and neck a little now”和備選詞匯可知，只能移動肩膀和脖子，can后接動詞原形，move符合句意；故填move。

60．

句意：然而，癱瘓并不妨礙她追尋自己的夢想。根據(jù)“to follow her dreams”和備選詞匯可知，試著追隨自己的夢想，prevent sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，trying符合句意；故填trying。

61．

句意：張俊莉從小就開始畫畫。根據(jù)“Zhang took up drawing at a young age”和備選詞匯可知，需要一個動詞過去式，應該是開始學習畫畫，started符合句意；故填started。

62．

句意：雖然她很難選擇畫筆，但她對繪畫的熱愛正促使她挑戰(zhàn)自己。根據(jù)“pushing her to challenge herself”和備選詞匯可知，總是推動她挑戰(zhàn)自己；always符合句意；故填always。

63．

句意：即使我身體不好，我也不想放棄活下去的機會。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容和備選詞匯可知，身體不好，in poor health“身體差”符合句意；故填health。

64．

句意：現(xiàn)在，張俊莉已經(jīng)創(chuàng)作了數(shù)千幅鉛筆素描。thousands of“成千上萬”，故填of。

65．

句意：她還開了一家網(wǎng)店，名叫“張俊莉的畫”，出售她的作品。根據(jù)“where she sells her works”和備選詞匯可知，叫作張俊莉的畫，called符合句意；故填called。

66．

句意：張俊莉想用她的作品來鼓勵那些和她一樣的人，告訴他們永遠不要放棄。根據(jù)“encourage those who are like her”和備選詞匯可知，用作品鼓勵人們，works符合句意；故填works。

（二）（2022·甘肅武威·中考真題）

用方框中所給單詞或短語的適當形式填空，使短文通順、正確、連貫，每個單詞或短語限用一次。

“What a great film!” says Dan.Dan Parks and Sue Barrington are leaving the Odeon cinema in Oxford.

“I love Eddie Redmayne,” says Sue.

“Yes, he’s a ___41___ actor,” replies Dan.

He looks at his watch.

“It’s ___42___ o’clock already,” he says. “Time to get home.”

“Yes,” says Sue. “It’s beginning to get dark.”

They walk up the street and look for their bikes. There ___43___ a lot of bikes in Oxford. The city is flat and a lot of people cycle.

“There’s my bike,” says Dan. He looks for Sue’s, but he ___44___ see it.

“Where’s ___45___?” asks Sue. “It’s not here.”

Then they see her bike lock on the ground — ___46___two bits.

“Oh no!” says Sue. “Bike thieves!”

Dan looks up and down the road. He sees a police car fifty metres away on the other side of the street.

“___47___ me,” he says to Sue, and runs across the street.

She watches him. He talks through the window of the police car and points ___48___ at her.

Then a policewoman gets out of the car and comes across the road with Dan.

“Hello,” says the policewoman to Sue. “I’m PC Jennings. Your friend tells me your bike is ___49___ . Now tell me about the bike.”

“Well, it’s blue,” begins Sue. “It’s a ____50____bike. And it’s only a year old.”

Jennings writes everything in her notebook.

…

【答案】41．good

42．five

43．are

44．can’t

45．mine

46．in

47．Wait for

48．back

49．missing

50．road

【解析】

【導語】

本文主要講述了Dan和Sue一起去看電影，看完電影出來后發(fā)現(xiàn)Sue的自行車不見了，于是Dan向周圍的警察求助，警察登記了Sue的自行車信息。

41．

句意：他是一名優(yōu)秀的演員。此空缺少形容詞修飾名詞actor，備選詞good“優(yōu)秀的”符合，故填good。

42．

句意：已經(jīng)五點鐘了。根據(jù)“o’clock ”可知，此空應填入數(shù)詞，表示具體的時刻，備選詞five“五”符合，故填five。

43．

句意：牛津有很多自行車。there be表示“有”，句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，bikes是復數(shù)形式，be動詞用are，故填are。

44．

句意：但是他找不到它。根據(jù)“He looks for Sue’s”及but可知，他沒有找到Sue的自行車，備選詞can的否定形式can’t“不能”符合，故填can’t。

45．

句意：我的自行車在哪里？根據(jù)““There’s my bike,” says Dan. He looks for Sue’s, but he… see it”可知，沒有找到Sue的自行車，所以Sue問自己的自行車在哪，空格后無名詞，應填名詞性物主代詞mine表示“我的（自行車）”，故填mine。

46．

句意：然后他們看到她的自行車鎖在地上，斷成兩截。根據(jù)“two bits”可知，此處指變成了兩截，備選詞in符合，故填in。

47．

句意：等我一下。根據(jù)“he says to Sue, and runs across the street”可知，他讓Sue等他一下，wait for“等待”，此處是祈使句的肯定形式，應填動詞原形，句首的單詞首字母要大寫，故填Wait for。

48．

句意：他隔著警車的窗戶說話，回頭指著她。根據(jù)“He talks through the window of the police car and points… at her”及備選詞可知，他向警察解釋是誰遇到了問題，所以此處是回頭指著Sue，point back“回頭指”，故填back。

49．

句意：你朋友告訴我你的自行車不見了。is后接形容詞作表語，根據(jù)前文的描述可知，Sue的自行車不見了，missing“消失的”符合，故填missing。

50．

句意：這是一輛公路自行車。此空的詞語修飾名詞bike，備選詞road“公路”符合，故填road。

（三）（2022·湖北隨州·中考真題）

從方框中選擇適當?shù)膯卧~，并用其適當?shù)男问酵瓿啥涛?，每詞只能用一次，每空一詞。

How I Learned to Learn EnglishLast year, I did not like my English class. Every class was like a bad dream. The teacher spoke so ____36____that I did not understand her most of the time. I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. I just ____37____ behind my textbook and never said anything.

Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Stony. I fell ____38____ love with this exciting and funny movie! So I began to watch other English movies, too. ____39____ I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their ____40____ helped me to get the meaning. I also ____41____I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words. My pronunciation improved as well by listening to the conversations in English movies. I discovered that listening to something ____42____ is the secret to language learning. I also learned ____43____ sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It server you right”. I did not understand these sentences at first. But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked ____44____up in a dictionary.

Now I really enjoy my English class. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a ____45____ understanding of English movies.

【答案】36．quickly

37．hid

38．in

39．Although

40．faces

41．realized

42．interesting

43．useful

44．them

45．better

【解析】

【導語】

本文主要介紹了作者是如何學習英語的。

36．

句意：老師說得太快了，我大部分時間都聽不懂。根據(jù)“I did not understand her most of the time”可知作者聽不懂是因為老師說得太快，此處應用quickly修飾動詞，故填quickly。

37．

句意：我只是躲在課本后面，從來什么都不說。根據(jù)“behind my textbook and never said anything.”結(jié)合備選詞匯可知，此處指的是藏在課本后，句子是一般過去時，動詞用過去式，故填hid。

38．

句意：我愛上了這部激動人心又有趣的電影！固定短語fall in love with“愛上……”，故填in。

39．

句意：雖然我不能理解人物說的每句話，但是他們的肢體語言和臉上的表情幫助我理解意思。根據(jù)“I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their...helped me to get the meaning. ”可知前后句有轉(zhuǎn)折含義，結(jié)合備選詞匯可知although“盡管”符合語境，故填Although。

40．

句意：雖然我不能理解人物說的每句話，但是他們的肢體語言和臉上的表情幫助我理解意思。根據(jù)“the expressions”可知指的是面部表情，face“臉”，是名詞，結(jié)合“their ”可知名詞用復數(shù)，故填faces。

41．

句意：我也意識到我可以通過只聽關(guān)鍵詞來理解意思。根據(jù)“I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words.”結(jié)合備選詞匯可知，通過只聽關(guān)鍵詞來理解意思是作者意識到的，結(jié)合語境可知句子用一般過去時，故填realized。

42．

句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)聽一些有趣的東西是學習語言的秘密。根據(jù)“to something...is the secret to language learning.”結(jié)合備選詞匯可知聽一些有趣的東西是學習語言的秘密，此處用于形容詞作定語修飾代詞，interesting符合，故填interesting。

43．

句意：我還學會了一些有用的句子，比如“這是小菜一碟”或“你活該”。根據(jù)“sentences ”結(jié)合備選詞匯可知此處指的是有用的，useful作定語修飾名詞，故填useful。

44．

句意：但因為我想理解這個故事，我就查了字典。根據(jù)上文提到的句子可知，此處指的是在字典里查句子，且空處位于動詞后，應用they的賓格them，故填them。

45．

句意：我想學習新單詞和更多的語法，這樣我就能更好地理解英語電影。根據(jù)“I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a...understanding of English movies.”可知此處是指更好的理解英語電影，這里暗含比較之意，應用good的比較級better，故填better。

（四）（2022·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）

請認真閱讀下面短文，從方框中選擇適當?shù)膯卧~或短語，在橫線上填入其正確形式。每個單詞或短語僅用一次。

Mom often says, “Cooking is an important skill, and it can be fun!” But I had no interest in cooking at all ___44___ I met with a cooking app（應用軟件）. There are different kinds of recipes（菜譜）in the app. They offer detailed instructions ___45___ users can follow them step by step. Most of them even include photos or videos, which are quite useful for beginners. Last week, I picked up a popular recipe to cook fish. When I ___46___, it was exactly what I wanted and tasted delicious. Then I tried more recipes. Now I can cook a couple of ___47___. I find cooking is great fun and it seems that I ___48___ cooking. My plan is to invite my friends over next weekend and show them my new skills. I hope they will like my cooking.

【答案】44．until

45．so that

46．finished

47．dishes

48．have a gift for

【解析】

【導語】

本文是一篇記敘文，作者介紹自己愛上烹飪的過程。

44．

句意：但我沒有興趣做飯，直到我遇到了一個烹飪應用軟件。根據(jù)“But I had no interest in cooking at all... I met with a cooking app.”可知，直到遇到一個烹飪應用軟件才對做飯產(chǎn)生了興趣，“否定詞+until”表示“直到……才”，引導時間狀語從句，故填until。

45．

句意：它們提供的詳細說明，以便用戶可以逐步遵循這些規(guī)則。“users can follow them step by step”是“They offer detailed instructions”的目的，用so that引導目的狀語從句，故填so that。

46．

句意：當我結(jié)束的時候，這正是我想要的，味道很好。根據(jù)“When I..., it was exactly what I wanted and tasted delicious.”可知，做完發(fā)現(xiàn)正是自己想要的，finish“結(jié)束”，時態(tài)是一般過去時，動詞用過去式，故填finished。

47．

句意：現(xiàn)在我能做幾道菜了。根據(jù)“Then I tried more recipes. Now I can cook a couple of...”可知，試了更多的菜譜，所以能做幾道菜了，dish“菜”，a couple of修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，故填dishes。

48．

句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)烹飪很有趣，似乎我有烹飪的天賦。根據(jù)“I find cooking is great fun and it seems that I...cooking.”可知，作者有烹飪的天賦，have a gift for“對……有天賦”，故填have a gift for。

（五）（2022·江西·中考真題）

請先閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所給詞的適當形式填空，并將答案填寫到答題卡的相應位置。每個詞限用一次。

Wang Yaping is an astronaut. In 2013, she became the second Chinese woman to travel to ___47___. She is also famous for a physics class televised for more than 60 million people.Wang trained very hard for many years ___48___ an astronaut. The hardest part was ___49___training. Wearing a spacesuit and carrying special and ___50___equipment(裝備), she walked several kilometers through the ___51___ and sandy desert. “Sometimes it was so windy and dusty(布滿灰塵的),” she says, “that we couldn’t ___52___each other even though we were just a few meters away.”

Wang ___53___ her job. She remembers watching the first ___54___ astronaut go into space. “I was so proud and also very excited. But ___55___ I watched it, a thought came into my mind: We have men pilots and women pilots; and ___56___ a man astronaut. When will there be a ___57___ astronaut? And today, it’s me becoming one of the first few.”

【答案】47．space

48．to be

49．desert

50．heavy

51．hot

52．see

53．loves

54．Chinese

55．when

56．then

57．woman

【解析】

【導語】

本文主要講述了宇航員王亞平憑著自己的刻苦訓練和堅持成為一名女宇航員的勵志故事。

47．

句意：2013年，她成為第二個進入太空的中國女性。根據(jù)“she became the second Chinese woman to travel to”及備選詞可知，成為第二個進入太空的中國女性，space“太空”，故填space。

48．

句意：為了成為一名宇航員，王刻苦訓練了很多年。根據(jù)“Wang trained very hard for many years … an astronaut”可知，刻苦訓練是為了成為宇航員，be“成為”，動詞不定式作目的狀語，故填to be。

49．

句意：最難的部分是沙漠訓練。根據(jù)下文“she walked several kilometers through the… and sandy desert”可知，最難在于沙漠訓練，desert“沙漠”，故填desert。

50．

句意：她穿著宇航服，攜帶著特殊而沉重的設(shè)備，在炎熱的沙漠中走了幾公里。根據(jù)“carrying special and … equipment”及備選詞可知，攜帶著特殊而沉重的設(shè)備，heavy“沉重的”，形容詞作定語，故填heavy。

51．

句意：她穿著宇航服，攜帶著特殊而沉重的設(shè)備，在炎熱的沙漠中走了幾公里。根據(jù)“walked several kilometers through the… and sandy desert”可知，在炎熱的沙漠中走幾公里，hot“炎熱的”，故填hot。

52．

句意：即使我們只有幾米遠，我們也看不到對方。根據(jù)“Sometimes it was so windy and dusty”及“we couldn’t … each other even though we were just a few meters away”可知，沙漠布滿灰塵，即使很近也看不到對方，see“看見”，couldn’t后接動詞原形，故填see。

53．

句意：王亞平熱愛她的工作。根據(jù)“I was so proud and also very excited”可知，看到第一個進入太空的場景感到興奮，由此可推斷出她熱愛這份工作，love“熱愛”，句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，動詞用三單，故填loves。

54．

句意：她還記得第一個中國宇航員進入太空的情景。根據(jù)“She remembers watching the first…astronaut go into space”可知，此處指第一個進入太空的中國宇航員，Chinese“中國的”，故填Chinese。

55．

句意：但當我看它的時候，一個想法進入了我的腦海?？崭袢鄙僖粋€連詞連接兩個分句，備選詞when“當……時”符合，故填when。

56．

句意：我們有男飛行員和女飛行員; 然后是一個宇航員。根據(jù)“We have men pilots and women pilots; and … a man astronaut”及備選詞可知，接著才是宇航員，then“然后”符合，故填then。

57．

句意：什么時候?qū)信詈絾T？根據(jù)“We have men pilots and women pilots; and…a man astronaut”可知，有了男宇航員，想著什么時候能有女宇航員，woman“女人”，名詞作定語，故填woman。

（六）（2022·山東泰安·中考真題）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空，使文章通順完整。（每詞限用一次）

Cooking is supposed to be the most basic living skill for humans. However, there are many kids who are used to being fed and taken ____37____ of everywhere like “l(fā)ittle emperors and little princesses”. They can’t tell the ____38____between food materials like leeks（韭菜）and shallots（小蔥）.

In order to stress（強調(diào)）the importance of hard-working spirit education ____39____ students, the Communist Party of China Central Committee recently released（發(fā)布）the guidelines. The guidelines call for students to respect labor（勞動）work. Students should learn basic life skills and develop good working ____40____through such education.

Students will be ____41____ to understand and master the basics of home cooking from preparing vegetables to ____42____being able to complete the whole process of home cooking independently. These will be lifelong skills for kids, helping them develop into well-rounded individuals（個體）not just students who ____43____able to take exams.

As children’s ____44____ teachers, parents should also encourage children to learn ____45____ to do chores at home. Students should master one or two life skills every year. These skills can include cooking, washing their own clothes and tidying their rooms.

It’s really important for students to take labor education ____46____ at school and at home.

【答案】37．care

38．differences##difference

39．among

40．habits

41．required

42．finally

43．are

44．first

45．how

46．both

【解析】

【導語】

本文主要介紹了國家發(fā)布關(guān)于讓學生們重視和尊重勞動的指導方針，從老師和家長角度作出了相應的建議。

37．

句意：然而，有很多孩子習慣了像“小皇帝和小公主”一樣到處都有人喂，有人照顧。根據(jù)“taken … of everywhere”及備選詞可知，此處用take care of表示“照顧”，故填care。

38．

句意：他們分不清韭菜和青蔥這類食物。根據(jù)“They can’t tell the…between food materials like leeks（韭菜）and shallots”及備選詞可知，分不清韭菜和青蔥，difference“差異”，此空可以填單數(shù)名詞，也可以填復數(shù)名詞，故填differences/difference。

39．

句意：為了強調(diào)對學生進行勤奮精神教育的重要性。根據(jù)“In order to stress（強調(diào)）the importance of hard-working spirit education …students”及備選詞可知，在學生中強調(diào)這個重要性，among“在……之中”，故填among。

40．

句意：通過這樣的教育，學生應該學會基本的生活技能，養(yǎng)成良好的學習習慣。根據(jù)“develop good working”及備選詞可知，培養(yǎng)好的習慣，habit“習慣”，此空應填名詞復數(shù)形式，故填habits。

41．

句意：從準備蔬菜到最終能夠獨立完成家庭烹飪的整個過程，學生將被要求了解和掌握家庭烹飪的基本知識。根據(jù)“Students will be … to understand and master the basics of home cooking”及備選詞可知，要求學生掌握這些技能，require“需要”，此處是被動語態(tài)，故此空應填過去分詞，故填required。

42．

句意：從準備蔬菜到最終能夠獨立完成家庭烹飪的整個過程，學生將被要求了解和掌握家庭烹飪的基本知識。根據(jù)“from preparing vegetables to … being able to complete the whole process of home cooking independently”及備選詞可知，此處指最終獨立完成整個過程，副詞finally“最終”作狀語，故填finally。

43．

句意：這些將是孩子們終身的技能，幫助他們發(fā)展成為全面發(fā)展的個體，而不僅僅是能夠參加考試的學生。be able to do sth“能夠做某事”，句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，先行詞students是復數(shù)形式，be動詞用are，故填are。

44．

句意：作為孩子的啟蒙老師，家長也應該鼓勵孩子學會如何在家做家務。根據(jù)“As children’s… teachers, parents should also encourage”及常識可知，家長是孩子們的啟蒙老師，first teacher“啟蒙老師”，故填first。

45．

句意：作為孩子的啟蒙老師，家長也應該鼓勵孩子學會如何在家做家務。此空缺少引導詞引導賓語從句，備選詞how符合，故填how。

46．

句意：對于學生來說，在學校和家里接受勞動教育都是非常重要的。根據(jù)“at school and at home”可知，此處用both…and表示“……和……都”，故填both。

（七）（2022·山西·中考真題）

請閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，用方框中所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文通順、連貫。方框中有兩個詞為多余項。

It was Friday afternoon. After getting off the school bus, Laura ran into the house ___45___.

“How was school, Laura?” asked ___46___ mom.

“It was great, Mom. Labor Day(勞動節(jié)) is coming. I am excited that I ___47___ no school next Monday!”

Laura was woken up early on Labor Day morning by her dad. He said that in honor of(紀念) Labor Day, the family planned ___48___ some cleaning. Laura couldn’t believe it. She began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.

“Laura, your breakfast is ready. We have many ___49___to do today. Let’s get a move on,” said Laura’s mom. Laura asked her parents, “Are you serious about working today? Isn’t Labor Day a holiday?”

“Yes, Laura, it is,” replied her dad. “But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you realize why Labor Day ___50___in the beginning.”

Laura disliked the plan, but she had no choice. First, she was asked to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, her dad ___51___her to give their dog a bath. It was a hard task, which needed a lot of careful work. She began the work unhappily.

But things began to change as she was doing the chores. She found it was so ___52___ with so many soap bubbles(泡泡) when she brushed the dog. Then it was yard work and she helped to pick up sticks. When she finished her chores, Laura felt happy to see the yard looked much ___53___ than before.

Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Doing something ___54___ can also get special pleasure. Maybe this is the spirit of Labor Day.

【答案】45．happily

46．her

47．will have##am going to have##am having

48．to do

49．things

50．was celebrated

51．told

52．interesting

53．cleaner

54．meaningful

【解析】

【導語】

本文是一篇記敘文，介紹勞拉一家在勞動節(jié)這天的生活。假期不一定是為了娛樂或休息，做一些有意義的事情也可以得到特殊的樂趣，也許這就是勞動節(jié)的精神。

45．

句意：下車后，勞拉高興地跑進了房子。根據(jù)“Laura ran into the house”可知，此處需要副詞修飾動詞，結(jié)合后文明天不上學，所以勞拉很高興，故填happily。

46．

句意：“學校怎么樣，勞拉？”媽媽問。此處指勞拉的媽媽，用形容詞性物主代詞her修飾，故填her。

47．

句意：我很興奮，下周一我就不用上學了！根據(jù)“I am excited that I...no school next Monday”可知，下周一不上學，選擇have；根據(jù)“next Monday”可知，時態(tài)是一般將來時，此處也可用現(xiàn)在進行時表將來，故填will have/am going to have/am having。

48．

句意：他說，為了慶祝勞動節(jié)，全家打算打掃衛(wèi)生。do some cleaning“打掃衛(wèi)生”，plan to do sth“打算做某事”，故填to do。

49．

句意：今天我們有很多事情要做。根據(jù)“We have many...to do today.”可知，有很多事要做，many修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，故填things。

50．

句意：但是你媽媽和我以為今天努力工作就會讓你明白為什么一開始要慶祝勞動節(jié)。主語是動作的承受者，時態(tài)是一般過去時，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故填was celebrated。

51．

句意：在那之后，她爸爸讓她給他們的狗洗澡。根據(jù)“her dad...her to give their dog a bath”可知，爸爸讓勞拉給狗洗澡，時態(tài)是一般過去時，動詞用過去式，故填told。

52．

句意：當她刷狗狗的時候，她發(fā)現(xiàn)有這么多的肥皂泡是很有趣的。根據(jù)“She found it was so...with so many soap bubbles”可知，勞拉覺得肥皂泡很有趣，故填interesting。

53．

句意：做完家務后，勞拉很高興看到院子比以前干凈多了。根據(jù)“Laura felt happy to see the yard looked much...than before”可知，做完家務會更干凈，此處用形容詞比較級作表語，故填cleaner。

54．

句意：做一些有意義的事情也可以得到特殊的樂趣。根據(jù)“Doing something...can also get special pleasure.”可知，做有意義的事情能得到特殊的樂趣，故填meaningful。

（八）（2022·陜西·中考真題）

用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空，使短文完整正確。(每個單詞限用一次，每空限填一個單詞。)

In October 2021, a local newspaper told a story of a common man, Jia Shuangdeng. He ____41____ from Shaanxi Province. He not only works hard but has helped many deaf people ____42____ a better life as well.At the age of 14, something ____43____ happened to Jia and turned him into a deaf person. Sad and heartbroken, he had to leave school and learned by ____44____ at home for more than two years. Later, with other____45____ help, he cheered up and made a living by making shoes. He ____46____many diffculties but he faced them bravely and kept on working hard. ____47____his shoes became popular and sold well. After a few years, he started his own factory and it was ____48____ However, he didn’t forget those who had helped him. So he decided to help the people in need. These years, he has offered many deaf people chances to work.

What he did has benefited (有益于) lots of deaf people. “The person I want to thank ____49____ in my life is Mr. Jia. Thanks to him, I’ve got a good job and have a happy life now. He always tells us although we are disabled, we can also ______50______ our dreams by working hard,” said Xie Ting, who was helped by Jia.

【答案】41．is

42．live

43．unlucky

44．himself

45．people’s

46．met

47．Finally

48．successful

49．most

50．achieve

【解析】

【導語】

本文主要講述了賈雙登的故事，14歲時他成為了一個聾人，但是通過他的努力，他獲得了成功，之后他繼續(xù)幫助需要幫助的人。

41．

句意：他來自陜西省。根據(jù)“from Shaanxi”以及所給詞可知是短語“be from來自”，描述客觀情況，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是he，be動詞用is。故填is。

42．

句意：他不僅努力工作，還幫助許多聾人過上了更好的生活。根據(jù)“ but has helped many deaf people…a better life as well”以及所給詞可知是幫助其他聾人過更好的生活，live“生活”，help sb. do sth.“幫助某人做某事”。故填live。

43．

句意：14歲時，不幸的事發(fā)生在他身上，把他變成了聾人。根據(jù)“turned him into a deaf person”以及所給詞可知不幸的事發(fā)生在他身上，修飾不定代詞something用形容詞unlucky“不幸的”作后置定語。故填unlucky。

44．

句意：悲痛欲絕，他不得不輟學在家中自學了兩年多。根據(jù)“l(fā)eave school and learned by”以及所給詞可知是在家自學，by oneself“獨自”，此處用反身代詞himself“他自己”。故填himself。

45．

句意：后來，在其他人的幫助下，他振作起來，以做鞋為生。根據(jù)“other...help”以及所給詞可知是在其他人的幫助下，修飾名詞用名詞所有格people’s“人們的”。故填people’s。

46．

句意：他經(jīng)歷了許多困難，但他勇敢地面對它們并繼續(xù)努力工作。根據(jù)“ many diffculties but he faced them bravely”以及所給詞可知遇到了很多困難，meet“遇見”，描述過去的動作，用一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填met。

47．

句意：最終，他的鞋變得很受歡迎而且賣的很好。根據(jù)“his shoes became popular and sold well”以及所給詞可知經(jīng)過努力工作之后，他的鞋終于變得受歡迎，修飾整個句子用副詞finally“最終”，放句首首字母大寫。故填Finally。

48．

句意：幾年后，他開了自己的工廠并且很成功。根據(jù)“he started his own factory and it was”以及所給詞可知他的工廠很成功，作表語用形容詞successful“成功的”。故填successful。

49．

句意：我人生中最想感謝的人就是賈先生。根據(jù)“The person I want to thank”以及所給詞可知是最想感謝的人，用副詞的最高級most“最”。故填most。

50．

句意：他總是告訴我們雖然我們是殘疾人，但我們也可以通過努力實現(xiàn)我們的夢想。根據(jù)“our dreams by working hard”以及所給詞可知是實現(xiàn)自己的夢想，achieve“實現(xiàn)”，情態(tài)動詞后加動詞原形。故填achieve。

（九）（2022·四川成都·中考真題）

When the other models appeared on the stage, the audience cheered and clapped. Then it was Niu’s turn. The audience suddenly became __51__. However, after four or five seconds, Niu __52__ heard someone next to the stage say in admiration, “So cool!”

Niu Yu, 24, became a(n) __53__ star at Shanghai Fashion Week for her confidence, even though she was wearing a prosthetic leg. When Niu was only 11, she __54__ lost her right leg during the Wenchuan Earthquake.

Niu has won lots of praise. This gives those who have prejudice(偏見) against the disabled a hit on the nose.

“I__55__ by something they said. They said the traditional view was that sports were for people with __56__ legs, but sports should be a kind of spirit. Even though I have lost a leg, I still deeply love sports and will do so forever,” Niu said. Actually, Niu first drew the public's attention when she__57__ a marathon—a 42-kilometer race in 2018, which was held in Wenchuan to mark the __58__ anniversary(周年紀念) of the earthquake.

Now, Niu works as a photographer and has more than 850, 000 __59__ on social platforms, such as Douyin. “I feel I have a social responsibility to bridge the disabled and the public. Showing my life to the public can allow them to ___60___ understand our group and can also tell other disabled people that our society is more tolerant(寬容) than they imagined,” she explained.

【答案】51．silent

52．clearly

53．shining  

54．unluckily   

55．was touched 

56．healthy   

57．completed  

58．tenth 

59．followers

60．better##well

【解析】

【導語】

本文介紹了24歲的殘疾人牛雨因為自信而成為上海時裝周上一顆耀眼的明星，介紹了她的一些經(jīng)歷。

51．

句意：觀眾突然安靜下來。became后接形容詞作表語，結(jié)合選詞及“When the other models appeared on the stage, the audience cheered and clapped.”及“suddenly”可知，此處指的是“突然安靜了”，故填silent。

52．

句意：然而，四、五秒鐘后，牛清楚地聽到舞臺旁邊的人贊賞地說：“太酷了！”根據(jù)“heard someone next to the stage say in admiration, “So cool!” ”及選詞可知，此處用副詞修飾動詞， 指的是“清楚地聽到”，故填clearly。

53．

句意：24歲的牛雨因為自信而成為上海時裝周上一顆耀眼的明星，盡管她戴著一條假腿?？仗幮揎椘浜蟮拿~，應用形容詞作定語，結(jié)合選詞可知，此處指的是“耀眼的明星”，故填shining。

54．

句意：牛只有11歲的時候，在汶川地震中不幸失去了右腿。根據(jù)“l(fā)ost her right leg”及選詞可知，失去右腿是不幸地，空處修飾動詞，應用副詞形式，故填unluckily 。

55．

句意：我被他們說的話感動了。根據(jù)“by something they said”及選詞可知，牛被他們的話感動了，主語與動詞之間是被動關(guān)系，應用被動語態(tài)，描述過去的事情，應用一般過去時的被動，故填was touched。

56．

句意：運動是為了腿部健康的人，但運動應該是一種精神。根據(jù)“the traditional view was that sports were for people”及選詞和常識可知，傳統(tǒng)的觀念認為運動是有健康的腿的人們才能做的，空處用形容詞修飾其后的名詞，故填healthy。

57．

句意：事實上，牛在2018年完成了一場42公里的馬拉松比賽時，第一次引起了公眾的注意。句子缺少謂語，空處應填動詞，結(jié)合選詞及“a marathon”可知，此處指的是“完成馬拉松”，發(fā)生在過去的動作，動詞用過去式，故填completed。

58．

句意：這場比賽在汶川舉行，以紀念地震十周年?？仗幮揎?/span>“anniversary(周年紀念) of the earthquake”，結(jié)合選詞可知，此處用序數(shù)詞tenth“第十”修飾，故填tenth。

59．

句意：現(xiàn)在，牛是一名攝影師，在抖音等社交平臺上擁有超過85萬粉絲。根據(jù)“more than 850, 000...on social platforms, such as Douyin”及選詞可知，擁有85萬多追隨者，此處名詞用復數(shù)形式，故填followers。

60．

句意：向公眾展示我的生活可以讓他們更好/更好地了解我們的群體?？仗幮揎梽釉~“understand”，應用副詞形式，此處也可以表示暗含著與之前的比較，故可以用副詞原級，也可以用比較級形式，故填better/well。

（十）（2022·四川達州·中考真題）

用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空，使短文完整、通順。每詞限用一次。

What color is a tennis ball? Ask your classmates, and they might give you some ___51___ answers.

The Atlantic asked 30, 000 people this question. Among the people surveyed, 52 percent said tennis balls are green, 42 percent said yellow, and 6 percent said ___52___ else.

According to the International Tennis Federation, tennis balls ___53___ yellow. So, why do most people say that they’re green?

When we ___54___ see an object in natural light, our brains recognize its true color. Even if the object ___55___in different kinds of light later, our brains can still tell its true color. ___56___call this color constancy (色彩恒常性). For example, we know that China’s flag is red. When we see it during sunset or under purple light, we still know that it is red, even if it looks like a different color.

However, the color of a tennis ball is not as pure (純的) as the flag. It appears to be a mixture of yellow, a “warm” color, and green, a “cool” color.

The US-based magazine says that when ___57___brains try to figure out what color the ball is, some people ignore (忽略) cool colors like green, blue and purple. So they see the ball as yellow. ___58___ignore warm colors, such as red, yellow and orange. They see the ball as green.

It is not just tennis balls that make such confusion. In 2015, a girl ___59___ a picture of a dress online. Some people said the dress was black and blue ___60___ other people said it was gold and white. They had different opinions based on whether they ignored cool or warm colors.

【答案】51．surprising

52．something

53．are

54．first

55．is seen

56．Scientists

57．our

58．Others

59．posted

60．while

【解析】

【導語】

本文是一篇說明文，向我們科普色彩恒常性，不同的人看同一事物，看到的顏色是不一樣的。

51．

句意：問問你的同學，他們可能會給你一些令人驚訝的答案。根據(jù)“What color is a tennis ball? Ask your classmates, and they might give you some...answers.”可知，此處需要形容詞作定語，簡單的問題可能會給出令人驚訝的答案，surprising“令人驚訝的”，修飾物，故填surprising。

52．

句意：在被調(diào)查者中，52%的人認為網(wǎng)球是綠色的，42%的人認為是黃色的，6%的人認為是其他顏色的。根據(jù)“Among the people surveyed, 52 percent said tennis balls are green, 42 percent said yellow, and 6 percent said...else.”可知，不同的人給出不同的答案，用于肯定句中，something else“其他的”，故填something。

53．

句意：根據(jù)國際網(wǎng)球聯(lián)合會的說法，網(wǎng)球是黃色的。根據(jù)“According to the International Tennis Federation, tennis balls...yellow.”可知，此處需要系動詞作謂語，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是復數(shù)，故填are。

54．

句意：當我們第一次在自然光下看到一個物體時，我們的大腦會識別出它的真實顏色。根據(jù)“When we...see an object in natural light, our brains recognize its true color.”可知，此處需要副詞修飾動詞，first“第一次”符合語境，故填first。

55．

句意：即使后來在不同的光線下看到這個物體，我們的大腦仍然可以分辨出它的真實顏色。根據(jù)“Even if the object...in different kinds of light later, our brains can still tell its true color.”可知，是看到物體，選擇see，主語是動作的承受者，用被動語態(tài)，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是單數(shù)，故填is seen。

56．

句意：科學家稱這種現(xiàn)象為色彩恒常性。根據(jù)“...call this color constancy (色彩恒常性).”可知，科學家稱之為色彩恒常性，science“科學”，scientist“科學家”，謂語是動詞原形，所以主語為復數(shù)，故填Scientists。

57．

句意：這家總部位于美國的雜志稱，當我們的大腦試圖判斷球是什么顏色時，有些人會忽略綠色、藍色和紫色等冷色。根據(jù)“The US-based magazine says that when...brains try to figure out what color the ball is”可知，此處缺少定語，we“我們”，our“我們的”符合語境，故填our。

58．

句意：還有一些人忽略了暖色，比如紅色、黃色和橙色。前句介紹一些人的情況，根據(jù)“...ignore warm colors, such as red, yellow and orange.”可知，這里介紹其他人的情況，others“其他人”符合語境，故填Others。

59．

句意：2015年，一個女孩在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布了一張裙子的照片。根據(jù)“In 2015, a girl...a picture of a dress online.”可知，此處需要動詞作謂語，是發(fā)布照片，post“發(fā)布”，時態(tài)是一般過去時，動詞用過去式，故填posted。

60．

句意：有人說這條裙子是黑藍色的，而其他人說它是白金色的。根據(jù)“Some people said the dress was black and blue...other people said it was gold and white.”可知，前后句意轉(zhuǎn)折，while“然而”符合語境，故填while。

（十一）（2022·浙江寧波·中考真題）

用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空，每詞僅用一次 (每空一詞)。

Laughter is good for you, and that’s no joke! A good laugh helps you right away. When you laugh, changes ___46___in your body. For example, you take in ___47___ air than usual, which is good for your heart. A good laugh increases your heart rate. When you laugh, your brain also releases (釋放) chemicals that make you feel happy. Laughing can also make you feel relaxed for up to 45 minutes.Laughter can ___48___ reduce pain. You probably don’t want to chuckle (偷笑) when you’re hurt, but laughter helps the body make its own ___49___ medicine. Laughing is also great exercise! Research ___50___ that laughing 100 times is as good as riding a bike for 15 minutes.

So why don’t you try laughing out loud every day?

【答案】46．happen

47．more

48．also

49．natural

50．shows

【解析】

【導語】

本文主要講述了大笑的好處。

46．

句意：當你笑的時候，你的身體會發(fā)生變化。根據(jù)“changes”和備選詞匯可知，發(fā)生變化，主語是復數(shù)，動詞用原形；故填happen。

47．

句意：例如，你比平時吸入更多的空氣，這對你的心臟有好處。根據(jù)“than”和備選詞匯可知，需要更多的空氣，much的比較級是more；故填more。

48．

句意：笑也可以減輕疼痛。根據(jù)“reduce pain”和備選詞匯可知，此處談論大笑的其他好處，also“也”符合句意；故填also。

49．

句意：當你受傷的時候，你可能不想笑，但是笑可以幫助身體制造自己的天然藥物。根據(jù)“medicine”和備選詞匯可知，需要一個形容詞，應該是制造天然的藥物，nature的形容詞是natural；故填natural。

50．

句意：研究表明，笑100次和騎15分鐘自行車一樣有效。根據(jù)“l(fā)aughing 100 times is as good as riding a bike for 15 minutes”和備選詞匯可知，是研究結(jié)果，show“展示”，句子時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，主語是單數(shù)，動詞用三單形式，shows符合句意；故填shows。

（十二）（2022·四川遂寧·中考真題）

根據(jù)語境，從方框中選擇恰當?shù)膯卧~填空，并將正確答案填在短文后的橫線上。

The World Health Organization(WHO) was ____51____in 1948. In the past 74 years, the WHO has greatly improved health conditions of the world, ____52____ in developing countries. It cures, prevents and controls serious diseases (疾病), and educates people about ____53____ to protect their health. It has helped ____54____people by training doctors and nurses, and by teaching mothers how to take better care of their children. China is one of the first members. It offers help to the countries in need. So China has played an important ____55____in dealing with the health problems.

【答案】51．set up

52．especially

53．how

54．millions of

55．part

【解析】

【導語】

本文主要介紹了世界衛(wèi)生組織的發(fā)展史以及它的作用。

51．

句意：世界衛(wèi)生組織成立于1948年。 根據(jù)“The World Health Organization(WHO) was…in 1948”及備選詞可知，此處介紹世界衛(wèi)生組織成立的時間，was與過去分詞set up構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，故填set up。

52．

句意：在過去的74年里，世界衛(wèi)生組織大大改善了世界衛(wèi)生狀況，特別是發(fā)展中國家的衛(wèi)生狀況。根據(jù)“in developing countries”可知，此處強調(diào)尤其是發(fā)展中國家的衛(wèi)生狀況，especially“尤其，特別”，故填especially。

53．

句意：它治療、預防和控制嚴重的疾病，并教育人們?nèi)绾伪Ｗo自己的健康。根據(jù)“educates people about … to protect their health”可知，教育人們?nèi)绾伪Ｗo自己的健康，故填how。

54．

句意：它通過培訓醫(yī)生和護士，以及教母親如何更好地照顧自己的孩子，幫助了數(shù)百萬人。根據(jù)“It has helped … people by training doctors”可知，此處介紹幫助的人數(shù)，millions of“數(shù)百萬的”，故填millions of。

55．

句意：因此，中國在應對健康問題方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。play an important part in“在……中起到重要作用”，故填part。

（十三）（2022·四川瀘州·中考真題）

通讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后面的括號內(nèi)選出可以填入短文空格處的詞，并將該詞的字母代號（不寫出該詞）填寫在答題卡相應的位置上。

Night came, noises calmed down and the Mexican sports center of the Olympics stood quiet in darkness.

Greenspan, the world famous reporter, found the center ___56___ after making the scenes where the marathon（馬拉松）winners received the medals and marked the victory. It was time for him to return to the hotel for a rest. He was about to leave when he suddenly saw a bandaged man ran into the center with his right ___57___ bleeding. This man ran lamely（一瘸一拐的）out of breath, but he didn’t ___58___. After he ran along the runway for a circle and got to the ___59___, he fell down on the ground.

Greenspan guessed this was a marathon runner. Feeling interested, he went over to ask why the runner wanted to run to the goal with ___60___ a difficulty. The young man ___61___ Kowari from Tanzania replied, “That my country sent me here from more than 20,000 kilometers is not to let me get off the mark in the competition, but to make me complete the game. I want to run to the goal, ___62___ I have fallen behind all other runners. I have a great goal ___63___ them. I will run to the goal. Though the audience（觀眾）won’t cheer me any more, my motherland is watching me ___64___ from behind…”

Tears welled up in Greenspan’s eyes. Soon, he ___65___the most touching scene in the history of the Olympic Games to every corner of the world.

（A．called  B．closely   C．leg  D．empty  E. goal   F. like   G. stop   H. spread   I. such   J. though）

【答案】56．D

57．C

58．G

59．E

60．I

61．A

62．J

63．F

64．B

65．H

【解析】

【導語】

本文通過來自坦桑尼亞名叫艾克瓦里的馬拉松選手最后堅持跑完全程的故事告訴我們?nèi)松鷳摀碛械桥R封頂?shù)膲粝搿?/span>

56．

句意：世界著名記者格林斯潘在拍攝馬拉松冠軍們領(lǐng)取獎牌和慶祝勝利的場面后，發(fā)現(xiàn)中間空蕩蕩的。根據(jù)“Night came, noises calmed down”可知，現(xiàn)在的運動場地中心空蕩蕩，empty“空的”符合，故選D。

57．

句意：他正要離開，突然看到一個裹著繃帶的人跑進中心，右腿流血。根據(jù)“This man ran lamely（一瘸一拐的）out of breath”可知，腿部受傷了，leg“腿”，故選C。

58．

句意：這個人一瘸一拐地跑著，上氣不接下氣，但他沒有停下來。根據(jù)“After he ran along the runway for a circle”可知，盡管受傷了，但是他還在跑，沒有停下來，stop“停止”，故選G。

59．

句意：當他沿著跑道跑了一圈到達終點后，他倒在了地上。 根據(jù)“After he ran along the runway for a circle and got to the”及“run to the goal”可知，到達了終點才停下來，goal“終點”，故選E。

60．

句意：他感到很有興趣，就走過去問為什么跑者要這么困難地跑到目標。此空應填入一個詞可以修飾名詞difficulty，備選詞such“如此”符合，故選I。

61．

句意：來自坦桑尼亞的年輕人回答道。根據(jù)“The young man… Kowari from Tanzania replied”可知，這個年輕人叫做Kowari，called“稱呼為”，故選A。

62．

句意：我想跑向終點，盡管我已經(jīng)落在了所有其他人后面。“I want to run to the goal”與“I have fallen behind all other runners”是讓步關(guān)系，用though引導讓步狀語從句，故選J。

63．

句意：我和他們一樣有一個偉大的目標。根據(jù)“I have a great goal … them”可知，像其他運動員一樣都有偉大的目標，like“像”，故選F。

64．

句意：雖然觀眾不再為我歡呼，但我的祖國正密切地注視著我。根據(jù)“my motherland is watching me… from behind”及備選詞可知，祖國都會密切關(guān)注自己國家的運動員的表現(xiàn)，closely“密切地”，故選B。

65．

句意：很快，他把奧運歷史上最動人的一幕傳播到了世界的每一個角落。根據(jù)“the most touching scene in the history of the Olympic Games to every corner of the world”可知，把這感人的一幕傳到了每個角落，spread“傳播”，故選H。