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【表達(dá)積累】文化(3)

 白鶴云軒 2022-12-04 發(fā)布于廣東

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飲食文化

各大菜系 major styles of cooking / cuisine

粽 子 Zongzi: a pyramid-shaped dumpling made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves (eaten on the Dragon Boat Festival)

月餅 moon cake

蜜餞 candied preserved fruit / sweetened preserved plums

豆沙 sweet bean paste

蛋黃 egg yolk

咸蛋黃 marinated egg yolk

海鮮 seafood

扇貝 scallop

大蔥 scallion

蔥 green onion

肉餡 minced meat

魚糜 minced fillet

蝦糜 minced shrimp

餃子 Jiaozi boiled dumpling

八寶飯 8-treasure rice

鯉魚 carp

青魚 black carp

草魚 grass carp

歐洲鯽魚 crucian carp

鯽魚 golden carp

鱸魚 bass

桂魚 Chinese perch

石斑魚 garoupa

三文魚/ 大麻哈魚 salmon

金槍魚 tuna

鱈魚 cod

年糕 rice cake - year cake

胡桃 walnut

飯票, 餐券 meal ticket

涮羊肉 thin slices of mutton for boiling in a hot pot

芝麻 sesame

油條 deep-fried dough sticks

醬油 soy sauce

綠豆 mung beans

油餅 deep-fried dough cake

湯 soup

菜 dish

豆?jié){ soybean milk

蓋交飯 rice served with meat and veggies on top

香菜 cilantro (Chinese parsley cilantro/ coriander)

粉絲 glass noodles; vermicelli made from bean starch, etc.

饅頭 steamed buns

花卷 steamed twisted rolls

包子 steamed stuffed buns

肉包子 steamed bun with meat filling

肉餡 meat filling

豆沙包 steamed bun filled with bean paste

豆沙餡 bean-paste filling

春卷 spring roll ( a thin sheet of dough,stuffed, rolled and fried)

包餃子 making Chinese dumplings

案板 kneading board

搟面杖 rolling pin

餡 stuffing; filling

面團(tuán)兒 dough

餃子皮 dumpling wrappers

餛飩皮 wonton wrappers

網(wǎng)篩 wire strainer

蒸籠 bamboo (food) steamer

鍋貼 pot sticker

燒賣 shaomai (a steamed dumpling with the dough gathered at the top)

蔥餅 scallion pancake

推棍兒 pancake spreader

甜面醬 sweet sauce made of fermented flour

北京烤鴨 Beijing roast duck

面條 noodles

拉面 hand-stretched noodles; ramen

方便面 instant noodle

掛面 fine dried noodles

炒面 fried noodles

涼面 cold noodles in sauce

餛飩 wonton (dumplings in soup)

刀削面 shaved noodles

米粉 rice flour

面粉 wheat flour

烤面包 toast

果醬 jam

三明治 sandwich

熱狗 hot dog

漢堡包 hamburger

糖納滋 doughnut

百吉餅、面包圈 bagel

高粱飴 sorghum candy

酒心糖 liqueur-filled candy

口香糖 chewing gum

泡泡糖 bubble gum

山楂片 haw flakes

糖炒栗子 chestnuts roast (in sand) with brown sugar

爆米花 popcorn

松糕 sponge cake

綠豆粥 mung bean porridge

紅豆粥 red bean porridge

杏核豆腐 almond bean curd

豆腐 tofu(bean curd)

麻花 fried dough twist

薩其馬 egg crisp cake

魷魚 squid

筍 bamboo shoot

筍干 air-dried bamboo shoot

香菇 dried mushroom

草菇 straw mushroom

猴菇 hedgehog mushroom

木耳 wood-ear/ Jew’s ear

白木耳 tremella

冬蟲夏草 Chinese caterpillar fungus

海帶 kelp

紫菜 seaweed

燕窩 bird’s nest

海蜇 jellyfish

海參 sea cucumber

鮑魚 abalone

魚翅 shark’s fin

熊掌 bear’s paw

豆腐泡 beancurd puff

腐乳 fermented beancurd

刀工 cutting technique

切丁 dice

切條 slice

切絲 shred

剁、剁碎 chop

切碎(成泥) mince

方塊 cube

塊 chunk

瓜子 sunflower seeds

蓮藕 lotus root

蓮子 lotus seeds

青蒜,韭蔥 leek

韭菜 Chinese chives / leek

平菇 oyster mushroom

苦瓜 bitter gourd

四季豆、菜豆 string bean, snap bean,green bean

豌豆莢、雪豆莢 snow pea

豆芽 bean sprout

綠豆芽 mung bean sprouts

黃豆芽 soybean sprouts

棗子 Chinese dates

山楂 haw

石榴 pomegranate

彌猴桃、奇異果 kiwi fruit

荔枝 lychee

龍眼 longan

橘子 tangerine

西柚、葡萄柚 grapefruit

佛手瓜 Buddha’s-hand; fingered citron

木瓜 papaya

核桃仁 walnut meat

松子,松人 pine nut kernels

西瓜子 melon seeds

腰果 cashew nut

榛果, 榛子 hazelnut

葡萄 grape

核桃 walnut

谷 grain; cereal

米 rice

long rice 長(zhǎng)米,較硬,煮前先泡一個(gè)小時(shí)

Pudding rice or short rice 短米,較軟

Brown rice 糙米

THAI Fragrant rice 泰國(guó)香米

Glutinous rice 糯米

強(qiáng)力面粉 strong flour

中筋面粉,不含發(fā)酵粉的面粉 plain flour

自發(fā)粉 self- raising flour

小麥面粉 whole meal flour

砂糖 brown sugar

紅糖(感冒時(shí)煮姜湯時(shí)用)dark brown sugar

糖粉 icing sugar

冰糖 rock sugar

醋 vinger

玉米淀粉、太白粉 cornstarch

麥芽糖 maltose

芝麻 sesame seeds

麻油 sesame oil

蠔油 oyster sauce

胡椒 pepper

白胡椒 white pepper

黑胡椒 black pepper

辣椒粉 red chilli powder

芝麻醬 sesame paste

味精 msg (monosodium glutamate)

豆鼓 black bean sauce

大紅豆 red kidney bean

冬菇 dried black mushroom

酸菜 pickled mustard-green

八角、茴香 anise

荸薺、馬蹄 water chestnuts

蝦米 dried shrimps

明蝦 prawn

美食節(jié) gourmet festival

中餐烹飪 Chinese cuisine; Chinese culinary art

色香味形 color, aroma, taste and appearance

四大菜系:four major Chinese cusines:

山東菜 Shangdong cuisine

川菜 Sichuan cuisine

粵菜 Canton cuisine

揚(yáng)州菜 Yangzhou cuisine

南淡北咸 the light southern cuisine and the salty northern cusine

東甜西辣 the sweet eastern cuisine and the spicy western cuisine

八寶飯 eight-treasure rice pudding

風(fēng)味小吃 local delicacy

切片 slice

切絲 shred

切丁 dice

切碎 mince

絞碎 grind

大、旺、武火 high heat

中火 medium heat

小、微、文火 low heat

煎 pan-fry

炒 stir-fry; sauté

爆 quick-fry

炸 deep-fry

燴 stew

熏 smoke

煨, 燉 simmer,stew

煮 boil

烘 bake

烤 bake; roast, grill

架烤 grill; BBQ

蒸 steam

紅燒 braise (with soy sauce)

涮 (羊肉) dip-boil (mutton slices)

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