Good morning, everyone! Welcome to my channel. This is Alva. It’s nice to see you here.

早上好! 歡迎來到我的頻道。我是Alva。很高興在這里看到你。

Today you will be pulled back to the 1960s. Let’s find out some interesting phrases and slangs people might use in the past.

今天，你將被帶到1960年代。讓我們一起找找過去人們可能使用的一些有趣的英語表達(dá)。

Some of the expressions may not be used as often as those trendy ones, but it would definitely be amazing if we could know the way people talked 60 years ago.

其中有些表達(dá)方式可能在今天不會被頻繁使用。但如果我們能知道60年前人們的談話方式是怎樣的，那絕對是充滿樂趣的。

Let’s roll in!

我們開始吧！

A: Hey man... I really like your pad. Those lava lamps are far out! Thanks for letting me crash here tonight.

嘿....我真的很喜歡你的襯墊。那些熔巖燈都是最新型的！謝謝你今晚讓我在這兒睡。

B: It's no problem, brother! I wanted a pad where people could come, listen to music and just hang loose, you dig what I'm saying?

不客氣，兄弟！我原本就希望別人來的時候能夠聽聽音樂，輕松地待著，你明白我說的嗎？ 

A: I dig it man! We could throw a bash here and make it a really happening scene!

我明白！我們可以在這兒開一個舞會，讓你的想法成真。

B: Yeah man, that would be groovy! Hey, I gotta split for a while, are you OK here by yourself?

是的。那一定會很棒！嘿，我要出去一下，你自己一個人在這兒可以嗎？ 

A: Don't worry about me brother... You go take care of business.

別擔(dān)心我，兄弟.....你去忙你的。 

B: Alright, peace out.

好的，再見。

Okey dokey. I hope this dialogue won’t be too hard for to understand since it was old English and full of ambiguous slangs. Let’s look at some tips for pronunciation first.

好嘞。我希望這段對話不會太難理解，因?yàn)樗桥f時期的英語，又充滿了晦澀難懂的俚語。我們先看看有關(guān)發(fā)音的一些小技巧吧。

1. 輔元連讀：r + 元音

English experiences several different kinds of liaison. In vowel-consonant-vowel liaison, the consonant between two vowels is shifted from the end of a word to the beginning of the next.

英語有幾種不同的連讀方式。在元音-輔音-元音連讀中，兩個元音之間的輔音會從一個詞的末尾移到下一個詞的開頭。

Today we are going to learn the liaison with consonant “r”.

今天我們要學(xué)習(xí)的是以輔音字母“r”結(jié)尾的連讀。

對話中：

Those lava lamps are far out!

連讀分析：

Here, “far” ends with the consonant “r” which is pronounced [r(?)], while “out” starts with the diphthong [a?].

比如在這句話中，輔音[r(?)]緊接著一個雙元音[a?]。

We just link the consonant “r” with the following diphthong. To make one’s speaking more natural, here goes “far out” instead of pronouncing two words separately.

在這樣的表達(dá)中，我們只需要把這兩個音連起來就可以了，從而讓整句話的表達(dá)更加自然。

Can you find any other examples with “r” liaison in the dialogue?

在這個對話里，你還可以找到其他帶有字母“r”的連讀嗎？

2. 弱讀 - 中央元音（Schwa sound）[?]

The schwa is a reduced, neutral vowel sound written as an upside-down and backwards “e”. The purpose of schwa is to allow unstressed syllables to be said more quickly so the main beats of spoken words are easier to place on the stressed syllables. 

中央元音就字面意思是一個短小、發(fā)音位置居中的元音。寫作一個倒著的鏡面e。我們使用中央元音是讓非重音節(jié)更快地被說出來，這樣口語的主要節(jié)拍就更容易被放在重音音節(jié)上。

In a nutshell, schwa helps with English stress and makes speaking more rhythmic.

簡而言之，使用中央元音有助于提高英語的重音，使說話更有韻律和節(jié)奏感。

對話中：

Listen to music and just hang loose

It was noted that the speaker, including me unstressed “to” and “and” by using the schwa sound, otherwise it might sound like “l(fā)isten to music and just hang loose”.

例如在這一句話中，同學(xué)們會注意到原對話，包括我，都使用了中央元音來弱化“to”和“and”，否則可能聽起來像“l(fā)isten to music and just hang loose”。

This is to make other words that convey information much more obvious, because functional words like preposition and transitional words sometimes, please be aware that I said “sometimes”, are not what we intend to emphasise.

這是為了使其他傳遞信息的詞語更加明顯，因?yàn)橄?/span>介詞和過渡語這樣的功能性詞匯，有時，請注意我說的是“有時”，并不是我們要強(qiáng)調(diào)的。

Taking the forementioned phrase as an example, when we say, “l(fā)isten to music”, we are stressing “l(fā)isten” and “music” rather than “to”. That’s why we need to have schwa to unstress it.

以前面提到的短語為例，當(dāng)我們說 “聽音樂（listen to music）”時，我們強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“聽（listen）”和“音樂（music）”，而不是“to”。這就是為什么我們需要到中央元音對功能詞進(jìn)行弱化、央化。

Now we are moving to the vocabulary. A bit of boring, isn’t it? Let’s just make it a bit more fun!

現(xiàn)在就讓我們一起來看看單詞部分吧！單詞學(xué)習(xí)可能的確有些枯燥，咱們一起看看怎么把它變得更有趣一點(diǎn)吧～

1. groovy  adj. 時髦的，吸引人的

Please be aware that this word is considered as old-fashioned and informal. It should be okay if we use it to say something fun, such as making a joke.

請大家注意了，這個詞在詞典中被定義為舊的、非正式的語言。所以大家使用的時候一定得當(dāng)心，不過用它來開開玩笑當(dāng)然是沒問題的啦～

Instead, we could use “fashionable, attractive, interesting and etc.” as alternatives.

那有同學(xué)可能會問了，不能使用怎么辦呢？不用擔(dān)心，我們平時可以用“fashionable, attractive, interesting”等詞語來替代 groovy。

2. hang  v. 逗留，徘徊（非正式）

Here is another meaning of hang, which is often used in prepositional phrases, such as hang about/around, meaning to wait or stay near a place, not doing very much.

同學(xué)們印象中的 hang 是不是只有“懸掛”的意思呀。這里我們學(xué)習(xí)到了它另一個意思，通常和 about / around 一起使用，表示“閑逛/逗留”的意思。

Let’s look at some examples.

讓我們來看幾個例子吧。

There are some kids hanging about in the streets.

有幾個在街上晃蕩的孩子。

You hang around here in case he comes, and I’ll go on ahead.

你在這附近等著以免他來了，我繼續(xù)往前走。

Alright, I hope you are still catching up! 

As I said before, there were loads of out-of-date expressions in this conversation, so why not do some pick-and-learn, focusing on those we could still use today.

好了，希望同學(xué)們緊跟老師的步伐！

正如我之前所說的，這次談話中有大量過時的表達(dá)方式，所以我們何不挑一些現(xiàn)在還可以使用的表達(dá)來學(xué)習(xí)呢？

1. far-out  adj. 古怪的，與傳統(tǒng)相背離的

“Far-out” is marked by a considerable departure from the conventional or traditional.

其特點(diǎn)是大大偏離了常規(guī)或傳統(tǒng)的。

We can also understand this adjective by its synonyms: bizarre, odd, etc.

我們也可以通過它的同義詞“bizarre, odd”來理解它。

Let’s put it into sentences and see how we could use it.

讓我們看看把單詞放進(jìn)例句里應(yīng)該怎么用吧。

Fantasies cannot harm you, no matter how bizarre or far-out they are.

無論多么荒誕或怪異的幻想都傷害不到你。

A young student was seriously considering the possibility of leaving the capital forever, settling down in some far-out place and becoming a teacher.

一個年輕的學(xué)生正在認(rèn)真考慮永遠(yuǎn)離開首都的可能性，在某個遙遠(yuǎn)的地方定居下來，成為一名教師。

2. peace out  再見

It's a colloquial way to say “goodbye”.

它是“再見”的一種口語表達(dá)。

It’s a slang term telling someone good-bye, used with a hand gesture in which you pound your chest with your fist twice, then give the peace sign.

這是一個表示“再見”的俚語，通常伴隨著用拳頭捶打胸部兩次，然后手指比耶。

So next time when you are saying goodbye to your mates, try to say “peace out” with some gestures. It sounds pretty fun, doesn’t it!

所以下次和同伴告別時就試試用咱們新學(xué)的短語吧。不要忘記帶上手勢喲～多酷呢！

Now let’s move on to the final review to see what we have learned today.

讓我們一起看看今天都學(xué)了些什么吧！

1. 發(fā)音要點(diǎn)：

2. 核心詞匯：

3. 實(shí)用表達(dá)：

That’s it for today’s 1960’s English. You’re always welcome to share the passage to your friends. If there is anything you find interesting or you are intrigued to know, please leave a comment at any time~ See you next time. Peace out~