1.祈使句定義 祈使句的主語是第二人稱,常省略,以動詞原形開頭,句末用感嘆號或句號。祈使句用于表達(dá)命令﹑請求﹑勸告﹑警告﹑禁止等的句子。 祈使句順口溜 祈使句,祈使句,請求﹑命令或建議; 主語是you常省去,否定句首Don’t加; 要講客氣用please,句首句末沒關(guān)系。
2.祈使句功能:5種功能 (1)命令Go and wash your hands (2)請求Open the door, please. (3)勸告Be kind to our sister (4)警告Watch your steps. (5)禁止Keep off the grass.
3.祈使句的構(gòu)成 (1)Do型: 動詞原形+其他成分: Come in;Have a seat here, please. Make sure what they know what to do.
否定結(jié)構(gòu):Don’t +動詞原形+其他成分: Don’t come in.
(2)Be 型:Be+表語+其他成分: Be quiet; Be a good girl. Be careful when crossing the road.
否定結(jié)構(gòu): Don’t +be+表語+其他成分:Don’t be quiet./Don’t be late for school.
(3)Let 型:Let+賓語+動詞:Let him come in./Let me help you. Let him go back now.
否定結(jié)構(gòu):Don’t+Let+賓語+動詞/Let +賓語+not +動詞(let sb not do sth)
Don’t let him come. Let him not go. (let 開頭的祈使句,如果后面跟第一﹑第三人稱名詞或代詞的賓格,可在let前加Don’t, 也可在let后賓格的名詞或代詞后面加not)
***如果以let’s開頭的祈使句,必須在let’s后加not. 例如Let’s not go out until after the rain.
4.公共場合的提示語中,祈使句否定結(jié)構(gòu) No+名詞/動詞ing(禁止做某事) No smoking!禁止吸煙 No entry!禁止入內(nèi)
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