知識點總結(jié)一、it作代詞的用法 1. 代替前面或后面的名詞或分句等所表示的事物。 Though we can not see it, there is air all around us. (it指代air) They said they had finished the work, but I can’t believe it. (it指代前一個分句) 2. 代替有生命但不能或不必分陰陽性的東西(包括嬰兒)。 When a baby is crying, it may be hungry. (it指代baby) 3. 在口語中代替只聞其聲但不見其人的人。 —Who is it? —It’s me. 4.指代天氣、時間、距離、溫度、環(huán)境等。 What time is it? It’s twenty kilometers from my hometown toBeijing. It’s quiet here. 二、it作形式主語的用法 it位于句首,作形式主語代替真正的主語不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或that從句。 1. It is easy to do the job. (it指代to do the job) 2. It is no good going there. (it指代going there) 3. It’s said that she came from London. (it指代that從句) 三、it作形式賓語的用法 it放在think, make, find, feel等及物動詞后作形式賓語,代替真正的賓語不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或賓語從句,在其后接賓語補足語,而把真正的賓語放在賓語補足語后面。 1. He thinks it very important to learn English well. (it指代to learn English well) 2. The teacher thinks it no good reading without understanding. (it指代reading without understanding) 3. I have made it clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here. (it指代that從句) 4. He likes it when there are white clouds in the sky.(it 指代when從句) 四、it用于強調(diào)句型 為了強調(diào)句子的某一成分(除謂語外),將這一成分置于“It is (was)... that (who)... ”這一句型中is(was)之后。如果被強調(diào)部分是人,既可用that又可用who,其余的全部用that。這一句型也可用于一般疑問句、否定句或特殊疑問句。其特點是:去掉It is(was)及that (who)后,在不添詞、不減詞的前提下能重新構(gòu)成一個意義完整的句子。 1. It is Professor Liu who/that teaches us English. (強調(diào)主語) 2. It is English that Professor Liu teaches us. (強調(diào)賓語) 3. It was inBeijingthat I saw the film. (強調(diào)地點狀語) 常見考法1.It 指代上文或下文中的事物或情況; 2. it指代環(huán)境或情況; 3.it 用在強調(diào)句中; 4.it作形式主語或形式賓語。 誤區(qū)提醒1.強調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)不熟悉;2.按漢語習(xí)慣翻譯意思有差異不敢選擇;3.對形式主語和形式賓語的用法不清楚。 【典型例題】 1) It was because of bad weather ________ the football match had to be put off. A. so B. so that C. why D. that 解析:錯選A。本題為強調(diào)句型,it是強調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)之一,和that一起構(gòu)成強調(diào)句,故正確答案為D. 2) I like ________ in the autumn when the water is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one 解析:錯選B。把that看成引導(dǎo)賓語從句;本題中it指代后面所說的情況,意為“我喜歡秋天水非常清澈的時候。”故正確答案為C。 3). The Foreign Minister said, “________ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is 解析:受漢語影響而錯選A。本題中it作形式主語,代替后面的that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。即“兩方面朝著和平方向努力是我們的希望?!闭_答案為D。 4) Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ________ didn’t help. A. he B. which C. she D. it 解析:錯選C。本題中應(yīng)用it指代but前面句子的內(nèi)容,即“Tom的媽媽經(jīng)常告訴他要努力學(xué)習(xí),但這不管用?!惫收_答案為D。 點擊閱讀全文,進(jìn)入云南教育論壇,說說你的觀點! |
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