(1)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)方面的錯(cuò)誤。主要為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)與過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之間的誤用,做題時(shí)要把握全文時(shí)態(tài)基調(diào),注意平行結(jié)構(gòu),注意主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。例如:
…Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has been given way to….. 刪去been
(2)主謂一致方面的錯(cuò)誤。主要表現(xiàn)形式為動(dòng)詞是否需用“第三人稱單數(shù)形式”。例如:There exist now a park that has a small river running……exist→exists
(3) 名詞方面的錯(cuò)誤。主要指名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問(wèn)題,可數(shù)與不可數(shù)問(wèn)題,名詞所有格的位置問(wèn)題及受不受形容詞修飾語(yǔ)影響的問(wèn)題。
例如:…… lost of good book and fresth fruit .He is not losing any time…… book→books
(4)冠詞方面的錯(cuò)誤。主要指a(n)與the的誤用,a 與an 的誤用,可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞前冠詞的缺少問(wèn)題及不需冠詞的地方用了冠詞的問(wèn)題。
例如:……watches where he is going ,so he often gets into the trouble. 去掉the
(5) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用方面的錯(cuò)誤。主要考查動(dòng)名詞和不定式的誤用,現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的誤用,動(dòng)詞不定式是否省略to的錯(cuò)誤。
例如 …from school because he is busy study what he has ……. study→studying
(6)連詞方面的錯(cuò)誤。主要表現(xiàn)為“and, so, or, but ”之間,“ while 與when”,“however與therefore” 之間的誤用。此種錯(cuò)誤所占比例較大。
例如:Some friends of his go to see him every day , ∧ they take him ……they 前加and
(7)形容詞、副詞方面的錯(cuò)誤。主要表現(xiàn)為:誤用了形容詞修飾形容詞,誤用副詞修飾名詞,誤用了形容詞修飾動(dòng)詞,以及形容詞、副詞的原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、 最高級(jí)之間的誤用。此外還有帶-ly的副詞與不帶-ly的副詞之間的誤用。
例如:… patiently nurses , and a great deal of time to read…… patiently→patient
(8) 介詞方面的錯(cuò)誤。介詞使用比較復(fù)雜,有固定搭配方面的錯(cuò)誤,有介詞的靈活運(yùn)用,也有該用介詞而漏掉的錯(cuò)誤。例如:
…expected and will b out of hospital ∧ a few weeks . 在hospital后加in/within.
(9) 語(yǔ)言累贅。如because與so并用,though與but并用,return后加back, repeat后加again等。例如:
They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early ... 去掉that
(10) 邏輯及常識(shí)性錯(cuò)誤。例如:
The air keeping the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was coming up. up→down
(11) 代詞方面的錯(cuò)誤。主要包括形容詞性物主代詞與名詞性物主代詞之間的誤用,關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞之間的誤用,連接代詞與連接副詞之間的誤用,代詞主格與賓格的誤用,代詞單數(shù)與復(fù)數(shù)的誤用,不定代詞之間的誤用,該用反身代詞時(shí)誤用了賓格代詞,it’s與its的誤用等。例如:
……them their great achievements. In short, I will do …… 84.their →our
(12) 其他方面的錯(cuò)誤。如中文式英語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞混用,形容詞混用,介詞短語(yǔ)與連詞之間的混用等。例如:
I am very excited to have accepted an e-mail from you. accepted→got / received
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