完形填空的八個?？伎键c

許愿真 2014-05-22

展開全文

完形填空的八個常考考點
(1) 考查語法規(guī)則考查考生語法知識的運用能力。近年來完形填空中單純考查語法知識的題一般不考，只是偶爾有個別考題。如：
On May 27, 1995, our life was suddenly changed. It happened a few minutes past three,
36   my husband, Chris, fell from his horse…(江蘇)
36. A. since   B. before     C. when   D. while
因a few minutes past three是“我丈夫”從馬上掉下來的時間，應是定語從句的先行詞，所以用when引導定語從句，正確選項是C。
(2) 考查固定搭配考查考生對常見的英語固定短語和習慣用法的掌握情況。如動詞與名詞的搭配；動詞與介詞或副詞的搭配；介詞與名詞的搭配，句式結(jié)構(gòu)的固定搭配等等。這類搭配在高考完形填空中時有出現(xiàn)。：
… The former    37   every possible effort to avoid being discovered…It was not long    50   a customer who had seen him arrive hurried in to inform him... (重慶)
37. A. do      B. take       C. make        D. try
50. A. when  B. after   C. until        D. before
因make every effort(盡力)是固定詞組，It was not long before…(不久以后就)是固定句式，所以這兩題的正確選項分別是C和D。
(3) 考查詞語辨析考查考生在特定語境中區(qū)別近義詞的能力。幾個選項的詞性相同，意義相近，要求我們在特定的語境中區(qū)分它們之間的細微差別。一般說來，其中的兩個選項容易排除，難辨的是兩個。如：
Scott and his companions were terribly disappointed. When they got to the South Pole, they found the Norwegians（挪威人）had    36   them in the race to be the first ever to reach it.(遼寧)
36. A. hit   B. fought   C. won   D. beaten
由第一句的disappointed可知，挪威人已經(jīng)“勝過了”Scott和他的同伴，很易排除選項A和B；而其余兩個選項都有“勝過”之意，這就要求我們知道它們之間的細微差別：win的賓語通常是比賽、獎品或榮譽等，而beat的賓語則是競賽或競爭的對手；所以正確選項是D。
(4) 考查行文邏輯考查考生對上下文邏輯關(guān)系的理解，如轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進關(guān)系、增補關(guān)系、比較關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系等。四個選項都是表示文章的起承轉(zhuǎn)合、上下連貫等邏輯關(guān)系的詞語，必須弄清句子前后的邏輯關(guān)系，才可作出正確選擇。如：
You are near the front line of a battle. Around you shells are exploding; people are shooting from a house behind you. What are you doing there? You aren’t a soldier. You aren’t   36   carrying a gun. You’re standing in front of… (湖北)
36. A. simply  B. really   C. merely   D. even
因為第36空這句話與前句是遞進關(guān)系，“你不是士兵，‘甚至連’槍也沒有帶”，所以正確選項是D。
(5) 考查經(jīng)驗常識考查考生在日常的學習和生活中所積累的經(jīng)驗和基本常識，以及一些基本的科學常識。如：
But we run so much that, afterwards, we had trouble __45__. (北京)
A. speaking  B. moving  C. sleeping  D. breathing
跑得太多，其結(jié)果當然是上氣不接下氣，即呼吸困難了，我們一般都會有這樣的生活經(jīng)歷，所以正確選項是D。
(6) 考查文章結(jié)構(gòu) 考查考生對文章脈絡(luò)層次的把握能力。如：
First of all, I respected his devotion to teaching…   43 , I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talk…Finally, I was attracted by his lively sense of humor.(全國)
43. A. Later       B. Secondly     C. However       D. Therefore
本文的寫作結(jié)構(gòu)很清楚：開篇點題——難忘的哲學教授；諸條陳述——何以難忘：前有First of all提起, 后有Finally落腳，那么中間只有用Secondly來過渡了，所以正確選項是B。
(7) 考查邏輯推理考查考生根據(jù)文意和所掌握的知識經(jīng)驗進行簡單的邏輯推理來確定選項的能力。如：
The Greek myth that explains why there are changes of seasons is about Demeter, the goddess of the harvest. She had a daughter, Persephone, whom she loved very much. Hades, god of the underworld, fell in love with Persephone, and he asked Zeus, the    37    of the gods, to give Persephone to him as his wife. Zeus did not want either to disappoint Hades or to upset Demeter, so…(廣東)
37. A. winner       B. ruler        C. advisor      D. fighter
冥王海地斯(Hades)要求宙斯(Zeus)把農(nóng)業(yè)女神得墨忒耳(Demeter)的女兒珀爾塞福涅Persephone賜給(give)他做妻子，誰能行使如此大權(quán)？不難推知，只有眾神之統(tǒng)領(lǐng)(rule)了，所以正確選項是B。
(8) 考查前后語境考查考生根據(jù)上下文提供的信息進行分析及推理的能力。高考的完形填空題中絕大多數(shù)屬這種題型。有的根據(jù)上文、有的根據(jù)下文、有的要上下文結(jié)合，甚至通篇看完并理解才能作出正確的選擇。如：
One afternoon, I was out exploring…and saw a new kind of cactus (仙人掌). I crouched (蹲) down for a closer look. “You’d better not    47   that.” (湖南)
I turned around to see an old woman.
…
“Would you like to come to my home tomorrow? Someone should teach you which plant you should and shouldn’t touch.”
47. A. move   B. dig          C. pull         D. touch
此題若不讀到最后一段的最后一句的最后一個單詞，很難選出正確選項D來。