冀教版九下第六單元語(yǔ)法強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練

 

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狀語(yǔ)從句

       狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中起狀語(yǔ)作用，修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞。狀語(yǔ)從句又從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，從屬連詞在從句中不充當(dāng)成分。

一． 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句　   

引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的詞有when，before，after，until，as soon as，while 等，具體用法如下：

1. when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

1) when表示主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或先后發(fā)生。它既可以指時(shí)間段也可指時(shí)間點(diǎn)， 從句中既可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞又可用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。

●I feel very happy when you come to see me. 你（們）來(lái)看我，我感到很高興。

●When you are crossing the street，you must be careful. 你（們）過(guò)街道時(shí)，一定要小心。

●Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 當(dāng)我正在睡覺(jué)時(shí)，有人敲門(mén)。

2）當(dāng)從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于主句動(dòng)作之前，只能用when 引導(dǎo)這個(gè)從句，不可用as 或 while。

●When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 你完成作業(yè)了才可以休息。

3）as, when 引導(dǎo)短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)”可以互換。

　●Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 我停車(chē)時(shí)，一個(gè)男人朝我走過(guò)來(lái)。

●He smiled as he passed.  他路過(guò)的時(shí)候笑了一下。 （兩個(gè)都是短暫動(dòng)作） 

4）as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句與when相似，但側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)間點(diǎn)或同時(shí)間段進(jìn)行。

●As she sang, the tears ran down her cheeks. 她一邊唱歌，眼淚一邊從臉頰淌下。  

●Helen heard the story as she washed. 海倫一邊洗衣服一邊聽(tīng)故事。 

●He saw that she was smiling as she read.他看到她一邊看著書(shū)一邊笑。（兩個(gè)都是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作）   

友情提示 when也可以作并列連詞，表示一個(gè)動(dòng)詞正在進(jìn)行的時(shí)候，突然間發(fā)生了另外一件事。 ●I was fishing by the river，when someone called for help. 我正在河邊釣魚(yú)，就在那時(shí)有人求救。 ●We were working in the chemistry lab，when the lights went out. 我們正在化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作，突然燈都熄滅了。

2. while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“與……同時(shí)，在……期間”，while的從句中常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)的詞。

●They rushed in while we were discussing problems. 當(dāng)我們正在討論問(wèn)題時(shí)，他們沖了進(jìn)來(lái)。

●Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games. 當(dāng)我正在打電子游戲時(shí)，爸爸正在清洗汽車(chē)。

友情提示 while也可以作并列連詞，表轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于but，意為“然而”。 ●I like listening to music，while my brother likes doing sports. 我喜歡聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，而我的兄弟愛(ài)好運(yùn)動(dòng)。

3. as表示某事一發(fā)生，另一事立即發(fā)生。 

●As the sun rose ，the frog dispersed. 

太陽(yáng)一出來(lái)霧就消散。 

●They strolled into the garden as the music ceased.

音樂(lè)聲一停，他們就走進(jìn)花園。

友情提示 從句表示 “時(shí)間推移” 只能用as，不用when 或while。 ●As the day went on, the weather got worse.　日子一天天過(guò)去，天氣越變?cè)綁摹?/span> ●We get wiser as we get older. 我們隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而變得聰明起來(lái)。

4. since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為“自從……”，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

●We have made many dumplings since we began to cook. 自從我們開(kāi)始做飯起，我們已經(jīng)包了許多餃子了。

　●We haven’t seen each other since we parted . 我們自從分手以后一直沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)面。

友情提示 常用句型：It is + 時(shí)間段 + since從句   意為：自從……有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。 ●It is six years since she graduated from the university. 自從她大學(xué)畢業(yè)已有六年的時(shí)間了。

5. before 意為“在……之前”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之前。

●We cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday. 昨天離開(kāi)學(xué)校之前，我們打掃了教室。

　●He had been a cook before he went to college. 他上大學(xué)前曾當(dāng)過(guò)廚師。

6. after 意為“在……之后”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之后。

●After you use plastic bags，you mustn’t throw them about. 你（們）用過(guò)了塑料袋之后，不準(zhǔn)到處亂扔。

●He called me after he had finished his work. 他在工作完之后給我打了個(gè)電話。

7. till / until 意為“直到……時(shí)”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之前。

1）肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某時(shí)”，動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的。意為“直到……為止”,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作的結(jié)束，用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞.

●I’ll stay here until you come back. 我會(huì)呆在這里，直到你回來(lái)。（stay表示的動(dòng)作可以持續(xù)）

●I will wait for my friend until / till he comes. 我要一直等到我朋友來(lái)。

●I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜時(shí)醒了。

友情提示 until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。 ●Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告訴我以前，出了什么事我一點(diǎn)也不知道。

2）否定形式表達(dá)的意思是“直至某時(shí)才做某事”。“ not … until …”引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“直到……才”,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作的開(kāi)始。

●He didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework. 完作業(yè)才睡覺(jué)。

●We won’t start our discussion until / till he comes. 我們要等到他來(lái)了，再開(kāi)始我們的討論。

●Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.  公共汽車(chē)停穩(wěn)后再下車(chē)。

3) not until …放在句首，主句用倒裝。

　●Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. 直到19 世紀(jì)初，人類(lèi)才知道熱能是什么。

　●Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 直到我開(kāi)始工作，我才認(rèn)識(shí)到了我已 

7．as soon as 意為“一……就……”，表示從句的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主句的動(dòng)作馬上就發(fā)生。

●I’ll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.他一回來(lái)我就告訴他這件事。

●As soon as I got home, it began to rain.

二．地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 

地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句通常由where（哪里）和wherever（無(wú)論哪里）引導(dǎo)。

●Where there is a will，there is a way.  有志者，事竟成。

　●Where I live there are plenty of trees.  我住的地方樹(shù)很多。

　●Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都會(huì)想到你。

三．原因狀語(yǔ)從句 

原因狀語(yǔ)從句常用的引導(dǎo)連詞有：because, since, as和for。 

1．because語(yǔ)勢(shì)最強(qiáng)，用來(lái)說(shuō)明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的問(wèn)題，可放在句前或后。  

●--Why did you go？你為何去？

-- I went because Tom told me to go. 那是因?yàn)闇方形胰ァ?/span>

●He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise. 他很生氣不是因?yàn)槲覀儊?lái)遲了，而是因?yàn)槲覀兣隽寺曇簟?/span>   

2．當(dāng)原因是顯而易見(jiàn)的就用as。as 和since的從句常放在主句之前。 

●As it was raining hard，we had to be indoors. 由于雨太大，我們只好呆在家里。

3．當(dāng)原因已為人們所知或就對(duì)方陳述的事實(shí)作為理由就用since。 

●Since the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.

●Since you feel ill，you’d better not go to work. 既然你感覺(jué)不舒服，你最好不要去上班了。

4．由because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末，且前面有逗號(hào)，則可以用for來(lái)代替。但如果不是說(shuō)明直接原因，而是對(duì)某一事實(shí)加以推斷，就只能用for。

　●He is absent today, because / for he is ill.

　●He must be ill, for he is absent today.  （must在這里表推斷,意為“一定”）

四．目的狀語(yǔ)從句 

目的狀語(yǔ)從句常用的引導(dǎo)連詞有so that和in order that，意為“以便，為了，目的是”，通常在從句中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞, 表示某種可能性，是主觀意念。

　●Please speak more slowly so that we can make full notes. 請(qǐng)講慢一點(diǎn)，以便我們能作詳細(xì)筆記。

●I shall write down your address so that I may not forget. 我要把你的地址記下來(lái)，以免忘記。

●I sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach him in time. 這封信我以航空信發(fā)出，以便他能及時(shí)收到。

五．結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 

    結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句常由so … that 或 such … that引導(dǎo)，意為“如此……以致于……”，其規(guī)律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such 是形容詞修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so 是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。so 還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many, few, much, little連用，形成固定搭配。

　●He ran so fast that we couldn’t keep up with him. 他跑得如此快，以致于我們追不上他。

●She spoke English so clearly that all of us could understand her. 她的英語(yǔ)講得那樣的清楚，以致于我們大家都能聽(tīng)明白。

●She is such a nice teacher that all of us love her. 她是這樣好的一個(gè)老師，我們大家都愛(ài)她。

●She is a so nice teacher that all of us love her. 她是這樣好的一個(gè)老師，我們大家都愛(ài)她。

友情提示 1．  such＋a(an)＋形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that 或such＋形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)／不可數(shù)名詞＋that 2．  a +so+形容詞＋a(an)＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that 或so＋形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)／不可數(shù)名詞＋that 或so+形容詞／副詞＋that 或so＋many / much＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/ 不可數(shù)名詞+that

六．讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

1．讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, whenever, whoever, whichever。

●Although / Though I gave him some advice, he didn’t take them.

盡管我給了他一些建議，但是他不接受。

●John continued to work hard even if / even though he felt sick.

約翰即使感到不舒服，但仍然繼續(xù)努力工作。

●Whatever you do, I will support you. / No matter what you do, I will support you.

無(wú)論你做什么，我都會(huì)支持你。

●Whoever you may be, I will not let you in. / No matter who you may be, I will not let you in.

無(wú)論你是誰(shuí)，我都不會(huì)讓你進(jìn)。

●However difficult it may be, we will overcome it. / No matter how difficult it may be, we will overcome it. 無(wú)論它可能是多么困難，我們將會(huì)克服它。

2．當(dāng)有though, although時(shí)，后面的從句不能有but，但是 though 和yet, still連用

●Although it’s raining, they are still working in the field. 雖然在下雨，但他們?nèi)栽诘乩锔苫睢?/span>

●He is very old, but he still works very hard. 雖然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。

●Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain. 傷口雖愈合，但傷疤留下了。 （諺語(yǔ)）

3. 當(dāng)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句指某種假設(shè)的情況時(shí)，通常用though，而不用although. 如:

●Though everyone deserts you，I will not. 雖然每個(gè)人都拋棄你，但是我不。

●We’ll leave as arranged though it might rain tomorrow. 雖然明天可能下雨，但我們?nèi)园丛?jì)劃離開(kāi)。

友情提示 1．連詞的替換 no matter what = whatever             no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever            no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever           no matter how = however 2．  在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，若主句是祈使句，或主句中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，或主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，那么從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 ●Be careful when you cross the road. 過(guò)馬路時(shí)要小心。 ●Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask. 如果你們有問(wèn)題要問(wèn)的話，請(qǐng)舉手。 ●The traffic must stop when the lights are red. 紅燈亮?xí)r，車(chē)輛必須停下。

◆  語(yǔ)法強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練

單項(xiàng)選擇

(   )1.You will be late ________ you leave immediately.　 

A. unless　  B. until　 C. if　　D. or

(   )2. ________ she is young, she knows quite a lot.　 

A. When　B. However　 C. Although　 D. Unless

(   ) 3.--It’s 10 o’clock now. I must go.

      --It’s raining outside. Don’t leave ________ it stops.

 A. when      B. since        C. while         D. until

(   ) 4. Uncle Wang gave all his savings to the Hope School ________ he himself was not rich.

 A. because   B. as if       C. though       D. or

(   ) 5. Hurry up, Jack. We have to get to the station before 11:45 ________ we can catch the 12:00 train.

      A. since   B. after   C. as soon as         D. so that

(   ) 6. Learn to think ________ we are young, or we may never learn.

      A. during   B. when   C. before    D. after

(   ) 7. –What will you do if it ________ tomorrow?

      --I’ll stay at home and watch the match on TV.

      A. rain   B. rains   C. will rain    D. is raining

(   ) 8. –Tell him about the news when he ________, John.

      --Yes, I will.

      A. comes   B. will come   C. would come     D. is coming

(   ) 9. Your teacher will be unhappy if you ________ to school late.

      A. comes   B. will come   C. are coming     D. came

(   ) 10. We’ll go to the farm and help the farmers with the apple-picking if it  ________ tomorrow.

      A. won’t rain   B. will be rainy   C. doesn’t rain     D. isn’t raining

(   ) 11. --Hurry up,. The bus is coming.

       --Oh, no. we mustn’t cross the street ________ the traffic lights are green.

       A. after   B. since    C. while     D. until

(   ) 12. My brother and I look different ________ we are twins.

       A. unless   B. as   C. though     D. because

(   ) 13. I was ________ happy on hearing the good news that I couldn’t even fall asleep.

       A. too  B. so   C. such    D. much

(   ) 14. I have been trying my best to study English ________ I want to have a chance to be a volunteer for the Beijing Olympics.

       A.until  B. because  C. though     D. when

(   ) 15. This exercise is ________ difficult ________.

       A.so; that few of us can do      B. so; that few of us can do it  

C. too; for anyone of us to do      D. too; for anyone of us to do it

(   ) 16. I will never forget that terrible accident ________ it happened so long ago.

       A.only if   B. even though   C. only when      D. ever since

(   ) 17. We have been good friends ________ we joined the same ping-pong team.

       A.after   B. before   C. since     D. until

(   ) 18. He met many problems ________ he was going over his lessons.

       A.before   B. as soon as   C. since     D. while

(   ) 19. I won’t take part in the party ________ Joe invites me.

       A.if   B. when   C. unless     D. because

(   ) 20. He doesn’t tell me when he ________. I’ll telephone you as soon as he ________.

       A.will come; comes          B. will come; will come  

C. comes; will come           D. comes; comes

◆答案與解析

1. A 句意“除非你立即走，否則你就會(huì)遲到的”?？赊D(zhuǎn)化為 If you don’t leave immediately, you will be late.　B、D句意不對(duì)，or表轉(zhuǎn)折。

2. C句意“雖然她很年輕，卻知道許多”。

3. D not… until… 表示 “直到……才……”。

4. C 句意“雖然王叔叔不富裕，但他把所有積蓄都捐給了希望小學(xué)”。

5. D 由邏輯關(guān)系知道后句是前句的目的狀語(yǔ),只有D可引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句.

6. B 考察從屬連詞, 句意 “當(dāng)我們很小的時(shí)候,就要學(xué)會(huì)思考,否則的話,我們可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)”,根據(jù)題意, A、C、D三項(xiàng)明顯不符合語(yǔ)意.

7. B 主句為一般將來(lái)時(shí),if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,從句應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái).

8. A 此題考察狀語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài).此處時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中應(yīng)該選用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí).

9. A 句意 “如果你上學(xué)遲到,老師會(huì)不高興”, if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中習(xí)慣用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)的動(dòng)作.

10. C 本題考察的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句的用法,主句用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài).

11. D 本題考的是not… until… 句型, 句意“綠燈亮了我們才能穿過(guò)街道。”。

12．C句意“盡管我和弟弟是雙胞胎，我們（本質(zhì)上）看起來(lái)還是不同”。

13．B 本句是一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)連詞so… that意為“如此……以致于……”。

14．B 本句是一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，句意“我一直盡力學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，因?yàn)槲蚁Ｍ矣袡C(jī)會(huì)能成為北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)的一名志愿者”。

15．B根據(jù)句意“這道習(xí)題是如此的難，以致于我們中沒(méi)有人能解答出它”，可排除有關(guān)“for anyone of us”的選項(xiàng)，再根據(jù)意思“解答出它”排除A。

16．B選項(xiàng)A意為“剛剛，恰好”， 選項(xiàng)D意為“從那時(shí)到現(xiàn)在”，根據(jù)句意“即使這個(gè)可怕的交通事故是很久以前發(fā)生的，我也不會(huì)忘記它”排除C。

17．C 句中的從句說(shuō)明了我們成為好朋友的原因，所以本句是一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。since在句中意為“因?yàn)?/span>”。

18．D 根據(jù)句意“他復(fù)習(xí)功課的時(shí)候遇到了一些問(wèn)題”可以斷定這是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。只有while才能譯為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。

19．C 句意“我不會(huì)參加那個(gè)聚會(huì)，除非喬邀請(qǐng)我”。

20．A 第一個(gè)句子是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)從句可以用所需時(shí)態(tài)；第二個(gè)句子是由as soon as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)若是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。