八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語重點(diǎn)短語及句型總匯 常見動(dòng)詞不定式詞組、句型用法總結(jié) 固定用法(非謂語動(dòng)詞):以下是帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式常見搭配 ★希望做某事hope to do sth. ★決定做某事decide to do sth. ★同意做某事agree to do sth. ★需要某人做某事need to do sth. ★使用某物做某事use sth to do sth ★迫不及待做某事can’t wait to do ★準(zhǔn)備做某事get/be ready to do ★盡力/努力做某事try to do sth ★計(jì)劃做某事plan to do sth. ★不得不have to do ★輪流做某事take one’s turns to do sth. ★拒絕做某事refuse to do sth. ★告訴某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. ★請(qǐng)某人做某事ask sb. to do sth. ★希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. ★教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth ★想要某人做某事want /would like sb.to do sth. ★同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth. . ★喜歡/想要某人做某事 like sb. to do sth. ★幫助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.do ★encourage sb to do 鼓勵(lì)某人做 ★It’s one’s turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事 例句:It your turn to clean the blackboard. ★It’s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事時(shí)候了 例句:It’s time for me to go home. ★It’s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 對(duì)于某人來說做某事是……(當(dāng)adj.是表示性格、品德的形容詞時(shí)用of) 例句: It is easy for me to learn it well. It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so. ★ It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某時(shí)間 例句: 1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike. 2.It took me an hour to watch TV last night. 3.It will take her two weeks to finish the work. ★too+adj./adv. to do sth. 太…..而不能 例: He was to angry to say a word. ★find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為/感到做某事是… 例: I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well. ★序數(shù)詞+to do 第…..個(gè)做某事 例句:Who is the first to get there? ★我不知/忘記了怎么辦。I didn't know/forgot what to do. ★ 離開房間時(shí)不要忘記/記住關(guān)燈 例句:Don’t forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room ★ be+adj+to do sth 例句:1.I am very sorry to hear that. 2.I am ready to help others. 3.I am happy/pleased/glad to meet you. 順口溜:本領(lǐng)最多不定式,主表定補(bǔ)賓和狀;樣樣成分都能干,只有謂語它不敢;大家千萬要小心,有時(shí)它把句型改;作主語時(shí)用it,自己在后把身藏;七個(gè)感官三使役,賓補(bǔ)要把to甩開;疑問詞后接上它,賓語從句可充當(dāng);邏輯主語不定式,不定式前加for sb.;to前not是否定,各種用法區(qū)別開。 以下是不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式(即動(dòng)詞原形)的常見用法 ★ let sb. do sth讓某人做某事 ★ make do sth使得某人做某事 ★ hear do sth do sth聽見某人做某事 ★see do sth do sth看見某人做某事 ★ why not 或why don’t you +動(dòng)詞原形?為什么不….?(表示建議) 例:Why not/Why don’t you take a walk? ★ 某人+had better( not)do 某人最好(不)做某事 ★ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may /must /should+ 動(dòng)詞原形(包括情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定形式+動(dòng)詞原形) ★ 助動(dòng)詞do/does/did/will/would在構(gòu)成疑問句或者構(gòu)成否定句即don’t /doesn’t /didn’t /will not /would not+ 動(dòng)詞原形 ★ be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形(表示“即將”“打算” 做某事) 常見動(dòng)名詞、分詞的習(xí)慣用法總結(jié) 使用-ing分詞的幾種情況 1.在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中。如: 1.He is watching TV in the room. 2.They were dancing at nine o'clock last night. 2.在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中。如:There is a boy swimming in the river. 3.在have fun/problems結(jié)構(gòu)中。如:We have fun learning English this term. They had problems getting to the top of the mountain. 4.在介詞后面。如:Thanks for helping me. Are you good at playing basketball? What /How about doing sth? 做某事怎么樣? I am interested in playing football. 5.在以下結(jié)構(gòu)中 1. enjoy doing sth 喜歡做某事; 2. finish doing sth; 完成做某事; 3. feel like doing sth 想要做某事; 4. stop doing sth 停止做某事(原來的事) 5. forget doing sth 忘記做過某事; 6. go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事(原來的事); 7. remember doing sth 記得做過某事; 8. like doing sth 喜歡做某事; 9. find /see/hear/watch sb doing發(fā)現(xiàn)/看到/聽到/觀看某人做 10. try doing sth 試圖做某事; 11. need doing sth 需要做某事; 12. prefer doing sth 寧愿做某事; 13. mind doing sth 介意做某事; 14. miss doing sth 錯(cuò)過做某事; 15. practice doing sth 練習(xí)做某事; 16. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事; 17. can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事; 18. waste time/money doing 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢做…; 19. keep sb.doing 讓…始終/一直做… 20. stop sb.(from)doing 阻止某人做某事 21. prefer doing B to doing B=like A better than A喜歡做A更喜歡做B 22. “do some +doing”短語 如:do some shopping/do some washing/do some reading/do some practicing/do some cleaning/do some speaking 23.“go doing”短語去做某事(主要指文娛活動(dòng)等) 如:go shopping/go fishing/go swimming/go hiking/go skating/go camping/go skiing(滑雪/go boating /go hunting (打獵) 語法: 動(dòng)詞不定式 (1) 動(dòng)詞不定式常跟這些及物動(dòng)詞之后,want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等。可用順口溜(要想拒絕忘記,需要努力學(xué)習(xí),喜歡同意幫助,希望決定開始) (2) 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided not to buy a computer for me. (3) 不定式可以和疑問詞who , which ,when, where ,how, what等連用。 Can you tell me what to say at the meeting ? I don’t know how to get to the station. (4) 本topic出現(xiàn)的句子有: I have some exciting news to tell you. I want to make a hotel reservation. It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening. Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets. 重點(diǎn)語法 動(dòng)詞不定式 (1) 動(dòng)詞不定式常跟這些及物動(dòng)詞之后,want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等。可用順口溜(要想拒絕忘記,需要努力學(xué)習(xí),喜歡同意幫助,希望決定開始) (2) 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided not to buy a computer for me. (3) 不定式可以和疑問詞who , which ,when, where ,how, what等連用。 Can you tell me what to say at the meeting ? I don’t know how to get to the station. (4) 本topic出現(xiàn)的句子有: I have some exciting news to tell you. I want to make a hotel reservation. It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening. Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets. 重點(diǎn)語法 時(shí)間狀語從句 1。引導(dǎo)詞: (1) when, while , as 當(dāng)……時(shí)候. when 后可跟短暫性動(dòng)詞也可跟延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞;while 后跟延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞;as 多用于口語,強(qiáng)調(diào)同一時(shí)間,或一前一后。 The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in. = While the students were talking in the classroom , the teacher came in. 學(xué)生在教室里談話時(shí),老師進(jìn)來了。 Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 媽媽總是邊給我們做飯邊唱歌。 (2)not … until 直到……才,主句謂語動(dòng)詞常用短暫性動(dòng)詞。 I won’t leave here until the rain stops. He didn’t sleep until his mother came back home. (3) after 在……之后,before 在……之前,as soon as 一……就 I went to sleep after I finished my homework..= I finished my homework before I went to sleep. As soon as the bell rings , the students will go into the classroom. 2. 時(shí)態(tài) (1)當(dāng)主句為一般過去時(shí)時(shí),從句常用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。 While I was doing my homework , the telephone rang. (2)當(dāng)主句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來時(shí), 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing. 重點(diǎn)語法 條件狀語從句 1.條件狀語從句由if(如果),unless(除非)等 引導(dǎo)的,謂語動(dòng)詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來,主句用一般將來時(shí)。 主句 if從句 Will (must, should, may) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 如:I won’t go if he doesn’t go . We will pass the exam if we study hard. We won’t pass the exam unless we study hard.. 2. 祈使句+and/or 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果句,祈使句在意義上相當(dāng)于條件狀語從句。 如:Hurry up, or you’ll be late.= If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.=You’ll be late unless you hurry up. Study hard, and you will pass the exam.= If you study hard, you will pass the exam. |
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