芝加哥交響樂團早年影像

《紐倫堡名歌手序曲》

選自歌劇

《紐倫堡的名歌手》

—瓦格納

演奏：芝加哥交響樂團

指揮：索爾蒂

，時長09:51

芝加哥交響樂團（Chicago Symphony Orchestra，簡稱CSO），美國芝加哥市的一支著名交響樂團，成立于1891年，美國五大交響樂團之一，世界上水準最高的交響樂團之一。

樂團在音樂界享有盛譽，以其精準的演奏技巧、豐富的音色和強烈的情感表達而著稱，樂團的銅管表現(xiàn)力尤其出色。他們的演奏曲目廣泛，包括古典音樂、浪漫音樂、現(xiàn)代音樂和電影音樂等指揮過該團的著名指揮家包括：提奧多·湯瑪斯、菲得立克·斯托克、馬蒂農(nóng)(Jean Martinon) 、伯納德·海丁克、索爾蒂等。

芝加哥交響樂團音樂廳

意大利著名指揮家里卡多·穆蒂（Riccardo Muti），自2010年起擔(dān)任樂團的首席指揮，在他的帶領(lǐng)下，樂團取得了更高的聲譽。

樂團的演出場所是芝加哥交響中心（Chicago Symphony Center），這是一個專門為交響樂團設(shè)計的音樂廳，擁有出色的音響效果和舒適的觀眾席。除了在芝加哥演出外，他們還經(jīng)常在美國和世界各地進行巡回演出，為全球愛樂聽眾帶來精彩的音樂盛宴。

(Riccardo Muti)

History of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra

The Chicago Symphony Orchestra — consistently hailed as one of the world’s best — marks its 133rd season in 2023–24. The history of the ensemble began in 1889, when Theodore Thomas, the leading conductor in America and a recognized music pioneer, was invited by Chicago businessman Charles Norman Fay to establish a symphony orchestra. Thomas’s aim to build a permanent orchestra of the highest quality was realized at the first concerts in October 1891 in the Auditorium Theatre. Thomas served as music director until his death in January 1905, just three weeks after the dedication of Orchestra Hall, the Orchestra’s permanent home designed by Daniel Burnham.

Frederick Stock, recruited by Thomas to the viola section in 1895, became assistant conductor in 1899 and succeeded the Orchestra’s founder. His tenure lasted 37 years, from 1905 to 1942 — the longest of the Orchestra’s music directors. Dynamic and innovative, the Stock years saw the founding of the Civic Orchestra of Chicago — the first training orchestra in the United States affiliated with a major symphony orchestra — in 1919. Stock also established youth auditions, organized the first subscription concerts especially for children, and began a series of popular concerts.

Three conductors headed the Orchestra during the following decade: Désiré Defauw was music director from 1943 to 1947, Artur Rodzinski in 1947–48, and Rafael Kubelík from 1950 to 1953. The next ten years belonged to Fritz Reiner, whose recordings with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra are still considered hallmarks. Reiner invited Margaret Hillis to form the Chicago Symphony Chorus in 1957. For five seasons from 1963 to 1968, Jean Martinon held the position of music director.

Sir Georg Solti, the Orchestra’s eighth music director, served from 1969 until 1991. His arrival launched one of the most successful musical partnerships of our time. The CSO made its first overseas tour to Europe in 1971 under his direction and released numerous award-winning recordings. Beginning in 1991, Solti held the title of music director laureate and returned to conduct the Orchestra each season until his death in September 1997.

Daniel Barenboim became the Orchestra’s ninth music director in 1991, a position he held until 2006. His tenure was distinguished by the opening of Symphony Center in 1997, appearances with the Orchestra in the dual role of pianist and conductor, and 21 international tours. Appointed by Barenboim in 1994 as the Chorus’s second director, Duain Wolfe served until his retirement in 2022.