七、詞根 -fin，-bin 表示“限制，約束，范圍”

define [d??fa?n] vt. 定義；使明確；規(guī)定 1214

助記：

      de (下) +fin (限定，范圍) +e→給……下個范圍，限定→下定義

defined [d??fa?nd] adj. 清晰的，輪廓分明的；有定義的，確定的；外形清晰的 14001

釋義和用法：If something is clearly defined or strongly defined, its outline is clear or strong.清晰的，輪廓分明的；有定義的，確定的；外形清晰的

defining [d??fa?n??] adj. 最典型的；起決定性作用的 9819

definition [def??n??(?)n] n. 定義；清晰度；解說 2129

high-definition [?haidefi?ni??n] adj.（電視或技術(shù)）高清晰度的，高分辨率的 19934

釋義和用法：

      High-definition television or technology is a digital system (數(shù)字信息系統(tǒng)) that gives a much clearer picture than traditional television systems. (電視或技術(shù)) 高清晰度的，高分辨率的

redefine [ri:d??fa?n] vt. 重新定義 7700

redefinition [?rid?f??n???n] n. 重新定義 19823

well-defined [?weldi?faind] adj. 定義明確的；界限清楚的 15574

definite [?def?n?t] adj. 確切的；一定的 6887

助記：

      de (加強語氣) +fin (限定，約束) +ite (形容詞后綴) →限定的，確定的，一定的

搭配：

      a definite period of time (考)：一定的時期

      definite conclusion (考)：明確的結(jié)論

indefinite [?n?def?n?t] adj. 不確定的；模糊的；無限的 14449

definitely [?def?n?tl?] adv. 明確地，肯定地；清楚地，當然 2005

definitive [d??f?n?t?v] adj. 明確的；最終的；不可更改的；決定性的；最佳的 15308

釋義和用法：

      Something that is definitive provides a firm conclusion that cannot be questioned(質(zhì)疑).明確的；最終的；不可更改的；決定性的；最佳的

      A definitive book or performance is thought to be the best of its kind that has ever been done or that will ever be done. (書籍或表演) 最佳的，最具權(quán)威的

bind [ba?nd] vi. 裝訂；結(jié)合；過緊；有約束力 2519

助記：

      bind (諧音：綁，捆綁) →約束，束縛 (即：被“綁住”了) ；聯(lián)系，結(jié)合 (即：“綁在一起”) 

搭配：

      be bound up with (考)：和……聯(lián)系在一起/綁在一起

bind together (考)：綁在一起

例句：Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country’s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.

此外，很明顯的是，一個國家的經(jīng)濟實力直接和它工業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)的效率聯(lián)系在一起，而效率反過來又依賴各種科學家和技術(shù)人員的努力。

仿寫例句：

      很明顯的是，一個人的成功直接和他的能力聯(lián)系在一起，而能力反過來又依賴他所付出的努力。

      It is obvious that the success of a person is directly bound up with his ability, and that this in turn rests upon his efforts.

考題：

      Eisenhower’s interstate highways the nation together in new ways and facilitated major economic growth by making commerce less expensive.

      A．packed B．stuck C．suppressed D．bound

解析：

      原文翻譯“艾森豪威爾主持修建的州際公路以全新的方式將整個國家聯(lián)系在一起，通過減少貿(mào)易成本推動了經(jīng)濟的巨大發(fā)展”，故選D，

      bind together：捆在一起，聯(lián)系在一起；A：打包；B：堅持，粘貼；C：鎮(zhèn)壓

binder [?ba?nd?] n. 裝訂工；活頁夾；捆縛者；粘合劑；用以綁縛之物 13069

binding [?ba?nd??] adj. 有約束力的；必須遵守的；應履行的 9323

釋義和用法：

      A binding promise, agreement, or decision must be obeyed (遵守)or carried out(執(zhí)行). 有約束力的；必須遵守的；應履行的

band [b?nd] n. 樂隊；一幫；帶；頻帶；波段 1284

助記：

      band (=bind：捆綁) →綁在一起的幾個人→樂隊

bandage [?b?nd?d?] n. 繃帶 9653

Band-Aid [?b?ndeid] n. (邦迪牌)創(chuàng)可貼；(問題的解決辦法)短期有效的，權(quán)宜之計的 15622

A Band-Aid is a small piece of sticky tape (有粘性的膠帶) that you use to 

cover small cuts or wounds (傷口) on your body. (邦迪牌) 創(chuàng)可貼

If you refer to a Band-Aid solution to a problem, you mean that you 

disapprove of (不贊成) it because you think that it will only be effective 

for a short period. (問題的解決辦法) 短期有效的，權(quán)宜之計的，治標

不治本的

bandanna [b?n?d?n?] n. 扎染印花大手帕；印花大圍巾 18374

A bandanna is a brightly-coloured piece of cloth which is worn (穿戴) 

around a person’s neck or head. 印花大圍巾；鮮艷的大頭巾

詞源：

      Also often bandana, 1752, from Hindi bandhnu, a method of dyeing, from Sanskrit badhnati “binds”(because the cloth is tied in different places like modern tie-dye), from PIE root *bhendh- “to bind.” Perhaps to English via Portuguese. Etymologically, the colors and spots are what makes it a bandanna.

bandwagon [?b?ndw?g?n] n. 樂隊花車；流行，時尚 14912

詞源：

Also band-wagon, 1849, American English, from band (n.2)+wagon, originally a large wagon used to carry the band in a circus procession; as these also figured in celebrations of successful political campaigns, being on the bandwagon came to represent “attaching oneself to anything that looks likely to succeed,” a usage first attested 1899 in writings of Theodore Roosevelt.

bandwidth [?b?ndw?tθ; -w?dθ] n. [無]帶寬；頻帶寬度 13396

broadband [?br?:db?nd] n. 寬頻；寬波段；（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)）寬帶連接 13714

釋義和用法：

      Broadband is a method of sending many electronic messages (電子信息) at the same time, using a wide range of frequencies(頻率). (電子信號的) 寬頻傳輸

disband [d?s?b?nd] vi. 解散 14334

釋義和用法：

      If someone disbands a group of people, or if the group disbands, it stops operating (運行) as a single unit. 解散；解體；(使) 散伙

headband [?hedb?nd] n. 頭飾帶；頭巾 18809

waistband [?we?s(t)b?nd] n. 腰帶；褲腰；裙腰 18042

釋義和用法：

      A waistband is a narrow piece of material which is sewn (縫) on to a pair of trousers, a skirt, or other item of clothing at the waist (腰部) in order to strengthen (勒緊) it. 褲腰；裙腰

ribbon [?r?b?n] n. 緞帶；帶狀物；帶；（勛章等的）綬帶；[軍]勛表 4891

詞源：

Early 14c., ribane, from Old French riban “a ribbon,” variant of ruban (13c.), of unknown origin, possibly from a Germanic compound whose second element is related to band (n.1); compare Middle Dutch ringhband “necklace.” Modern spelling is from mid-16c. Originally a stripe in a material. Custom of colored ribbon loops worn on lapels to declare support for some group perceived as suffering or oppressed began in 1991 with AIDS red ribbons.

finite [?fa?na?t] adj. 有限的；限定的 9888

搭配：

      finite resources (考)：有限的資源

寫作例句：

      如果我們不采取措施去節(jié)約有限的資源，那么有天它一定會枯竭。

      If we don’t take measurs/steps to save the finite resources, it is bound to deplete one day in the future.

infinite [??nf?n?t] adj. 無限的，無窮的；無數(shù)的；極大的 6970

助記：

      in (表否定) +fin (=bind：限制，限度) +ite (形容詞后綴：的) →無限的，無窮的

infinitely [??nf?n?tl?] adv. 無限地；極其 11255

infinity [?n?f?n?t?] n. 無窮；無限大；無限遠的距離 11552

釋義和用法：

      Infinity is a number that is larger than any other number and can never be given an exact value. 無窮大

      Infinity is a point that is further away than any other point and can never be reached. 無限遠的距離

confine [k?n?fa?n] vt. 限制；限定 n. 界限，邊界 5407

助記：

      con (完全) +fin (=bind：限制，束縛) +e→限制，束縛

搭配：

      be confined to (考)：受限于……

例句：It gave rise to mass production and, through mass production, to a society in which wealth was not confined to the few.

它導致大批量生產(chǎn)，通過大批量生產(chǎn)，導致一個社會中財富不僅限于少數(shù)人。

仿寫例句：對財富的狂熱追求導致了一個社會，在這種社會中，閱讀經(jīng)典僅限于少數(shù)知識分子。

Fevered quest for wealth has given rise to a society in which reading classics is confined to a few intellectuals.

confinement [k?n?fa?nm?nt] n. 限制；監(jiān)禁；分娩 10967

釋義和用法：

      Confinement is the state of being forced to stay in a prison or another place which you cannot leave. 監(jiān)禁；關(guān)押；禁閉

      A woman’s confinement is the period of time just before and during which she gives birth to a child. 分娩；生產(chǎn)

bound [ba?nd] adj. 受約束的；裝有封面的；有義務的 n. 界限 vi. 跳躍 8153

助記：

      bound (=bind：捆綁，束，約束) →約束，限定 (即：由“捆綁”造出“約束，限制”的含義) 

邪解：bound讀音很像“綁的”→ (被) 綁著的→受約束的，受限定的

搭配：

      be bound to (考)：必然，一定會

例句：Even so, the shift in the centre of gravity to older age groups is bound to have a profound effect on societies, not just economically and politically but in all sorts of other ways too.

即便如此，重心向老年人群轉(zhuǎn)移必然會對社會產(chǎn)生深遠的影響，該影響不僅體現(xiàn)在經(jīng)濟上和政治上，還涵蓋其他的方方面面。

仿寫例句：將學習重心轉(zhuǎn)向英文必然會對社會產(chǎn)生深遠的影響，該影響不僅體現(xiàn)在社會上和文化上，還涵蓋其他的方方面面。

The shift in the centre of gravity to English learning is bound to have a profound effect on societies, not just socially and culturally but in all sorts of other ways too.

boundless [?ba?ndl?s] adj. 無限的；無邊無際的 16324

rebound [r??ba?nd] n. 回彈；籃板球 vi. 反彈；彈回 5968

boundary [?ba?nd(?)r?] n. 分界線；邊界；范圍 2800

助記：

      bound (限定，范圍，邊境) +ary (名詞后綴) →邊界，分界線 (即：劃定“范圍，界限”的地方) 

搭配：

      within the legal and moral boundaries of society (考)：在社會的法律和道德界限內(nèi)

border [?b?:d?] n. 邊界；邊境；國界 1351

助記：

      bord (=bound：界限，范圍) +er (名詞后綴) →邊界，邊境 (即：一個國家的“界限，范圍”) 

cross-border [?kr?s?b?rd?] adj. 跨越國境的 15412

搭配：

      cross-border trade：跨國貿(mào)易

      cross-border attacks：越境襲擊

borderline [?b?:d?la?n] n. 邊界線，邊界；界線 13300

frontier [?fr?nt??; fr?n?t??] n. 邊界；國境；前沿 4466

助記：

      front (前面) +ier (名詞后綴) → 一個國家的最前面，最前沿→邊界，邊境

搭配：

      expanding frontiers of scholarship (考)：不斷擴大的獎學金范圍

例句：

      By making it possible to search the millions of books that exist today, we hope to expand the frontiers of human knowledge.

      我們希望通過實現(xiàn)搜索現(xiàn)存的上百萬圖書來擴展人類的知識范圍。

      To keep up with the expanding frontiers of scholarship, Edward Wilson found himself surfing the Internet frequently for information.

      為了了解不斷擴大的獎學金范圍，Edward Wilson頻繁上網(wǎng)來查找信息。

bond [b?nd] n. 紐帶；結(jié)合；粘合劑；債券；約定 1894

搭配：

      the bond of true affection (考)：真情的紐帶

釋義和用法：

      A bond between people is a strong feeling of friendship, love, or shared beliefs and experiences that unites them. (情感的) 紐帶，契合，關(guān)系

      A bond between two things is the way in which they stick to one another or are joined in some way. 黏合；連結(jié)

      When a government or company issues (發(fā)行) a bond, it borrows money from investors (投資者). The certificate which is issued to investors who lend money is also called a bond. (政府或公司發(fā)行的) 公債，債券

詞源：

      Early 13c., “anything that binds, fastens, or confines,” phonetic variant of band (n.1) and at first interchangeable with it. For vowel change, see long (adj.); also influenced by unrelated Old English bonda “householder,” literally “dweller”(see bond (adj.)).

bondage [?b?nd?d?] n. 奴役身份；束縛；性虐待 16822

釋義和用法：

      Bondage is the condition of being someone’s property and having to work for them. 奴役

      Bondage is the condition of not being free because you are strongly influenced by something or someone. 束縛；約束

      Bondage is the practice of being tied up or tying your partner up in order to gain sexual pleasure.

bonding [?b?nd??] n. 人與人之間的關(guān)系（或聯(lián)結(jié)）；原子的結(jié)合；鍵合 9985

釋義和用法：

      the process of forming a special relationship with sb or with a group of people 人與人之間的關(guān)系 (或聯(lián)結(jié)) 

例如：mother-child bonding母子親情

(chemistry) the process of atoms joining together (化) 原子的結(jié)合；鍵合

hydrogen bonding 氫鍵結(jié)合

horizon [h??ra?z(?)n] n. 地平線；眼界；范圍；視野 3138

助記：

      horiz (=bound：界限，范圍) +on (名詞后綴) →范圍，眼界；地平線

搭配：

      on the horizon (考)：即將來臨的

intellectual horizons (考)：知識范圍

例句：

      For many of us the “cashless society” is not on the horizon—it’s already here.

      對于我們許多人來說，“無現(xiàn)金社會”不是即將來臨，而是已經(jīng)來了。

仿寫例句：

      對于我們許多人來說，電子圖書時代不是即將來臨，而是已經(jīng)來了。

      For many of us the age/era of E-books is not on the horizon—it’s already here.

horizontal [h?r??z?nt(?)l] adj. 水平的；地平線的；同一階層的 6082

horizontally [?hɑr??zɑntli] adv. 水平地 12911

bunch [b?n(t)?] n. 串；群；突出物 2684

助記：

      bunch (=bound=bind：捆) →捆，綁在一起的→束，群，串搭配：

      a pretty active bunch (考)：極度活躍的一群

釋義和用法：

      A bunch of people is a group of people who share one or more 

      characteristics (特點) or who are doing something together. 一伙，一群 (人) 

      A bunch of flowers is a number of flowers with their stalks held or tied (捆, 連接) together.一束 (花) 

      A bunch of bananas or grapes is a group of them growing on the same stem(莖). 一串 (香蕉或葡萄) 

      A bunch of keys is a set of keys kept together on a metal ring(金屬的環(huán)狀物). 一串 (鑰匙) 

      A bunch of things is a number of things, especially a large number. 大量；大批

bundle [?b?nd(?)l] n. 捆；束；及其；非常 6092

釋義和用法：

      A bundle of things is a number of them that are tied together or wrapped (包裹) in a cloth or bag so that they can be carried or stored. 捆；束；包

      If you describe someone as, for example, a bundle of fun, you are emphasizing that they are full of fun. If you describe someone as a bundle of nerves, you are emphasizing that they are very nervous. 極度，非常 (用于強調(diào)某人具備的某種品質(zhì)或特性) 

      If you refer to a bundle of things, you are emphasizing that there is a wide range of them. 大量；廣泛

      To bundle software means to sell it together with a computer, or with other hardware or software, as part of a set. 捆綁銷售 (軟件) 

例如：

      It’s cheaper to buy software bundled with a PC than separately.

      購買和個人電腦一起捆綁銷售的軟件要比單買便宜。

refine [r??fa?n] vt. 精煉，提純；使……文雅；改善 6701

助記：

      re (反復) +fine (好) →反復使之更好→使完善，精煉，提純

搭配：

      highly refined analyses (考)：高度精準的分析

釋義和用法：

      When a substance (物質(zhì)) is refined, it is made pure by having all other substances removed (去除) from it. 提煉；精煉

      If something such as a process, theory, or machine is refined, it is improved by having small changes made to it. 改進；改善；改良 (過程，理論或機器) 

refined [r??fa?nd] adj. 精煉的；微妙的；精確的；有教養(yǎng)的 7848

釋義和用法：

      If you say that someone is refined, you mean that they are very polite and have good manners and good taste. (人) 有禮貌的，有教養(yǎng)的，彬彬有禮的，有品位的

refinement [r??fa?nm(?)nt] n. 精制；提純；有教養(yǎng)；文雅 10883

refinery [r??fa?n(?)r?] n. 精煉廠；提煉廠；冶煉廠 9578

釋義和用法：

      A refinery is a factory where a substance such as oil or sugar is refined. 精煉廠；提煉廠

后綴：-ery

      1. 名詞后綴：表“地點；藝術(shù)；狀態(tài)；數(shù)量”

      2. 形容詞后綴：……的

詞源：

      Word-forming element making nouns meaning “place for, art of, condition of, quantity of,” from Middle English -erie, from Latin -arius (see -ary). Also sometimes in modern colloquial use “the collectivity of” or “an example of.”

artillery [ɑ:?t?l?r?] n. 大炮；火炮；炮術(shù)；炮隊 6638

bakery [?be?k(?)r?] n. 面包店 8232

battery [?b?tri] n. 電池，蓄電池 3221

bravery [?bre?v(?)r?] n. 勇敢；勇氣 12664

brewery [?br??r?] n. 啤酒廠 15712

bribery [?bra?b?r?] n. 賄賂；行賄；受賄 13712

buttery [?b?t(?)r?] adj. 諂媚的，奉承的；涂用黃油的；像黃油樣的 18322

celery [?sel?r?] n. 芹菜 8342

cemetery [?sem?tr?] n. 墓地；公墓 4643

cheery [?t???r?] adj. 愉快的，活潑的 15261

delivery [d??l?v(?)r?] n. 交付；遞送；分娩 2828

discovery [d??sk?v(?)r?] n. 發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)覺；被發(fā)現(xiàn)的事物 2247

eatery [?i:t?r?] n. 餐館；飯店 15491

embroidery [?m?br??d(?)r?; em-] n. 刺繡；粉飾；刺繡品 14746

feathery [?fee(?)r?] adj. 柔軟如羽毛的；生有羽毛的 18524

fiery [?fa??r?] adj. 燃燒般的；熱烈的，熾烈的；暴躁的 7976

fishery [?f??(?)r?] n. 漁業(yè)；漁場；水產(chǎn)業(yè) 5151

flattery [?fl?t(?)r?] n. 諂媚；奉承；恭維話 19801

flowery [?fla??r?] adj. 多花的；花的；華麗的；絢麗的 19559

forgery [?f?:d?(?)r?] n. 偽造；偽造罪；偽造物 17124

gallery [?g?l(?)r?] n. 走廊；畫廊；地道；旁聽席 3382

greenery [?gri:n(?)r?] n. 綠色植物；溫室 15317

grocery [?gr??s(?)r?] n. 食品雜貨店 3328

hatchery [?h?t??r?] n. 孵卵處 16428

imagery [??m?d?(?)r?] n. 比喻；意象；像；形象化 5260

jittery [?d??t(?)r?] adj. 神經(jīng)過敏的；緊張不安的；戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢的 17601

leathery [?lee(?)r?] adj. 粗糙的；粗澀的；似皮革的 20001

leery [?l??r?] adj. 機敏的；狡猾的；猜疑的；送秋波的 17435

lottery [?l?t(?)r?] n. 彩票；碰運氣的事，難算計的事；抽彩給獎法 6111

machinery [m???i:n(?)r?] n. 機械；機器；機構(gòu)；機械裝置 5856

mastery [?mɑ:st(?)r?] n. 精通；優(yōu)勢；統(tǒng)治權(quán)；征服；掌握 7733

misery [?m?z?r?] n. 痛苦，悲慘；不幸；窮困；苦惱 6175

mockery [?m?k(?)r?] n. 嘲弄；笑柄；徒勞無功；拙劣可笑的模仿或歪曲 14330

monastery [?m?n?st(?)r?] n. 寺院；隱修院 8231

mystery [?m?st(?)ri] n. 神秘，秘密；神秘的事物；奧秘 2352

nursery [?n?:s(?)r?] n. 托兒所；苗圃；溫床 5711

pottery [?p?t(?)r?] n. 陶器；陶器廠；陶器制造術(shù) 7233

powdery [?pa?d?ri:] adj. 粉的；粉狀的；布滿粉狀物的 19634

recovery [r??k?v(?)r?] n. 恢復，復原；痊愈；重獲 2466

robbery [?r?b(?)r?] n. 搶劫，盜竊；搶掠 6096

rubbery [?r?b?r?] adj. 橡膠似的；有彈力的；堅韌的 19442

savagery [?s?v?d?(?)r?] n. 兇惡行為；殘暴行徑；獸性 19453

scenery [?si:n(?)r?] n. 風景；景色；[戲]舞臺布景 8327

silvery [?s?lv(?)r?] adj. 清脆的；銀色的；銀鈴一般的；似銀的 12225

slavery [?sle?v(?)r?] n. 奴役；奴隸制度；奴隸身分 4630

slippery [?sl?p(?)r?] adj. 滑的；狡猾的；不穩(wěn)定的 7858

sorcery [?s?:s(?)r?] n. 巫術(shù) 18314

stationery [?ste??(?)n(?)r?] n. 文具；信紙 15163

surgery [?s?:d?(?)r?] n. 外科；外科手術(shù)；手術(shù)室；診療室 1807

treachery [?tret?(?)r?] n. 背叛；變節(jié)；背叛行為 18068

upholstery [?p?h??lst(?)r?; -?h?l-] n. 家具裝飾用品業(yè)；座套；椅套 14488

watery [?w?:t(?)r?] adj. 水的；淡的；濕的；松軟的；有雨意的 10836

winery [?wa?n(?)r?] n. 釀酒廠；葡萄酒釀造廠（復數(shù)wineries） 10611

詞根“-fin”除了表示“限制，約束”，還可以進一步引申為“（使）結(jié)束”，限制某物發(fā)展本質(zhì)就是希望其結(jié)束

finish [?f?n??] vt. 完成；結(jié)束；用完 918

finished [?f?n??t] adj. 不再做(……)的，(同……)不再打交道的；(對……)不再感興趣的；不復存在的；垮臺的；完蛋的 6965

釋義和用法：

      Someone who is finished with something is no longer doing it or dealing with it or is no longer interested in it. 不再做 (……) 的；(同……) 不再打交道的；(對……) 不再感興趣的

      Something that is finished no longer exists (存在) or is no longer happening. 不復存在的；不再發(fā)生的

      Someone or something that is finished is no longer important, powerful, or effective. 垮臺的；完蛋的；失勢的；失效的

finisher [?f?n???] n.（最后的）潤飾者；整理工；最后優(yōu)勝者；（賽跑等的）到達終點者 18318

finishing [?f?n????] adj. 最后的；終點的 10179

unfinished [?n?f?n??t] adj. 未完成的 8570

final [?fa?n(?)l] adj. 最終的；決定性的；不可更改的 890

finale [f??nɑ:l?; -le?] n. 最后樂章；最后一場；結(jié)局；結(jié)尾 10001

釋義和用法：

      The finale of a show, piece of music, or series of shows is the last part of it or the last one of them, especially when this is exciting or impressive. (演出的) 終場，最后一幕；(音樂的) 終曲，末樂章；(一系列演出) 最后一場

      If you say that an event provides a particular kind of finale to something, you mean that it provides it with a particular kind of ending. (特定的) 結(jié)尾，結(jié)束

finalist [?fa?n(?)l?st] n. 參加決賽的選手 10445

finality [fa??n?l?t?] n. 定局；終結(jié)；終結(jié)性；不可改變性 16479

釋義和用法：

      Finality is the quality of being final and impossible to change. If you say something with finality, you say it in a way that shows that you have made up your mind about something and do not want to discuss it further. 終結(jié)性；決定性；不可改變性

例如：

      Young children have difficulty grasping the finality of death.

      小孩子很難理解死亡的不可改變性。

      “Not this time, Faye,” he replied with finality.

      “這次不行，費伊，”他斬釘截鐵地說。

finalize [?fa?n(?)la?z] vt. (尤指經(jīng)與他人討論)最后確定，最終敲定，定案 12827

釋義和用法：

      If you finalize something such as a plan or an agreement (協(xié)議), you complete (完成) the arrangements for it, especially by discussing it with other people. (尤指經(jīng)與他人討論)最后確定，最終敲定

例如：

      We are saying nothing until all the details have been finalized.

      在所有細節(jié)最后確定下來之前我們無可奉告。

finally [?fa?n?l?] adv. 終于；最后；決定性地 471

詞根“-fin”除了表示“限制，約束”，還可以表示“錢，付錢”，是與詞根“-pen：錢”同源（首輔音 p，f 音似，尾輔音 n 相同，元音由 e → i 是合理的變化）

finance [?fa?n?ns; fa??n?ns; f?-] n. 財政，財政學；金融 2833

助記：

      fin (錢) +ance (名詞后綴) →財政，金融 (都和“錢”相關(guān)) 

financial [fa??n?n?(?)l; f?-] adj. 財政的，財務的；金融的 830

搭配：

      offer financial incentives (考)：提供經(jīng)濟刺激

      financial aid (考)：經(jīng)濟援助

financially [fa??n?n??li] adv. 金融上；財政上 5546

financier [fa??n?ns??; f?-] n. 出資人；出資方；金融(資本)家 13551

financing [f??n?ns??] n. 籌措資金；融資；財務 5682

refinance [ri:?fa?n?ns] vt. 再供……資金；再為……籌錢 13003