在使用MySQL時，有時不小心會將MySQL的關(guān)鍵字設(shè)置為表的字段，在進行數(shù)據(jù)插入的時候總是提示SQL有問題。如果將MySQL中的關(guān)鍵字與保留字設(shè)置為表字段時，解決方法為給關(guān)鍵字加上反引號 " `" 。
注意是 反引號 **反引號 ** 反引號 輸入法切換到英文狀態(tài)下，鍵盤上Esc鍵下面，數(shù)字鍵1左邊，Tab鍵上面那個鍵。
當(dāng)然最好還是在建表的時候盡量避免關(guān)鍵字，因本人使用的是MySQL8，以下為MySQL8中的關(guān)鍵字與保留字。
官網(wǎng)地址:https://dev./doc/refman/8.0/en/keywords.html
MySQL 8.0中的關(guān)鍵字和保留詞，以及各個詞在版本之間的更改。保留的關(guān)鍵字標有（R）。另外，_FILENAME是保留的
| ACCESSIBLE ? | ACCOUNT | ACTION |
|---|---|---|
| ACTIVE; added in 8.0.14 (nonreserved) | ADD ? | ADMIN; became nonreserved in 8.0.12 |
| AFTER | AGAINST | AGGREGATE |
| ALGORITHM | ALL ? | ALTER ? |
| ALWAYS | ANALYSE; removed in 8.0.1 | ANALYZE ? |
| AND ? | ANY | ARRAY; added in 8.0.17 (reserved); became nonreserved in 8.0.19 |
| AS ? | ASC ? | ASCII |
| ASENSITIVE ? | AT | ATTRIBUTE; added in 8.0.21 (nonreserved) |
| AUTOEXTEND_SIZE | AUTO_INCREMENT | AVG |
| AVG_ROW_LENGTH | BACKUP | BEFORE ? |
| BEGIN | BETWEEN ? | BIGINT ? |
| BINARY ? | BINLOG | BIT |
| BLOB ? | BLOCK | BOOL |
| BOOLEAN | BOTH ? | BTREE |
| BUCKETS; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) | BY ? | BYTE |
| CACHE | CALL ? | CASCADE ? |
| CASCADED | CASE ? | CATALOG_NAME |
| CHAIN | CHANGE ? | CHANGED |
| CHANNEL | CHAR ? | CHARACTER ? |
| CHARSET | CHECK ? | CHECKSUM |
| CIPHER | CLASS_ORIGIN | CLIENT |
| CLONE; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) | CLOSE | COALESCE |
| CODE | COLLATE ? | COLLATION |
| COLUMN ? | COLUMNS | COLUMN_FORMAT |
| COLUMN_NAME | COMMENT | COMMIT |
| COMMITTED | COMPACT | COMPLETION |
| COMPONENT | COMPRESSED | COMPRESSION |
| CONCURRENT | CONDITION ? | CONNECTION |
| CONSISTENT | CONSTRAINT ? | CONSTRAINT_CATALOG |
| CONSTRAINT_NAME | CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA | CONTAINS |
| CONTEXT | CONTINUE ? | CONVERT ? |
| CPU | CREATE ? | CROSS ? |
| CUBE ?; became reserved in 8.0.1 | CUME_DIST ?; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | CURRENT |
| CURRENT_DATE ? | CURRENT_TIME ? | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ? |
| CURRENT_USER ? | CURSOR ? | CURSOR_NAME |
| DATA | DATABASE ? | DATABASES ? |
| DATAFILE | DATE | DATETIME |
| DAY | DAY_HOUR ? | DAY_MICROSECOND ? |
| DAY_MINUTE ? | DAY_SECOND ? | DEALLOCATE |
| DEC ? | DECIMAL ? | DECLARE ? |
| DEFAULT ? | DEFAULT_AUTH | DEFINER |
| DEFINITION; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) | DELAYED ? | DELAY_KEY_WRITE |
| DELETE ? | DENSE_RANK ?; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | DESC ? |
| DESCRIBE ? | DESCRIPTION; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) | DES_KEY_FILE; removed in 8.0.3 |
| DETERMINISTIC ? | DIAGNOSTICS | DIRECTORY |
| DISABLE | DISCARD | DISK |
| DISTINCT ? | DISTINCTROW ? | DIV ? |
| DO | DOUBLE ? | DROP ? |
| DUAL ? | DUMPFILE | DUPLICATE |
| DYNAMIC | EACH ? | ELSE ? |
| ELSEIF ? | EMPTY ?; added in 8.0.4 (reserved) | ENABLE |
| ENCLOSED ? | ENCRYPTION | END |
| ENDS | ENFORCED; added in 8.0.16 (nonreserved) | ENGINE |
| ENGINES | ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE; added in 8.0.21 (nonreserved) | ENUM |
| ERROR | ERRORS | ESCAPE |
| ESCAPED ? | EVENT | EVENTS |
| EVERY | EXCEPT ? | EXCHANGE |
| EXCLUDE; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) | EXECUTE | EXISTS ? |
| EXIT ? | EXPANSION | EXPIRE |
| EXPLAIN ? | EXPORT | EXTENDED |
| EXTENT_SIZE | FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS; added in 8.0.19 (nonreserved) | FALSE ? |
| FAST | FAULTS | FETCH ? |
| FIELDS | FILE | FILE_BLOCK_SIZE |
| FILTER | FIRST | FIRST_VALUE ?; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) |
| FIXED | FLOAT ? | FLOAT4 ? |
| FLOAT8 ? | FLUSH | FOLLOWING; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) |
| FOLLOWS | FOR ? | FORCE ? |
| FOREIGN ? | FORMAT | FOUND |
| FROM ? | FULL | FULLTEXT ? |
| FUNCTION ?; became reserved in 8.0.1 | GENERAL | GENERATED ? |
| GEOMCOLLECTION; added in 8.0.11 (nonreserved) | GEOMETRY | GEOMETRYCOLLECTION |
| GET ? | GET_FORMAT | GET_MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY; added in 8.0.4 (reserved); became nonreserved in 8.0.11 |
| GLOBAL | GRANT ? | GRANTS |
| GROUP ? | GROUPING ?; added in 8.0.1 (reserved) | GROUPS ?; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) |
| GROUP_REPLICATION | HANDLER | HASH |
| HAVING ? | HELP | HIGH_PRIORITY ? |
| HISTOGRAM; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) | HISTORY; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) | HOST |
| HOSTS | HOUR | HOUR_MICROSECOND ? |
| HOUR_MINUTE ? | HOUR_SECOND ? | IDENTIFIED |
| IF ? | IGNORE ? | IGNORE_SERVER_IDS |
| IMPORT | IN ? | INACTIVE; added in 8.0.14 (nonreserved) |
| INDEX ? | INDEXES | INFILE ? |
| INITIAL_SIZE | INNER ? | INOUT ? |
| INSENSITIVE ? | INSERT ? | INSERT_METHOD |
| INSTALL | INSTANCE | INT ? |
| INT1 ? | INT2 ? | INT3 ? |
| INT4 ? | INT8 ? | INTEGER ? |
| INTERVAL ? | INTO ? | INVISIBLE |
| INVOKER | IO | IO_AFTER_GTIDS ? |
| IO_BEFORE_GTIDS ? | IO_THREAD | IPC |
| IS ? | ISOLATION | ISSUER |
| ITERATE ? | JOIN ? | JSON |
| JSON_TABLE ?; added in 8.0.4 (reserved) | JSON_VALUE; added in 8.0.21 (nonreserved) | KEY ? |
| KEYS ? | KEY_BLOCK_SIZE | KILL ? |
| LAG ?; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | LANGUAGE | LAST |
| LAST_VALUE ?; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | LATERAL ?; added in 8.0.14 (reserved) | LEAD ?; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) |
| LEADING ? | LEAVE ? | LEAVES |
| LEFT ? | LESS | LEVEL |
| LIKE ? | LIMIT ? | LINEAR ? |
| LINES ? | LINESTRING | LIST |
| LOAD ? | LOCAL | LOCALTIME ? |
| LOCALTIMESTAMP ? | LOCK ? | LOCKED; added in 8.0.1 (nonreserved) |
| LOCKS | LOGFILE | LOGS |
| LONG ? | LONGBLOB ? | LONGTEXT ? |
| LOOP ? | LOW_PRIORITY ?MMANAGED; added in 8.0.22 (nonreserved) | MASTER |
| MASTER_AUTO_POSITION | MASTER_BIND ? | MASTER_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMS; added in 8.0.18 (nonreserved) |
| MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY | MASTER_DELAY | MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD |
| MASTER_HOST | MASTER_LOG_FILE | MASTER_LOG_POS |
| MASTER_PASSWORD | MASTER_PORT | MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) |
| MASTER_RETRY_COUNT | MASTER_SERVER_ID | MASTER_SSL |
| MASTER_SSL_CA | MASTER_SSL_CAPATH | MASTER_SSL_CERT |
| MASTER_SSL_CIPHER | MASTER_SSL_CRL | MASTER_SSL_CRLPATH |
| MASTER_SSL_KEY | MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT ? | MASTER_TLS_CIPHERSUITES; added in 8.0.19 (nonreserved) |
| MASTER_TLS_VERSION | MASTER_USER | MASTER_ZSTD_COMPRESSION_LEVEL; added in 8.0.18 (nonreserved) |
| MATCH ? | MAXVALUE ? | MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR |
| MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR | MAX_ROWS | MAX_SIZE |
| MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR | MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS | MEDIUM |
| MEDIUMBLOB ? | MEDIUMINT ? | MEDIUMTEXT ? |
| MEMBER; added in 8.0.17 (reserved); became nonreserved in 8.0.19 | MEMORY | MERGE |
| MESSAGE_TEXT | MICROSECOND | MIDDLEINT ? |
| MIGRATE | MINUTE | MINUTE_MICROSECOND ? |
| MINUTE_SECOND ? | MIN_ROWS | MOD ? |
| MODE | MODIFIES ? | MODIFY |
| MONTH | MULTILINESTRING | MULTIPOINT |
| MULTIPOLYGON | MUTEX | MYSQL_ERRNONNAME |
| NAMES | NATIONAL | NATURAL ? |
| NCHAR | NDB | NDBCLUSTER |
| NESTED; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) | NETWORK_NAMESPACE; added in 8.0.16 (nonreserved) | NEVER |
| NEW | NEXT | NO |
| NODEGROUP | NONE | NOT ? |
| NOWAIT; added in 8.0.1 (nonreserved) | NO_WAIT | NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG ? |
| NTH_VALUE ?; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | NTILE ?; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | NULL ? |
| NULLS; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) | NUMBER | NUMERIC ? |
| NVARCHAROOF ?; added in 8.0.1 (reserved) | OFF; added in 8.0.20 (nonreserved) | OFFSET |
| OJ; added in 8.0.16 (nonreserved) | OLD; added in 8.0.14 (nonreserved) | ON ? |
| ONE | ONLY | OPEN |
| OPTIMIZE ? | OPTIMIZER_COSTS ? | OPTION ? |
| OPTIONAL; added in 8.0.13 (nonreserved) | OPTIONALLY ? | OPTIONS |
| OR ? | ORDER ? | ORDINALITY; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) |
| ORGANIZATION; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) | OTHERS; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) | OUT ? |
| OUTER ? | OUTFILE ? | OVER ?; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) |
| OWNERPPACK_KEYS | PAGE | PARSER |
| PARTIAL | PARTITION ? | PARTITIONING |
| PARTITIONS | PASSWORD | PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME; added in 8.0.19 (nonreserved) |
| PATH; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) | PERCENT_RANK ?; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | PERSIST; became nonreserved in 8.0.16 |
| PERSIST_ONLY; added in 8.0.2 (reserved); became nonreserved in 8.0.16 | PHASE | PLUGIN |
| PLUGINS | PLUGIN_DIR | POINT |
| POLYGON | PORT | PRECEDES |
| PRECEDING; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) | PRECISION ? | PREPARE |
| PRESERVE | PREV | PRIMARY ? |
| PRIVILEGES | PRIVILEGE_CHECKS_USER; added in 8.0.18 (nonreserved) | PROCEDURE ? |
| PROCESS; added in 8.0.11 (nonreserved) | PROCESSLIST | PROFILE |
| PROFILES | PROXY | PURGE ?QQUARTER |
| QUERY | QUICKRRANDOM; added in 8.0.18 (nonreserved) | RANGE ? |
| RANK ?; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | READ ? | READS ? |
| READ_ONLY | READ_WRITE ? | REAL ? |
| REBUILD | RECOVER | RECURSIVE ?; added in 8.0.1 (reserved) |
| REDOFILE; removed in 8.0.3 | REDO_BUFFER_SIZE | REDUNDANT |
| REFERENCE; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) | REFERENCES ? | REGEXP ? |
| RELAY | RELAYLOG | RELAY_LOG_FILE |
| RELAY_LOG_POS | RELAY_THREAD | RELEASE ? |
| RELOAD | REMOTE; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved); removed in 8.0.14 | REMOVE |
| RENAME ? | REORGANIZE | REPAIR |
| REPEAT ? | REPEATABLE | REPLACE ? |
| REPLICATE_DO_DB | REPLICATE_DO_TABLE | REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB |
| REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE | REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB | REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE |
| REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE | REPLICATION | REQUIRE ? |
| REQUIRE_ROW_FORMAT; added in 8.0.19 (nonreserved) | RESET | RESIGNAL ? |
| RESOURCE; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) | RESPECT; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) | RESTART; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) |
| RESTORE | RESTRICT ? | RESUME |
| RETAIN; added in 8.0.14 (nonreserved) | RETURN ? | RETURNED_SQLSTATE |
| RETURNING; added in 8.0.21 (nonreserved) | RETURNS | REUSE; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) |
| REVERSE | REVOKE ? | RIGHT ? |
| RLIKE ? | ROLE; became nonreserved in 8.0.1 | ROLLBACK |
| ROLLUP | ROTATE | ROUTINE |
| ROW ?; became reserved in 8.0.2 | ROWS ?; became reserved in 8.0.2 | ROW_COUNT |
| ROW_FORMAT | ROW_NUMBER ?; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | RTREE |
| SAVEPOINT | SCHEDULE | SCHEMA ? |
| SCHEMAS ? | SCHEMA_NAME | SECOND |
| SECONDARY; added in 8.0.16 (nonreserved) | SECONDARY_ENGINE; added in 8.0.13 (nonreserved) | SECONDARY_ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE; added in 8.0.21 (nonreserved) |
| SECONDARY_LOAD; added in 8.0.13 (nonreserved) | SECONDARY_UNLOAD; added in 8.0.13 (nonreserved) | SECOND_MICROSECOND ? |
| SECURITY | SELECT ? | SENSITIVE ? |
| SEPARATOR ? | SERIAL | SERIALIZABLE |
| SERVER | SESSION | SET ? |
| SHARE | SHOW ? | SHUTDOWN |
| SIGNAL ? | SIGNED | SIMPLE |
| SKIP; added in 8.0.1 (nonreserved) | SLAVE | SLOW |
| SMALLINT ? | SNAPSHOT | SOCKET |
| SOME | SONAME | SOUNDS |
| SOURCE | SPATIAL ? | SPECIFIC ? |
| SQL ? | SQLEXCEPTION ? | SQLSTATE ? |
| SQLWARNING ? | SQL_AFTER_GTIDS | SQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPS |
| SQL_BEFORE_GTIDS | SQL_BIG_RESULT ? | SQL_BUFFER_RESULT |
| SQL_CACHE; removed in 8.0.3 | SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS ? | SQL_NO_CACHE |
| SQL_SMALL_RESULT ? | SQL_THREAD | SQL_TSI_DAY |
| SQL_TSI_HOUR | SQL_TSI_MINUTE | SQL_TSI_MONTH |
| SQL_TSI_QUARTER | SQL_TSI_SECOND | SQL_TSI_WEEK |
| SQL_TSI_YEAR | SRID; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) | SSL ? |
| STACKED | START | STARTING ? |
| STARTS | STATS_AUTO_RECALC | STATS_PERSISTENT |
| STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES | STATUS | STOP |
| STORAGE | STORED ? | STRAIGHT_JOIN ? |
| STREAM; added in 8.0.20 (nonreserved) | STRING | SUBCLASS_ORIGIN |
| SUBJECT | SUBPARTITION | SUBPARTITIONS |
| SUPER | SUSPEND | SWAPS |
| SWITCHES | SYSTEM ?; added in 8.0.3 (reserved) | TABLE ? |
| TABLES | TABLESPACE | TABLE_CHECKSUM |
| TABLE_NAME | TEMPORARY | TEMPTABLE |
| TERMINATED ? | TEXT | THAN |
| THEN ? | THREAD_PRIORITY; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) | TIES; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) |
| TIME | TIMESTAMP | TIMESTAMPADD |
| TIMESTAMPDIFF | TINYBLOB ? | TINYINT ? |
| TINYTEXT ? | TLS; added in 8.0.21 (nonreserved) | TO ? |
| TRAILING ? | TRANSACTION | TRIGGER ? |
| TRIGGERS | TRUE ? | TRUNCATE |
| TYPE | TYPES | UNBOUNDED; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) |
| UNCOMMITTED | UNDEFINED | UNDO ? |
| UNDOFILE | UNDO_BUFFER_SIZE | UNICODE |
| UNINSTALL | UNION ? | UNIQUE ? |
| UNKNOWN | UNLOCK ? | UNSIGNED ? |
| UNTIL | UPDATE ? | UPGRADE |
| USAGE ? | USE ? | USER |
| USER_RESOURCES | USE_FRM | USING ? |
| UTC_DATE ? | UTC_TIME ? | UTC_TIMESTAMP ? |
| VALIDATION | VALUE | VALUES ? |
| VARBINARY ? | VARCHAR ? | VARCHARACTER ? |
| VARIABLES | VARYING ? | VCPU; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) |
| VIEW | VIRTUAL ? | VISIBLE |
| WAIT | WARNINGS | WEEK |
| WEIGHT_STRING | WHEN ? | WHERE ? |
| WHILE ? | WINDOW ? added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | WITH ? |
| WITHOUT | WORK | WRAPPER |
| WRITE ? | X509 | XA |
| XID | XML | XOR ? |
| YEAR | YEAR_MONTH ? | ZEROFILL ? |
與MySQL5.7相比MySQL8中添加的關(guān)鍵字和保留字，保留的關(guān)鍵字標有?
| ACTIVE | ADMIN | ARRAY |
|---|---|---|
| ATTRIBUTE | BUCKETS | CLONE |
| COMPONENT | CUME_DIST ? | DEFINITION |
| DENSE_RANK ? | DESCRIPTION | EMPTY ? |
| ENFORCED | ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE | EXCEPT ? |
| EXCLUDE | FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS | FIRST_VALUE ? |
| FOLLOWING | GEOMCOLLECTION | GET_MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY |
| GROUPING ? | GROUPS ? | HISTOGRAM |
| HISTORY | INACTIVE | INVISIBLE |
| JSON_TABLE ? | JSON_VALUE | LAG ? |
| LAST_VALUE ? | LATERAL ? | LEAD ? |
| LOCKED | MANAGED | MASTER_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMS |
| MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH | MASTER_TLS_CIPHERSUITES | MASTER_ZSTD_COMPRESSION_LEVEL |
| MEMBER | NESTED | NETWORK_NAMESPACE |
| NOWAIT | NTH_VALUE ? | NTILE ? |
| NULLS | OF ? | OFF |
| OJ | OLD | OPTIONAL |
| ORDINALITY | ORGANIZATION | OTHERS |
| OVER ? | PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME | PATH |
| PERCENT_RANK ? | PERSIST | PERSIST_ONLY |
| PRECEDING | PRIVILEGE_CHECKS_USER | PROCESS |
| RANDOM | RANK ? | RECURSIVE ? |
| REFERENCE | REQUIRE_ROW_FORMAT | RESOURCE |
| RESPECT | RESTART | RETAIN |
| RETURNING | REUSE | ROLE |
| ROW_NUMBER ? | SECONDARY | SECONDARY_ENGINE |
| SECONDARY_ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE | SECONDARY_LOAD | SECONDARY_UNLOAD |
| SKIP | SRID | STREAM |
| SYSTEM ? | THREAD_PRIORITY | TIES |
| TLS | UNBOUNDED | VCPU |
| VISIBLE | WINDOW ? |
