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年輕人,你還記得grandfather嗎?

 英語單詞先生 2021-10-19

上中學的時候,老師就跟我們說:國外沒有像我們這么復雜的稱呼之分,爺爺和外公都叫grandfather,奶奶外婆都叫grandmother。

其實不盡然。

在避免誤解,必須分清楚的場合里,還是要區(qū)別對待的。

1. 爺爺:grandfather on my father's side(父親這邊的)
外公:grandfather on my mother's side
(母親這邊的)
也可以說:paternal grandfather
(paternal:與父親有關的)
maternal grandfather
(maternal:與母親有關的)
(這首歌的作者是十九世紀美國的作曲家Henry Clay Work,它于1876年制作完成的,曾被很多人翻唱,如同很多經典歌曲一樣,經久不衰,反而愈久愈有味道。這首歌的名字直譯就是“爺爺的大鐘”,講述的是陪伴爺爺一輩子的大鐘,在爺爺去世后,再也不走了。故事哀傷感人?!皫鞠蛔拥穆涞卮髷[鐘”英文叫grandfather clock,大致出自于此吧!)

My grandfather's clock was too large for the shelf,

我祖父的鐘表太大放不到架子上

So it stood ninety years on the floor;

因此它在地板上站立了90年

It was taller by half than the old man himself,

它足有祖父身高的一半還多

Though it weighed not a pennyweight more.

然而它還沒有比一英錢更重

It was bought on the morn of the day that he was born,

它是在祖父出生的早晨買的

And was always his treasure and pride;

而且一直都是他的珍寶和驕傲

But it stopp'd short — never to go again —

但是它不久就停止了——再也沒有走過——

When the old man died.

當老爺子去世后

In watching its pendulum swing to and fro,

看著它擺來擺去

Many hours had he spent while a boy;

祖父度過了他孩童時期的很多時間

And in childhood and manhood the clock seemed to know

鐘表了解祖父的孩童和成年時光

And to share both his grief and his joy.

分享了他的痛苦和歡樂

For it struck twenty-four when he entered at the door,

當他打開門它敲了24點鐘

With a blooming and beautiful bride;

伴著一個妙齡漂亮的新娘

But it stopped short — never to go again —

但是它不久就停止了——再也沒有走過——

When the old man died.

當老爺子去世后

CHORUS:

Ninety years without slumbering

90年從來沒停過

(tick, tock, tick, tock),

踢,踏,踢,踏

His life's seconds numbering,

為他生命的每一秒計時

(tick, tock, tick, tock),

踢,踏,踢,踏

It stopp'd short — never to go again —

但是它不久就停止了——再也沒有走過——

When the old man died.

當老爺子去世后

CHORUS

My grandfather said that of those he could hire,

我祖父說他所雇用的所有人中

Not a servant so faithful he found;

沒有一個是如此忠實的仆人

For it wasted no time, and had but one desire —

它從不浪費時間,只有一個愿望——

At the close of each week to be wound.

每周的結束可以上勁兒

And it kept in its place — not a frown upon its face,

它就在它在的地方——臉上從沒有皺眉

And its hands never hung by its side.

它的手也從來不掐腰

But it stopp'd short — never to go again —

但是它不久就停止了——再也沒有走過——

When the old man died.

當老爺子去世后

CHORUS

It rang an alarm in the dead of the night —

它在他離開的晚上敲響了一下——

An alarm that for years had been dumb;

之前幾年都沒有響過;

And we knew that his spirit was pluming for flight —

我們知道他的靈魂即將飛翔——

That his hour of departure had come.

他離開的時間到了

Still the clock kept the time, with a soft and muffled chime,

時鐘還是在計時,伴隨著輕輕和模糊的鳴響

As we silently stood by his side;

我們靜靜地站在他的身邊

But it stopp'd short — never to go again —

但是它不久就停止了——再也沒有走過——

When the old man died.

當老爺子去世后

孫子:grandson
外孫:daughter's son
*順便說一個:fraternal(兄弟般的)

( 我曾祖父有1/4中國血統(tǒng),我外祖母有1/8,那我呢?)

2. 奶奶:grandmother on my father's side
外婆:grandmother on my mother's side

3. 岳父:father-in-law(法律上的父親)
 岳母:mother-in-law
女婿:son-in-law
媳婦:daughter-in-law
4. 祖先:forefather
(fore是意為“先前的”的前綴)
曾祖父:great-grandfather
(如果還要再往前說,就在前面多加幾個great)
先父:late father
(此處的late意為“已故的”)
養(yǎng)父:foster father
(foster可以用作動詞也可以用作形容詞)
養(yǎng)子:adopted son
(adopt不可以直接作為形容詞,所以要加ed,表示被動“被收養(yǎng)的”)
繼父:stepfather
創(chuàng)始人:founding father
城市元老:city father
教皇:the Holy father(holy:神圣的)
...之父:the father of...
( Chaucer is considered the father of English poetry. 喬叟被認為是英國詩歌之父。)

Geoffrey Chaucer(1340-1400)

P.S. 1. uncle和aunt如果要區(qū)分叔叔和舅舅,姑姑和阿姨,可以在前面加paternal和maternal,或者更詳細的說my father’s / mother's brother / sister。

2. cousin是所有單詞中用途最廣的,它用于“堂哥,堂弟,堂姐,堂妹”,也可以用于“表哥,表弟,表姐,表妹”,如果只區(qū)分性別,男性可以稱呼male cousin,女性是female cousin。

當然,外國人沒有像我們想這么多,大多數情況下,用最常見的那些稱呼就可以了!

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西游記87

西游記88

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