鑒于質(zhì)性研究的特點(diǎn)，小班長(zhǎng)其實(shí)很喜歡質(zhì)性研究。個(gè)人認(rèn)為，質(zhì)性研究可以提供更多了解研究問題的真實(shí)情況。比如，[1]高雅靖,單巖.中青年終末期腎臟病患者決策困境的現(xiàn)象學(xué)研究[J].護(hù)理學(xué)雜志,2021,36(01):34-37.作者的目的就是：采用質(zhì)性研究的方法探討中青年終末期腎病患者決策困境的個(gè)體主觀角度的觀點(diǎn)。

但是，其實(shí)，決策困境這個(gè)主題已經(jīng)有量表了。這也就是說，決策困境作為一個(gè)主題，我們既可以從量表的應(yīng)用角度去探討比較客觀的一些數(shù)據(jù)，也可以用質(zhì)性的方法去了解患者的一些體驗(yàn)。

不過，對(duì)于這個(gè)問題，我提一個(gè)小疑問：決策困境量表本身在編制量表的時(shí)候，就是部分采用質(zhì)性研究的方法，那為啥我們還要倒回去用質(zhì)性研究的方法去探討患者的體驗(yàn)?zāi)兀?span style="color: rgb(71, 193, 168);box-sizing: border-box;"><更多的了解可以去知識(shí)星球提問哈~>

同樣地，今天我們也給老師們分享一篇文獻(xiàn)：Chao﹍i Xue, Yu﹕heng Shu, Hayter M , et al. Experiences of nurses involved in natural disaster relief: a meta﹕ynthesis of qualitative literature[J]. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2020.

護(hù)士應(yīng)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害的經(jīng)驗(yàn)：定性元分析

作者是揚(yáng)州大學(xué)護(hù)理學(xué)院的，文獻(xiàn)比較簡(jiǎn)單，大家可以只看一下摘要部分就可以。當(dāng)然也可以去下載原文看一下細(xì)節(jié)。

Aim To explore nurses’ experiences in natural disaster response.

研究目的：探討護(hù)士應(yīng)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害的經(jīng)驗(yàn)

Background Nurses are key to disaster response. There is a growing body of qualitative research exploring this emerging nursing issue. However, there is a need to synthesise and summarise this body of knowledge to identify the overarching elements of how nurses experience working in disaster situations to reflect on their experiences so that we may help shape future clinical practice, research and education.

研究背景：有很多研究探討護(hù)士應(yīng)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。因此，有必要對(duì)這些文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行綜合分析，通過確定護(hù)士在處理自然災(zāi)害時(shí)工作的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，以便可以為我們后續(xù)的臨床實(shí)踐、教育等提供證據(jù)。

Design Qualitative meta‐synthesis.

研究設(shè)計(jì)：質(zhì)性研究元分析

Method Following PROSPERO guidelines (Moher et al., 2015), an exhaustive and systematic literature search and quality appraisal was undertaken in December 2019 to reveal nurses’ experiences during natural disaster response. Sandelowski and Barroso's systematic retrieval, analysis and interpretation of findings method was used to produce a meta‐summary of findings from 10 papers evaluating experiences across 9 disasters. A meta‐aggregation was used to synthesise the findings from the studies and was methodically quality assessed with PRISMA and CASP.

研究方法：根據(jù)PROSPERO guidelines，于2019年12月進(jìn)行了詳盡和系統(tǒng)的文獻(xiàn)檢索和質(zhì)量評(píng)估，以揭示護(hù)士在自然災(zāi)害應(yīng)對(duì)過程中的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。Sandelowski和Barroso的系統(tǒng)檢索、分析和解釋研究結(jié)果的方法被用于對(duì)10篇評(píng)估9次災(zāi)害經(jīng)歷的論文的研究結(jié)果進(jìn)行meta分析。使用元分析來(lái)綜合研究結(jié)果，并使用PRISMA和CASP進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的質(zhì)量評(píng)估。

Results Our findings aggregated data from 42 sub‐themes, into the following four themes to capture nurses’ experiences after responding to disasters. These included agile response; leadership and innovative problem solving; building resilience; positive communication and need for psychological/emotional support.

研究結(jié)果：我們的研究結(jié)果匯總了42個(gè)子主題的數(shù)據(jù)，分為以下四個(gè)主題，以確定護(hù)士應(yīng)對(duì)災(zāi)難后的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。其中包括快速響應(yīng);領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力和創(chuàng)新問題解決能力;心理復(fù)原力的建立;積極的溝通和心理/情感支持的需要。

Discussion This meta‐synthesis provides evidence to illustrate nurses’ resilience and leadership capabilities as means to manage and perceive their disaster relief response. Factors such as emotional intelligence, capacity to react to changing situations, to manage scant resources in extreme situations were highlighted in nurses practising in highly stressful environments. Managers can use these examples to support ways to improve disaster management policies, but also, to engage in support for their staff.

討論：這一元分析為說明護(hù)士的應(yīng)變能力和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力作為管理和感知其救災(zāi)反應(yīng)的手段提供了證據(jù)。在高度緊張的環(huán)境中，護(hù)士們強(qiáng)調(diào)了諸如情商、對(duì)變化的情況作出反應(yīng)的能力、在極端情況下管理稀缺資源的能力等因素。管理人員可以利用這些例子支持改進(jìn)災(zāi)害管理政策的方法。

Relevance to clinical practice The role of nursing staff in disaster rescue is receiving significant attention. Understanding nurses’ experiences during disaster rescue can help future leaders to improve capacity to respond and nursing preparedness through education, training and management, but also for continuing emotional support after the event.

與臨床實(shí)踐的相關(guān)性：護(hù)理人員在災(zāi)難救援中的作用正受到極大的關(guān)注。了解護(hù)士在災(zāi)難救援中的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，不僅可以幫助未來(lái)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)通過教育、培訓(xùn)和管理提高應(yīng)對(duì)能力和護(hù)理準(zhǔn)備，也可以在事件發(fā)生后持續(xù)提供情感支持。

希望能給老師們一點(diǎn)提示！

主題圖源：pexels