演說者：TED-Ed

演說題目：如何通過練習來提高口語能力？

車到山前必有路。條條道路通羅馬。這應該說的就是這篇TED演講的核心思想了吧。我們都知道，最好的提高口語的方法就是能夠融入到英語的環(huán)境當中，并每天運用，但并不是每個人都有這樣的環(huán)境。那是不是就沒有其它更好的方法呢？

如何通過練習來提高口語能力？ 來自TED英語演說優(yōu)選 00:00 04:32

你得真正開口才行。但是如果你身邊沒有可以用英語交談的人怎么辦呢？那樣的話你該怎么練習呢？

Well, there's a technique that allows you to learn to speak English by yourself, no speaking partner is required. this technique can help improve many aspects of your spoken English: 

其實，這里有一個可以讓你不需要對話伙伴，自己練習口語的技巧。它可以從方方面面幫助你提高英語的口語能力：

your sentence structure, your grandma, your vocabulary, and most importantly, your ability to express your thoughts and ideas effectively. so what is his technique? Here's what it is....

句子結構、語法、詞匯，最重要的是，它可以有效地提高表達思想和觀點的能力。那么這個技巧是什么呢？那就是......

Learning to speak English throug himitation. when I say imitation, I'm not talking about repeating after Native speakers, using the exact same word to improve your pronunciation. I'm talking about something, a little more advanced than that. 

學習通過模仿來說英語。我所說的模仿，并不是要你把母語人士所說的話一字不落的重復跟讀來提高你的發(fā)音，我說的這個方法要比這個好用多了。

here's how it works: you listen to a conversation, a story, or some kind of speech, and then try to deliver that speech in your own words.

它是這樣的：在你聽了一段對話，一個故事，或者演講視頻，嘗試著用你自己的話來復述出來。

let's see this technique in action:

(讓我們看看實際操作是怎樣的）

(聽) when I was a child.
(說) when he was a child. 

(聽) my parents liked to pretend, like many other parents.
(說) his parents liked to pretend, like many other parents.

(聽) that SantaClauswould bring us presents at Christmas.
(說)hisparents like topretend that Santa Claus would bring them presents at Christmas.

(聽) so when my siblings and I would wake up on Christmas morning,
(說)so when he and his siblings would wake up on Christmas morning.

(聽) There’d be abunch of presents, from supposedly. Santa clause, sitting in front of the fireplace,(說) there’d a bunch of presents, from supposedly Santa clause sitting in front of the fireplace.

So that's how it works. but that's just oneway to do it, there are other ways too. for example, instead of imitating small portions of speech, like phrases and short sentences, you can imitatelarger portions of speech. 

這個技巧就是這么操作的。但是這只是一種操作方法，還有其他的方法。例如，不僅僅是模仿演講中的短語和短句，這樣的小塊段落，你還可以模仿更大的段落。

so in this case, you wait until the speaker completeat hought or an idea. then pause and try to express that idea yourself. another approach is to simply listen to the whole speech, and then try to deliver that entire speech yourself. 

所以在這種情況下，你要等到演講者說完一個完整的觀點后，暫停視頻，然后試著自己把這個觀點表達出來。另一種方法就是單純地聽完整個演講，然后試著用自己的話復述完整個演講。

so there are several ways to go about it.But what I recommend is to combine them all together, and I called this approach easy-to-hard imitation.

所以其實有很多種方法應用這個技巧。但我的建議是把它們全部結合在一起，我把這種方法稱為“從易到難模仿法”。

Easy-to-hard imitationis based on the concept of progressive training. the idea is that your startwith something easy and then increase the difficulty of the activity, forcing yourself to get better. 

從易到難模仿法是建立在漸進式訓練的概念上而設計的。重點就是，從一些簡單的內容開始，然后增加練習的難度，逼著自己變強。許多研究都發(fā)現(xiàn)這種培訓是非常有效的。

A number of studies have found this kind of training to be very effective. here's how you can apply this concept: start by imitating small portions of speech first, like phrases and short sentences, 

接下來教你如何應用這個概念：首先以演講為例，模仿演講中小塊段落，比如短語和短句，

then move onto imitating larger portions of speech, like long sentences or even groups of sentences, and finally, try to deliver the entire speech on your own.

然后繼續(xù)模仿更大的段落，比如長句乃至整段的句子。最后，試著獨自復述完整個演講。

This technique offers many benefits. you get to listen and imitate correct English, which helps you learn to form sentences properly. you get to learn idioms, expressions, 

運用這個技巧有許多好處。你可以練習聽力和模仿正確的英語發(fā)音，這有助于你學會說出正確完整的句子。你還可以學到英語中的慣用語、表達方式

and other speaking patterns that are used in day-to-day conversations. you get to learn grandma, when you imitate other people, you're learning grandma through a process called implicit learning. 

和日常對話中經(jīng)常使用的其它口語句式。你還可以學到語法，當你模仿別人的時候，你其實在用一個叫做“隱性學習”的過程來學習語法，

this is the process where the learning happens without you rawareness.This is how baby and children learn the grandma rules of their first language. when you imitate, you don't think about grandma. 

就是指在你沒有意識的情況下學習。這就是嬰兒和兒童如何學習他們母語語法的方式。當你模仿的時候，你不會去想語法。

You’re not try to understand why the present perfect tense is used in this situation or in that situation. Instead, you’re focused on communication, on understanding and expressing ideas. 

你也并不會試著去理解為什么現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)被用在這種情境下或那種情境下。相反，你專注于溝通，理解和表達想法。

You still letting grandma but you're not aware that is happening. this is one of the proper ways to learn grandma. OK, that concludes this video to help you get started, 

你依然在學習語法，但你沒有意識到你在學習。這就是學習語法的正確方法之一。好了, 這段視頻的結尾是為了幫助你開始, 

I've put together a step-by-step tutorial on this technique. If you interested, click here to go to that tutorial.

我已經(jīng)把這個技術上的一個熟練的。如果您有興趣, 請點擊此處轉到該教程。

Remark：中文譯文為機翻，望諒解！視頻、演講稿均來源于TED官網(wǎng)，一切權益歸TED所有，更多TED相關信息可至官網(wǎng)www.ted.com查詢！