【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】 理解冠詞的基本用法 名詞是禿子,常要戴帽子,
冠詞是虛詞,本身不能單獨(dú)使用,也沒有詞義,它用在名詞的前面,幫助指明名詞的含義。 冠詞可以說是名詞的一種標(biāo)志,它不能離開名詞而獨(dú)立存在。表示的名詞數(shù)量或者特征 。 (1)冠詞的分類 冠詞分為不定冠詞'a,an'、定冠詞'the'和零冠詞'(/)'三種,零冠詞指的是不用冠詞的情況。 口訣: a與an兩種體,不重?cái)?shù)量相當(dāng)“一” 可數(shù)名詞首次提,有時(shí)還可表“每一” a tiger an hour a university an apple an old friend a friend a student an English teacher 不定冠詞有'a和an'兩種形式。'a'用在以輔音音素開頭的詞前,而不是輔音字母前;'an'用在以元音音素開頭的詞前,而不是元音字母前
(2) 不定冠詞的用法 1.a和an均用在單數(shù)名詞之前,表示某一 類人或事物。 Tom is a hard-working student. 湯姆是一個(gè)勤奮的學(xué)生。 Kate is an English teacher. 凱特是一個(gè)英語老師。 2.指某一類人或事物中的任何一個(gè)。 A steel worker makes steel. 鋼鐵工人煉鐵。 Pass me an apple,please. 請(qǐng)遞給我一個(gè)蘋果。 3.泛指某人或某物,但不具體說明何人或何物。 A student wants to see you. 有個(gè)學(xué)生想見你。 A girl is waiting for you outside. 有個(gè)女孩正在外面等你。 4.表示“每一”的意 思,相當(dāng)于every。 Take the medicine three times a day. 這種藥每天吃三次。 They go to see their grandparents once a week. 他們每周去看一次他們的祖父母。
用在一些固定搭配里: have a walk散步 have a rest休息 have a look看一看 in a hurry匆匆忙忙 make a face做鬼臉 do somebody a favour幫某人忙 a number of許多 have a good time玩得愉快 have a cold感冒 have a headache頭痛
定冠詞的用法口訣: 特指雙熟悉,上文已提及; 1.特指某(些)人或某 (些)事物 The book on the desk is an English dictionary. Beijing is the capital of China. 2.指說話人和聽話人都熟悉的人或事物。 Open the door,please. Jack is in the library. 3.上文提到過的人或 事物。 Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike.The bike cost him 200 yuan. 4. 表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物。 The sun is bigger than the moon. 用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)之前。 Shanghai is the biggest city in China. January is the first month of the year. 5.用在某些形容詞之前,表示某一類人或事物。 The nurse is kind to the sick. We should take good care of the old. 6.用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)之前,表示“某某一家人”,“某 某夫婦” The Browns have been in China for over two years.
用在一些固定搭配 里面。 in the morning/afternoon上/下午 in the sun在陽光下 in the same way同樣 in the daytime白天 in the end最終 on the other hand另一方面 on the contrary相反
零冠詞的用法口訣: 下列情況應(yīng)免冠,代詞限定名詞前; 1.名詞前已有作定語用的this,that,my,your,whose,some,any,no,each,every等代詞時(shí),不用冠詞。 That is my cup. I have some questions. Go down this street. 2. 某些專有名詞、抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前一般不用冠詞。 China,Canada,Japanese,glass,water,love... 3. 三餐的名稱前,球類活動(dòng),學(xué)科和節(jié)目名詞前,常不用 冠詞。 I have lunch at home. He often plays football after class. We have English and mathevery day. 4.復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時(shí),不用冠詞。 They are workers. We are students. 5.節(jié)日、季節(jié)、星期、月份前。 Christmas, Children’s Day, spring , Monday, March. 6.表示顏色(如:It's red / yellow.)、語種 (如:speak English/Japanese)和國家的非全稱名詞 (如:We live in China. They come from America.)。 7. 稱呼語前不用冠詞,表示頭銜和職務(wù)的名詞前也不加冠詞。 I don’t feel well today,Mother. Bush Was made president of the U.S.A. 8.在某些固定詞組里,名詞之前常不用冠詞。 by air 坐飛機(jī) at night在晚上 at home在家 go to bed上床睡覺 go to school 去學(xué)校 on foot 步行 from morning till night從早到晚
1. What ____ useful book! And ____ book is popular with students. A.a;a B.an;a C.the;the D.a;the 【解析】答案為D。本題考查的是不定冠詞a和an和定冠詞the的用法。a用于以輔音音素開頭的單詞前,而an用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前。useful是以輔音音素開頭的單詞,所以用a;第二個(gè)空考查的是第二次提到的事物,用定冠詞the,故選擇D。 2.Jack likes playing ____ soccer,but he doesn’t like playing ____ piano. A./;/ B.the;/ C.the;the D./;the 【解析】答案為D。本題考查的是定冠詞的用法和不用冠詞的情況。在樂器名詞前要加定冠詞the,而在球類名詞前則不加冠詞,故選擇D。 3. I hope we can fly to ____ moon one day. A.a B.an C.the D./ 【解析】答案為C。本題考查的是定冠詞的用法。在世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前要用定冠詞the,故選擇C。 4. Look!____man over there is Li Lei’s father. A.An B.A C.The 【解析】答案為c。本題考查的是定冠詞特指的用法。在特指的名詞前要用定冠詞the,本題特指“那邊的那個(gè)男人是李雷的爸爸”,故選擇C。 5. Mary has a bad cold.She has to stay in ____ bed. A.a B./ C.the 【解析】答案為B。本題考查的是不用冠詞的情況。stay in bed是固定短語,不需要用冠詞,故選B。
1. Since tasting the excitement of _____ big city life, she never wants to live in _____ country again. A. the, the B. 不填,不填 C. the, 不填 D. 不填,the 【解析】選D,big city life 表泛指,其前不用冠詞;country 表示“農(nóng)村”時(shí),其前習(xí)慣上要用定冠詞。 2. Many people agree that ______ knowledge of English is a must in _______ international trade today. A. the, an B. a, 不填 C. the, the D. 不填, the 【解析】 選B。knowledge 雖為不可數(shù)名詞,但其前卻可用不定冠詞,表示某種程度的知識(shí),有類似some的意思;第二空不填冠詞,是因?yàn)?/span>trade 為不可數(shù)名詞,表示泛指時(shí)不用冠詞。 3. The cakes are delicious. I’d like to have _______ third one as _______ second one I ate was too small. A.the, the B. a, the C.the, a D. a, a 【解析】 選B。序數(shù)詞前通常用定冠詞,表示特指(如第二空);有時(shí)也用不定冠詞,表示原有數(shù)量上的增加(如第一空)。 4. I often have conversations with John over ______ telephone, while keep in touch with Tom by ______ letter. A. 不填;the B. 不填;a C. the;不填 D. the; a 【解析】 選 擇 C。over [on] the telephone為習(xí)語,意為“通過電話”;若用 by telephone 則不用冠詞,類似地,by letter(通過信件)也不用冠詞。 5. As is known to us all, _____ tiger is in _____ danger of becoming extinct. A. the, a B. the, 不填 C. a, 不填 D. 不填, the 【解析】選B,當(dāng)概括事物的種類時(shí),用定冠詞,不用不定冠詞;另外in danger of 是短語,不用冠詞。
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