縱觀近幾年的高考試題及我們平常的模擬試題,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)短文改錯主要有以下十大錯誤。 1.形容詞與副詞的誤用:exciting與excited,hard與hardly,possible與possibly,here與there等以及形容詞與副詞的比較級與最高級的誤用。 2.名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的誤用:在several,many,various,different,a few,one of等之后常用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,在every與each之后常用名詞的單數(shù)形式。 3.代詞的誤用:he與she,you與your,its與its,it與they或them,one與ones,賓格(如me)與反身代詞(如myself)等的誤用。 4.介詞的誤用、缺少或多余:in與on,to與for,instead與instead of,because與because of等的誤用。 5.時態(tài)的錯誤:看一篇文章,要有一種大局觀,要瞻前顧后,看看上下文的時態(tài)是否一致。 6.連詞的誤用:or與and的誤用,and與but的誤用,so與but的誤用,because與so連用,although/though與but連用等。 7.動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 8.一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)的誤用。如so...that被誤用作very...that,too...to被誤用作very...to,as...as被誤用作so...as等。 9.定語從句中which,that,when,where等關(guān)系詞的誤用。 10.一些常用詞,如what與how,except與besides等的誤用,any與some以及它們的合成詞如anything與something,anywhere與somewhere等混淆不清。 例題 I was made our school football teams captain for the final game.My entire family showed up to cheer me up.The only person that wouldnt be there to support me were my father.He has been working overseas for a few year.And I understood how my dad couldnt be here for them.But when my father heard about the game, he was determining to surprise me.After the announcer told me to turn back just before a game, I was shocked to see my father running to me.Then he gave to me a big hug and told me how proudly he was of me.It was the first time I hugged my dad. 答案解析 本文是一篇記敘文。作者成為足球隊的隊長即將參加決賽,父親專門從海外趕回來為他加油,并在比賽之前給了兒子一個大大的驚喜和擁抱。本文體現(xiàn)了父愛無疆這個亙古不變的真理。 1.me后的up→on 考查副詞。cheer sb.on意為'為某人加油',而cheer sb.up意為'使某人變得更高興,使某人振奮起來'。根據(jù)語境可知此處應(yīng)是全家人為作者加油。 2.were→was 考查主謂一致。此處句子主語是'The only person',故謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,且根據(jù)語境可知,此處應(yīng)用過去時。 3.year→years 考查名詞。此處year前面為a few,修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),故應(yīng)用year的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 4.how→why 考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知,此處表示作者理解父親為什么不能來為他加油。 5.them→me 考查代詞。根據(jù)語境可知,此處表示為了作者本人而非別人。 6.determining→determined 考查非謂語動詞。be determined to do...意為'決心做某事'。 7.a→the 考查冠詞。game在前文中已出現(xiàn),故用定冠詞表特指。 8.去掉gave后的to 考查介詞。give后跟雙賓語,不需要介詞。 9.proudly→proud 考查形容詞。be proud of是固定短語,意為'因……而驕傲'。 10.hugged前加had 考查動詞的時態(tài)。'It is/was the first time that+主語...'是固定句式,意為'這是某人第一次做……',that從句常用完成時。主句中用了過去時was,故從句用過去完成時。 |
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