今天給大家?guī)淼氖?/span> 新人教版九年級(jí)課本前考點(diǎn)總結(jié)(下) 非常不錯(cuò)的資料 一定要好好利用起來啊 I used to be afraid of the dark. 【重點(diǎn)短語】 1. be more interested in 對(duì)…更感興趣 2. on the swim team 游泳隊(duì)的隊(duì)員 3. be terrified of 害怕 4. gym class 體操課 5. worry about 擔(dān)心 6. all the time 一直,總是 7. chat with 與…閑聊 8. hardly ever 幾乎從不 9. walk to school = go to school on foot 步行去上學(xué) take the bus to school = go to school by bus 乘車去上學(xué) 10. as well as 不僅…而且... 【考點(diǎn)詳解】 1. used to do sth. 過去常常做某事 (這個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)考的很多,大家要注意這個(gè)短語的意思,還要記著used后面用的是不定式to do) 如:He used to play football after school. 放學(xué)后他過去常常踢足球?! ?/span> 2. play the piano 彈鋼琴(play后面如果跟西洋樂器,大家記住,中間要加the,如果是中國樂器,不加the,如:play erhu) 3. ①be interested in sth. 對(duì)…感興趣 ②be interested in doing sth. 對(duì)做…感興趣(對(duì)于這兩個(gè)用法大家一定要掌握,切記切記) 如:He is interested in math, but he isn't interested in speaking English. 他對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)感興趣,但是他對(duì)說英語不感興趣。 4. interested adj. 感興趣的,指人對(duì)某事物感興趣,往往主語是人 interesting adj.有趣的,指某事物/某人具有趣味,主語往往是物(對(duì)于interested和interesting要區(qū)分清楚,一個(gè)主語往往是人,一個(gè)主語往往是物) 5. be terrified of sth. 害怕…… 如:I am terrified of the dog. be terrified of doing sth. 害怕做…… 如:I am terrified of speaking. 6. spend 動(dòng)詞,表示“花費(fèi)金錢、時(shí)間”(spend和pay for它們的主語都是人,這一點(diǎn)大家要清楚) ①spend…on sth. 在某事上花費(fèi)(金錢、時(shí)間)(重要考點(diǎn)) ②spend…(in)doing sth. 花費(fèi)(金錢、時(shí)間)去做某事 (重要考點(diǎn),尤其要注意動(dòng)名詞,也就是動(dòng)詞的ing形式) 如:He spends too much time on clothes. 他花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間在衣著上。 He spend 3 months (in) building the bridge. 他花費(fèi)了三個(gè)月去建這座橋。 7. take : 動(dòng)詞 ,有“花費(fèi)時(shí)間”的意思,常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有: It takes sb to do sth. 做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時(shí)間(在這個(gè)用法中,主語經(jīng)常是it,這一點(diǎn)要清楚,大家仔細(xì)看一下下面的例子)。 如:It takes me a day to read the book. 8. chat with sb. 與某人閑聊 如:I like to chat with him. 我喜歡和他聊天。 9. worry about sb./sth. 擔(dān)心某人/某事 , worry 是動(dòng)詞 be worried about sb./sth. 擔(dān)心某人/某事 , worried 是形容詞 如:Don't worry about him. 不用擔(dān)心他。 Mother is worried about her son. 媽媽擔(dān)心他的兒子。 10. all the time 一直,始終 11. take sb. to + 地方 送/帶某人去某個(gè)地方 如:A person took him to the hospital. 一個(gè)人把他送到了醫(yī)院。 12. hardly adv. 幾乎不、沒有。 hardly 修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí),通常放在助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前, 如:I can hardly understand them. 我?guī)缀醪荒軌蛎靼姿麄儭?/span> I hardly have time to do it. 我?guī)缀鯖]有時(shí)間去做了。 13. in the last few years. 在過去的幾年內(nèi),常與完成時(shí)連用 如: I have lived in China in the last few years. 在過去的幾年內(nèi)我在中國住。 14. be different from 與...…不同(常見考點(diǎn),考的最多的是它的意思,大家只需要記住它的意思,做題的時(shí)候具體問題再具體分析即可) 15. 不定式與疑問詞連用:動(dòng)詞不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引導(dǎo)的疑問句連用,構(gòu)成不定式短語。 如:The question is when to start. 問題是什么時(shí)候開始。 I don't know where to go. 我不知道去哪。 16. make sb./sth. + 形容詞 make you happy make sb./sth. + 動(dòng)詞原形 make him laugh 17. move to +地方 搬到某地 如:I moved to Beijing last year. 18. it seems that +從句 看起來好像…… (重要考點(diǎn)) 如:It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起來他好像變了許多。 19. help sb. with sth. 在某方面幫助某人(注意介詞with,在某方面幫助要用這個(gè)介詞) help sb(to)do sth. 幫某人做某事(to經(jīng)常省略) She helped me with English. 她幫助我學(xué)英語。 She helped me(to)study English. 她幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語。 20. fifteen-year-old 作形容詞 ,15歲的(有一點(diǎn)要提醒大家,中間的year用的是單數(shù))如:a fifteen-year-old boy 一個(gè)15歲的男孩 fifteen years old 指年齡,15歲。 21. can't afford to do sth. 支付不起…… can't afford sth. 支付不起… 如:I can't afford to buy the car.=I can't afford the car. 我買不起這個(gè)輛小車。 22. as + 形容詞/副詞+ as sb+could/can 盡某人所能 如:Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她盡她最快的能力去跑。 23. get into trouble with 遇到麻煩 24. in the end 最后 25. make a decision :下決定,下決心 26. to one's surprise :令某人驚訝(往往出現(xiàn)在完型中,讓我們填surprise) 如:to their surprise 令他們驚訝 to LiLei's surprise 令李雷驚訝 27. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪 如:His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸總是以他而自豪 28. pay attention to sth. 對(duì)…注意,留心 如:You must pay attention to your friend. 你應(yīng)該多注意你的朋友。 29. be able to do sth. 能夠,有能力做某事 如:She is able to do it. 她能夠做到。 30. give up doing sth. 放棄做某事(注意up后面用的是動(dòng)詞的ing形式) 如:My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已經(jīng)放棄吸煙了。 31. 不再 ①no more =no longer 如:I play tennis no more.我不再打網(wǎng)球。 ②not …any more = not …any longer 如: I don't play tennis any longer. 我不再打網(wǎng)球。 【重點(diǎn)語法】反意疑問句 反義疑問句遵循這樣一個(gè)原則,前肯定后否定,前否定后肯定?!?/span> 1. 肯定陳述句+否定提問 如:Lily is a student, isn't she? 2. 否定陳述句+肯定提問 如:She doesn't come from China, does she? 3. 提問部分用代詞而不用名詞 如:Lily is a student, isn't she? 4. 陳述句中含有否定意義的詞 如:little, few, never, nothing, hardly等,其反意疑問句用肯定式(對(duì)于第四點(diǎn)大家不要忽視,尤其是列舉的這幾個(gè)詞,出題的時(shí)候經(jīng)常遇到,對(duì)于下面的兩個(gè)例子大家要仔細(xì)看一下,要把這個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)徹底搞懂)。 如:He knows little English, does he? 他一點(diǎn)也不懂英語,不是嗎? They hardly understood it, did they? 他們幾乎不明白,不是嗎? 5. 反意疑問句的陳述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意義的前綴構(gòu)成的詞語時(shí),陳述部分要視為肯定含義,問句部分用否定形式。如:Your father is unhappy, isn't he? The man is dishonest, isn't he? It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn't it? What are the shirts made of? 【重點(diǎn)短語】 1. be made of 由……制造 2. be made in 在……制造 3. environmental protection 環(huán)境保護(hù) 4. be famous for 以……而著名 5. be produced in 在……生產(chǎn) 6. be known for 以……聞名 7. as far as I know 據(jù)我所知 8. pick by hand 手工采摘 9. send for 發(fā)送 10. avoid doing sth 避免做某事 11. everyday things 日用品 【考點(diǎn)詳解】 1. made of 由……制(構(gòu))成,后接構(gòu)成某物質(zhì)的原料。 例:This skirt is made of silk.這件裙子是用絲綢制成的。 be made of/from/up of的區(qū)別 (1)be made of 表示制成成品后,仍可看出原材料是什么,保留原材料的質(zhì)和形狀,制作過程僅發(fā)生物理變化。 例:The kite is made of paper.風(fēng)箏是用紙做的。 (2)be made from 表示制成的東西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征,或原材料在制作過程中發(fā)生化學(xué)變化,在成品中已無法辨認(rèn)。 例:The paper is made from wood.紙是木頭做的。 Butter is made from milk. 黃油是從牛奶中提煉出來的。 (3)be made up of 用……構(gòu)成或組成的,指人、物皆可,指結(jié)構(gòu)成分。 例:Our class is made up of six groups. 我們班是由六個(gè)小組組成的。 2. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea. 好像全世界的許多人都在喝中國茶。 句型“It seems that…”意為“看起來好像/似乎……”,其中seem是連系動(dòng)詞,意為“似乎;好像”,句型中的it是形式主語,不能用其他代詞來替代。 例:It seems that he was late for the train. 看來他沒趕上火車。 seem的幾種常見結(jié)構(gòu): (1)seem to do sth此句型可與“It seems that…”轉(zhuǎn)換。 例:They seem to find the way to the cinema. =It seems that they find the way to the cinema. 他們似乎找到了去電影院的路了。 (2)seem+形容詞 例:My temperature seems (to be) all right. 我的體溫看上去正常了。 (3)seem+名詞 例: That seems not a bad idea. 看上去主意不錯(cuò)。 3. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing in factory. 當(dāng)茶葉成熟時(shí),就被用手工采摘然后送到工廠加工。 此句是由when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,are picked, are sent都是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。 例:When the fruit are ready, they are picked and are sent to the market for sale. 當(dāng)這些水果成熟后就被摘下來并送到市場(chǎng)上賣掉。 4. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries. 無論你買什么,你都可能認(rèn)為那些產(chǎn)品是在那些國家生產(chǎn)的。 此句為由'no matter +特殊疑問詞'引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。意為“無論….”,相當(dāng)于whatever。 例:No matter what I said to her, she still didn’t believe me. 無論我對(duì)她說什么,她仍然不相信我。 5. find out, 查出,找到。 例:The police are trying to find out where the boy got off the train. 警察正在查找這個(gè)男孩是從哪下的火車。 find,find out和look for都含有“尋找、找到”的意思,但其含義和用法卻不同。 ① find意為“找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)”,通常指找到或發(fā)現(xiàn)具體的東西,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是找的結(jié)果。 Will you find mea pen? 你替我找支鋼筆好嗎? ② look for意為“尋找”,是有目的地找,強(qiáng)調(diào)“尋找”這一動(dòng)作。 例:I’m looking for my pen everywhere. 我正到處找我的鋼筆。 He is looking for his shoes. 他在找他的鞋子。 ③ find out意為“找出、發(fā)現(xiàn)、查明”,多指通過調(diào)查、尋問、打聽、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”,通常含有“經(jīng)過困難曲折”的含義,指找出較難找到的、無形的、抽象的東西。 例:Please find out when the train leaves. 請(qǐng)查一下火車什么時(shí)候離站。 Read this passage,and find out the answer to this question. 【重點(diǎn)語法】 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 一. 概念理解 1. 時(shí)態(tài):在英語語言中,時(shí)態(tài)主要討論行為動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間。 如:He often helps me with my English. 他經(jīng)常幫助我學(xué)英語。(help這個(gè)動(dòng)作經(jīng)常發(fā)生often;故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)) 2. 語態(tài):在英語語言中,語態(tài)主要討論句子主語與行為動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系。語態(tài)有兩種:主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 ① 主語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者(執(zhí)行者)為主動(dòng)語態(tài)。 如: The tall boy often hits his classmates (主語boy是謂語動(dòng)詞hit的發(fā)出者)。 ② 主語是動(dòng)作的接受者(承受者)為被動(dòng)語態(tài)。漢語中常用“被”、“給”、“由”、“受”等詞用來表示被動(dòng),而英語用:助動(dòng)詞be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成 如: Chinese is spoken by the most people in the world(主語Chinese是謂語動(dòng)詞speak的承受者)。 3. 語態(tài)與時(shí)態(tài)的關(guān)系:在任何一個(gè)英語句子中都同時(shí)存在語態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài),他們是分析一個(gè)英語句子的兩個(gè)主要元素。 如:① He is looking after his sister at home. (此句為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的主動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)) ② He is being looked after well by his parents. (此句為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)) 二. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)最基本的句型結(jié)構(gòu): be +及物動(dòng)詞過去分詞 說明:① be 有時(shí)態(tài),人稱和數(shù)的變化。 ② 被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞;因?yàn)楸粍?dòng)句中的主語是動(dòng)作的承受者,某些短語動(dòng)詞如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等,也可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 三. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的使用 1. 當(dāng)不知道或沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí),常用被動(dòng)語態(tài),這時(shí)往往不用by 短語。 Mr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after class. (只是告訴老師杯子壞了,不知是誰弄壞的,或不想說出誰弄壞的)。 2. 突出或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者,如果需要說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,用by 短語。 如:The cup was broken by Paul. 四. 主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的變法: 主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)之間如何轉(zhuǎn)換 1. 把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語。 2. 把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的be + 過去分詞,時(shí)態(tài)要與原句保持一致。 3. 把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語,放在被動(dòng)語態(tài)里謂語動(dòng)詞之后,by 短語可以省略。如果原句主語是地點(diǎn)名詞,在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中用in + 地點(diǎn)名詞作狀語。 五. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):am /is/ are +done 如:Tea is grown in Hangzhou. 杭州種植茶葉。 When was it invented? 【重點(diǎn)短語】 1. by accident 偶然地;意外地 2. without doubt 毫無疑問的;的確 3. by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地 4. look up to 欽佩;仰慕 5. take place 發(fā)生;出現(xiàn) 6. all of a sudden 突然;猛地 7. divide…into… 把……分成...... 8. the Olympics 奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì) 9. the style of ……的樣式 10. be used for 被用于…… 【考點(diǎn)詳解】 1. invent v. 發(fā)明 inventor n. 發(fā)明家 invention n. 發(fā)明 2. be used for doing 用來做…(是被動(dòng)語態(tài))(這個(gè)短語的考點(diǎn)有兩點(diǎn),一是used for的意思,二是for后面用動(dòng)名詞) Pens are used for writing. 筆是用來寫的。 3. 給某人某樣?xùn)|西 give sth. to sb. I gave a pen to him. 我給他一支筆。 give sb. sth. I gave him a pen. 我給他一支筆。 4. all day 整天 5. salty adj. 咸的 salt n. 鹽 6. by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地(犯錯(cuò):make mistake,這些常見的短語大家務(wù)必要掌握) I took the umbrella by mistake. 我不小心拿錯(cuò)了雨傘。 8. by accident 意外,偶然(常見短語,考的最多的是它的意思) I met her by accident at bus stop. 我在公共汽車站意外地見到了她。 9. not…until… 直到…才…(重中之重,這個(gè)用法非常重要?。?/span> I didn't go to bed until I finished my work. 我直到完成我的工作才去睡覺。 10. according to +名詞,根據(jù)… according to this article 根據(jù)這篇文章 11. over an open fire 野飲 12. leaf n. 葉子 復(fù)數(shù)形式 leaves 13. nearby adj. 附近的 14. fall into 落入,掉進(jìn) The leaf fell into the river. 葉子落入了河里。 fall down 摔倒 She fell down from her bike. 她從她自行車摔倒了。 15. quite 非常 adv. 與冠詞a連用時(shí),冠詞a必須放在它的后面 quite a beautiful girl 一個(gè)漂亮的女孩 17. pleased adj. 表示外部因素引起人發(fā)自內(nèi)心的欣慰和愉快 pleasant adj. 愉快,高興。指天氣、時(shí)間、旅行令人高興愉快 please v. 使高興 18. battery-operated adj. 電池控制的,是名詞+動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)動(dòng)分詞構(gòu)成的合成形容詞 19. in the sixth century 在第6世紀(jì) 20. travel around 周游 21. more than == over 超過(相比較,more than更重要) more than 300 == over 300 超過300 22. including 包括,可以與名詞和動(dòng)名詞連用 Six people, including a baby, were hurt. 6個(gè)人包括一個(gè)小孩受傷了。 23. have been played 被上演 ,是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu):have/has been +過去分詞。 24. be born 出生 (常見短語) He was born in Canada. 他在加拿大出生。 25. safety n. 安全 safe adj. 安全的 26. knock into 撞上(某人) 27. divide sth. into…,將…劃分成...,通常指將一個(gè)整體分成幾個(gè)對(duì)應(yīng)相對(duì)的部分 Let's divide ourselves into 4 groups. 讓我們把我們自己劃成4組。 28. since then 從那以后,常與完成時(shí)態(tài)連用 【重點(diǎn)語法】 一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 1. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示句子的主語是謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作承受者。 2. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu):be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的be 是助動(dòng)詞,有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)為:am/is/are+過去分詞 一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)為:was/were+ 過去分詞 A lot of trees were planted here last year. 與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用的被動(dòng)語態(tài):情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + 過去分詞(關(guān)于被動(dòng)語態(tài),大家一定要熟悉,這個(gè)在中考的時(shí)候?qū)儆谑潜乜純?nèi)容,而且是重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容) |