原文鏈接:http://blog.csdn.net/xyang81/article/details/51759200
安裝環(huán)境:CentOS7 64位 MINI版,安裝MySQL5.7
1、配置YUM源
在MySQL官網(wǎng)中下載YUM源rpm安裝包:http://dev./downloads/repo/yum/
# 下載mysql源安裝包
shell> wget http://dev./get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
# 安裝mysql源
shell> yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
檢查mysql源是否安裝成功
shell> yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
看到上圖所示表示安裝成功
2、安裝MySQL
shell> yum install mysql-community-server
3、啟動(dòng)MySQL服務(wù)
shell> systemctl start mysqld
查看MySQL的啟動(dòng)狀態(tài)
shell> systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 五 2016-06-24 04:37:37 CST; 35min ago
Main PID: 2888 (mysqld)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─2888 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
6月 24 04:37:36 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
6月 24 04:37:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
4、開機(jī)啟動(dòng)
shell> systemctl enable mysqld
shell> systemctl daemon-reload
5、修改root默認(rèn)密碼
mysql安裝完成之后,在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中給root生成了一個(gè)默認(rèn)密碼。通過(guò)下面的方式找到root默認(rèn)密碼,然后登錄mysql進(jìn)行修改:
shell> grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
shell> mysql -uroot -p
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
或者
mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('MyNewPass4!');
注意:mysql5.7默認(rèn)安裝了密碼安全檢查插件(validate_password),默認(rèn)密碼檢查策略要求密碼必須包含:大小寫字母、數(shù)字和特殊符號(hào),并且長(zhǎng)度不能少于8位。否則會(huì)提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements錯(cuò)誤,如下圖所示:
通過(guò)msyql環(huán)境變量可以查看密碼策略的相關(guān)信息:
mysql> show variables like '%password%';
validate_password_policy:密碼策略,默認(rèn)為MEDIUM策略 validate_password_dictionary_file:密碼策略文件,策略為STRONG才需要 validate_password_length:密碼最少長(zhǎng)度 validate_password_mixed_case_count:大小寫字符長(zhǎng)度,至少1個(gè) validate_password_number_count :數(shù)字至少1個(gè) validate_password_special_char_count:特殊字符至少1個(gè) 上述參數(shù)是默認(rèn)策略MEDIUM的密碼檢查規(guī)則。
共有以下幾種密碼策略:
策略 |
檢查規(guī)則 |
0 or LOW |
Length |
1 or MEDIUM |
Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters |
2 or STRONG |
Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file |
MySQL官網(wǎng)密碼策略詳細(xì)說(shuō)明:http://dev./doc/refman/5.7/en/validate-password-options-variables.html#sysvar_validate_password_policy
修改密碼策略
在/etc/my.cnf文件添加validate_password_policy配置,指定密碼策略
# 選擇0(LOW),1(MEDIUM),2(STRONG)其中一種,選擇2需要提供密碼字典文件
validate_password_policy=0
如果不需要密碼策略,添加my.cnf文件中添加如下配置禁用即可:
validate_password = off
重新啟動(dòng)mysql服務(wù)使配置生效:
systemctl restart mysqld
6、添加遠(yuǎn)程登錄用戶
默認(rèn)只允許root帳戶在本地登錄,如果要在其它機(jī)器上連接mysql,必須修改root允許遠(yuǎn)程連接,或者添加一個(gè)允許遠(yuǎn)程連接的帳戶,為了安全起見(jiàn),我添加一個(gè)新的帳戶:
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'yangxin'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Yangxin0917!' WITH GRANT OPTION;
7、配置默認(rèn)編碼為utf8
修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件,在[mysqld]下添加編碼配置,如下所示:
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
重新啟動(dòng)mysql服務(wù),查看數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)默認(rèn)編碼如下所示:
默認(rèn)配置文件路徑: 配置文件:/etc/my.cnf 日志文件:/var/log//var/log/mysqld.log 服務(wù)啟動(dòng)腳本:/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service socket文件:/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
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