完形填空高頻動詞短語的辨析     

與動詞搭配的詞非常多，有介詞、副詞等。常見的有同一動詞與不同的介詞或副詞搭配，也有不同的動詞與相同的介詞或副詞搭配。動詞短語在完形填空的試題中占的比例比較大。一個動詞+介詞或者副詞構(gòu)成的短語通常為考查的重點?？忌私獬Ｒ妱釉~所構(gòu)成的詞組的基本用法，同時還要注意辨析相似詞組的差異。但是這樣的試題不是注重考查詞義的辨析，而是側(cè)重于考查動詞短語在具體語境中的應(yīng)用。

1.動詞+介詞，后面常接名詞、代詞作其賓語，該名詞或代詞必須放在介詞的后面。如果后接代詞，代詞要用賓格形式。     

approve of贊成

arrive at 到達

belong to 屬于  

consist of 由……構(gòu)成 

depend on 依靠  

go over 檢查 

listen to 聽  

look after照顧，照料   

look at看   

look for 尋找 

look into 調(diào)查  

rely on 依靠 

send for 請……來

take after 像

think about 考慮 

 2.動詞+副詞，后面可以接名詞、代詞作其賓語。接名詞時，該名詞可放在副詞之后，也可放在動詞和副詞之間。      

break down出故障   

eat up 吃光 

give out 分發(fā)

give up 放棄 

hold up 舉起  

pick out挑選  

put off 推遲   

put on 穿；上演 

run  off 復(fù)印，復(fù)制

turn on 打開

try on 試穿 take away解除 

think over仔細考慮   

use up 用盡，吃光 

 3.動詞+副詞+介詞     

catch up with趕上

come up with找到（答案），拿出（一筆錢等） 

do away with廢除

get along with 與……相處

go on with 繼續(xù)

get out of 逃避，規(guī)避

hold on to堅持

keep up with跟上

keep away from遠離

live up to不辜負

look down upon 輕視  

look forward to 期待 

put up with容忍

think highly of對……高度評價

 4.動詞+名詞+介詞     

catch hold of 抓住  

have a word with與……交談  

have a look at看一看   

give lessons to 給……上課

make friends with與……交朋友

make fun of 取笑

make room for給……讓出空間

shake hands with與……握手

take care of 照顧

 5.動詞+介詞+名詞     

come into effect生效

例題：

The nurse had him take a 36(seat) in the waiting area, 37(telling) him it would be at least 40 minutes 38(before) someone would be able to see him. I saw him  39(looking)  at his watch and decided，since I was  40(not)  busy — my patient didn’t’t   41  at the appointed hour, I would examine his wound... (2010·全國卷Ⅰ)     

41.A. turn up              B. show off               C. come on                        D. go away

解析  A?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。根據(jù)第41空前面的"I was  not  busy"和后面的"at the appointed hour"可知作者不忙的原因是他的病人在約定的時間內(nèi)還沒有來。故選A。turn up意為"出現(xiàn)，露面"。show off"炫耀"；come on"改進，改善，加油"；go away"走開"。     

Finally, we 45   a crossroad near a highway. Lady Luck suggested I should turn left. We did and  46(shortly) reached a cottage beside a field... (2010·湖南卷)     

45. A. left for            B. went off           C. came to               D. drove toward

解析  C?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。根據(jù)后面Lady Luck建議作者向左拐可知，他們是來到了一個高速公路的十字路口處。leave for"動身去"； go off"爆炸，開火"；drive toward"開車朝著……而去"。     

So I  31  a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans ([HTK]孤兒[HT]) at the Christmas party...  (2010·浙江卷)

31. A. kept up with     B. caught up with     C. came up with       D. put up with

解析C?？疾閯釉~短語的辨析。此處意為"我想出了一個計劃，并且組織我公司里的40個人來幫忙"。keep up with"跟上"；catch up with"追上，趕上"；put up with"容忍"。