英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)是學(xué)習(xí)英語的關(guān)鍵。我們要對它格外重視。因此精品小編為大家整理了這篇句型解析:初中英語的五大基本句型以供大家參考。 英語句子是由主語(subject), 謂語動(dòng)詞(verb),賓語(object), 表語(predicative),狀語(adverbial),賓語補(bǔ)足語(object complement)等成分組成,按照這些成分的組合方式英語句子可分為五種基本句型。 句型一:主語+不及物動(dòng)詞 不及物動(dòng)詞本身就可以表達(dá)完整的意念, 不需要賓語及補(bǔ)語, 但有時(shí)可有副詞, 介詞短語等狀語修飾語。 e.g. The rain stopped . The old man walks in the park . 句型一的擴(kuò)展:1.主語+不及物動(dòng)詞+狀語 e.g. The machine works smoothly. (機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常。) 2.There +不及物動(dòng)詞+主語 e.g. There is some milk in the bottle . There comes the bus . 3. 主語+不及物動(dòng)詞+ 動(dòng)詞不定式 e.g. They stopped to take a short rest . (他們停下來稍作休息) 特別提醒 動(dòng)詞stop 可用作不及物動(dòng)詞,也可用作及物動(dòng)詞。作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí), 通常后接動(dòng)詞不定式,表示停下來的目的是做另一件事。作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),通常后接動(dòng)名詞,表示停止做這件事。 e.g. They stopped taking a rest . 句型二 :主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語 系動(dòng)詞本身不能表達(dá)完整的意念沒,需要形容詞,名詞,介詞短語等來補(bǔ)充說明主語,也叫主語補(bǔ)語。 e.g. My sister is a nurse . I feel quite hungry . The ball is under the desk . 句型三:主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語 及物動(dòng)詞本身需要一個(gè)動(dòng)作的接受者(賓語),才可以表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意念。 e.g. We are learning English . Do you know him ? Your radio needs repairing . She hopes to see her uncle. 句型四:主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語 有些及物動(dòng)詞需要兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整意念。 e.g. Her mother bought her a skirt. Give me the book, please. 特別提醒 A. 在此句型中, 通常是間接賓語(人)在前,直接賓語(物)在后,有時(shí)直接賓語和間接賓語可以對調(diào),這時(shí)間接賓語前應(yīng)加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。 e.g. Her mother bought a skirt for her . Give the book to me , please . 直接賓語與間接賓語對調(diào)時(shí),間接賓語前加介詞to的動(dòng)詞有: give(給), tell(告訴) , lend(借給) , sell(賣), teach(教) , send(寄給), write(寫給), show(出示) , return(還給), bring(帶給), pass(遞給), leave(留給), offer(提供), hand(交給) 間接賓語前加介詞for的動(dòng)詞有: buy(買), choose(選擇), get (弄到), make(做), order(訂購), sing (唱歌), do (做), play(演奏) B. 如果直接賓語為人稱代詞那么必須把直接賓放在間接賓語前,且間接賓語前要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。 e.g. I handed it to our teacher . 不能說:I handed our teacher it . C. 此句型變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),可分為兩種情況。 e.g. Her mother bought her a skirt . a. She was bought a skirt by her mother . b. A skirt was bought for her by her mother. 句型五:主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語 及物動(dòng)詞本身需要一個(gè)賓語外, 還需要一個(gè)名詞,形容詞,副詞, 動(dòng)詞不定式,分詞來補(bǔ)充說明賓語,才能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意念。 e.g. We elected Li Yang our monitor. The news made us sad. She saw the thief steal into the shop . The teacher asked me to answer the question . I found the man stealing the money . I found my money stolen . 特別提醒 A. 現(xiàn)在分詞為賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),賓語與現(xiàn)在分詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系;過去分詞為賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),賓語與過去分詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 B. 在let(讓),make(使得),have(請,讓,使得),see(看),hear(聽到),watch(觀看),feel(感覺到),listen to (傾聽),look at (看到),notice(注意到)等動(dòng)詞后的賓語補(bǔ)足語如果為不定式, 則省掉"to",但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí), 則要帶"to". e.g. We hear her sing next door. She is heard to sing next door . C. 此句型變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),只有一種情況。 e.g. They saw him steal the old man's money. He was seen to steal the old man's money |
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