在復(fù)合句中,修飾一個名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句;被定語從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞;定語從句必須放在先行詞之后;引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)聯(lián)詞。如:
?。坳P(guān)聯(lián)詞] 常見的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有關(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whom,whose和關(guān)系副詞where,when,why等。 ?。鄯N類] 1.由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句 一般情況下that可指人或物,可以代替who,whom和which,在從句中作主語或謂語動詞的賓語,但不能作介詞的賓語。如: The comrade that(who)is speaking at the meeting is an advanced worker.正在會上講話的那個同志是個先進工人。 Is this the doctor that(whom)you talked about yesterday?這就是你們昨天談?wù)摰哪俏会t(yī)生嗎? The letter that(which)I received yesterday was from my father.昨天我收到的信是我父親寄來的。 2.由who,whom和whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句 who在從句中作主語,whom在從句中作賓語,whose在從句中作定語。如: This is the thief who stole my bike.這就是偷我自行車的那個賊。 He is the boy whom you wanted to find.他就是你想要找的那個男孩。 The girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside.媽媽是個醫(yī)生的那個女孩在外面等你。 3.由which引導(dǎo)的定語從句 which指物,在從句中作主語或謂語動詞的賓語。如: The book which Mum bought me last week is called“Red Star Over China”.媽媽上周買給我的那本書名叫《西行漫記》。 The house which Lu Xun once lived in is now the Lu Xun Museum.魯迅曾經(jīng)住過的那所房子現(xiàn)在是魯迅博物館。 4.由where,when和why引導(dǎo)的定語從句 where在從句中作地點狀語,when在從句中作時間狀語,why在從句中作原因狀語。如: I will never forget the day when I joined the League.我永遠忘不了我入團的那一天。 He will go back to the school where he studied next week.下周他要回到他曾經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)過的學(xué)校。 I don't know the reason why he quarreled with Zhang Lin.我不知道他同張琳吵架的原因。 ?。圩⒁恻c] 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時,關(guān)系代詞常省去。如:The play(which)I watched just now had been on twice on Channel 3.我剛才看的那個戲劇在3頻道上已上演了兩次。 |
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