實(shí)用高中英語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)與句型詞典

2. benefit sb (sth) 對(duì)某人或某物有益，使某人或某物受益。如：

Sea air will benefit you. 海風(fēng)將對(duì)你有益。

What he said benefited all the students. 他說(shuō)的話使所有的學(xué)生受了益。

3. be of benefit 有益處。如：

This dictionary is of great benefit to students. 這本詞典對(duì)學(xué)生很有益處。

That experience was of great benefit to me. 那次經(jīng)歷對(duì)我很有益。

4. for the benefit of 為了……的利益或好處。如：

I’ve done it for her benefit. 我做此事是為了她的利益。

He gave up smoking for the benefit of his health. 他戒煙是為了對(duì)健康有益。

5. have the benefit of 得益于，占……的光。如：

He had the benefit of a good education. 他得益于良好的教育。

bend

1. bend to [before] sb (sth) 向某人或某事屈服。如：

We won’t bend to [before] anyone. 我們不會(huì)向任何人屈服。

He didn’t want to bend to fate. 他不愿向命運(yùn)低頭。

2. bend……to 專心于，致力于。如：

He bent his mind [himself] to his new job. 他專心于他新的工作。

3. be bent on (doing) sth 決心采取某行動(dòng)，專心于做某事。如：

He is bent on his work. 他專心于工作。

He is bent on winning at all costs. 他決心不惜一切代價(jià)去爭(zhēng)取勝利。

beside

1. beside oneself with sth……得要命，非常。如：

She was beside herself with joy. 他欣喜若狂。

He was beside himself with toothache. 他牙痛得要命。

best

1. at (the) best至多，充其量，就最樂(lè)觀的一面來(lái)看。如：

Life is short at best. 生命再長(zhǎng)也是短暫的。

At best a few hundred people attended the meeting. 充其量只有幾百人參加了會(huì)議。

We can’t arrive before Friday at best. 我們無(wú)論如何也無(wú)法在星期五以前趕到。

2. do [try] one’s best 盡力， 竭盡全力。如：

As long as you do your best, we’ll be happy. 只要你盡力，我們就滿意了。

It doesn’t matter if you don’t win---just try your best. 贏不了也沒(méi)關(guān)系，只要努力即可。

注：其后有時(shí)可接不定式。如：

We did our best to help them. 我們盡力幫了他們。

3. had best 最好，應(yīng)該。如：

You had best stay here. 你最好呆在這兒。

I think we had best sell it. 我想我們還是把它賣掉的好。

注：had best 與 had better 同義。

4. It’s best for sb to do sth 某人最好去做某事。如：

It’s best for us to start early. 我們最好早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。

It’s best for you to buy a dictionary. 你最好買臺(tái)電腦。

5. make the best of 充分利用，盡量往好處做，將就用。如：

We must make the best of the fine weather. 我們必須要充分利用這好天氣。

The only thing to do now is to make the best of things. 現(xiàn)在唯一的辦法就是隨遇而安。

better

1. be better off 更富裕，生活更好。如：

We are much better off now. 我們現(xiàn)在的生活好多了。

Today’s pensioners are better off than they used to be. 現(xiàn)在靠養(yǎng)老金生活的人比他們?cè)瓉?lái)生活要更好些。

注：有時(shí)后接 without, 意為：沒(méi)有……生活反而更好。如：

We’d be better off without them as neighbours. 要是沒(méi)有他們這樣的鄰居，我們就會(huì)過(guò)得更愉快了。

2. be better off (doing sth) 最好做某事，做某事很明智。如：

He was better off giving her some flowers. 他給她送花，那是明智之舉。

He’d be better off going to the police about it. 他最好把這件事報(bào)告警方。

3. get the better of 占上風(fēng)，打贏，制服，克服。如：

I’ll get the better of him some day. 我總有一天要打贏他。

He tried to get the better of his sleepiness. 他試圖克服自己的睡意。

4. had better 最好，應(yīng)該。如：

You’d better go home now. 你最好現(xiàn)在回家去。

We’d better not tell her about it. 我們最好不要把這事告訴他。

注：had better 的否定式通常是在 better 后加 not。

5. It’s better for sb to do sth 某人最好做某事。如：

It’s better for you to sell the car. 你最好把汽車賣了。

It’s better for you to keep silent. 你最好什么也別說(shuō)。

between

1. between...and...

(1) 在……之間。如：

I’ll phone you between lunch and three o’clock. 我將在午餐后三點(diǎn)鐘以前給你打電話。

He felt something between laughter and anger. 他既覺(jué)得好笑，又感到氣憤。

(2) 由于……和……(表示原因)。如：

Between the noise outside and lack of sleep, he couldn’t

concentrate. 由于外面的噪音加上睡眠不足，他無(wú)法專心。

注：between...and 不僅可連接兩者，也可連接三者。如：

Luxemburg lies between France, Germany and Belgium. 盧森堡位于法國(guó)、德國(guó)和比利時(shí)之間。

Between cooking, writing and running the farm he was kept very busy. 他又是做飯，又是寫作，還要打理農(nóng)場(chǎng)，忙得不可開交。

2. between ourselves [you and me] 僅你我知道的秘密。如：

Between ourselves, I don’t think he will live much longer. 咱們私下說(shuō)說(shuō)，他活不久了。

Between you and me, he’s not very reliable. 這是只有你我之間才說(shuō)，他不是很可靠。

3. in between 在……之間。如：

There are trees in between the buildings. 大樓之間有樹。

It’s somewhere in between New York and Chicago. 它位于在紐約和芝加哥之間的某個(gè)地方。

注：有時(shí)可用作副詞(即其后不接詞)。如：

He has breakfast and supper and doesn’t eat anything in between. 他只吃早餐和晚餐，其間什么也不吃。

以上各用法中的介詞 in 有時(shí)也可省略，而只用 between。

beyond

1. be beyond sb 因?yàn)樘y而超出某人的能力。如：

The book is beyond the boy. 這本書這個(gè)孩子讀不懂。

If it is beyond Jack, it is certainly beyond me. 如果杰克都不懂，我就更不懂了。

How people design computer games is beyond me. 我不明白電腦游戲是怎樣設(shè)計(jì)的。

birth

1. at birth 在出生時(shí)。如：

He weighed eight pounds at birth. 他出生時(shí)重8磅。

2. by birth 出生，血統(tǒng)；天生，生來(lái)。如：

He’s French by birth. 他是法國(guó)血統(tǒng)。

She’s an actor by birth. 她是天生的演員。

2. give birth (to) 生(孩子)。如：

Here nobody gives birth at home. 這里沒(méi)人在家里生孩子(指皆入產(chǎn)院)。

She gave birth to a fine healthy girl. 她生下一個(gè)健康可愛(ài)的女孩。

birthday

1. happy birthday 生日快樂(lè)。如：

A：Happy birthday (to you). (祝你)生日快樂(lè)。

B：Thank you. 謝謝。

2. Many happy returns of the day. 祝你長(zhǎng)壽。如：

Happy birthday and many happy returns of the day. 生日快樂(lè)，健康長(zhǎng)壽。

bit

1. a bit 有點(diǎn)兒，一點(diǎn)兒，相當(dāng)。如：

The coat costs a bit too much. 這外套太貴了一點(diǎn)。

I tried to encourage him a bit. 我設(shè)法給了他一點(diǎn)鼓勵(lì)。

She is a bit like my sister. 她有點(diǎn)像我姐姐。

注：a bit 可用于修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等。在肯定句中它與 a little 大致同義。如：

He’s feeling a bit [a little] better. 他感覺(jué)好些了。

但是在否定句中，a bit 與 a little 區(qū)別很大。如：

I’m not a bit tired. 我一點(diǎn)也不累。

I’m not a little tired. 我很累。

2. a bit of

(1) 一點(diǎn)兒，有點(diǎn)兒。如：

He knows a bit of Russian. 他懂點(diǎn)兒法語(yǔ)。

She’s just out to do a bit of shopping. 她剛剛出去買點(diǎn)兒東西。

(2) 有點(diǎn)兒像，多少有幾分……。如：

He is a bit of a poet. 他多少有點(diǎn)兒像詩(shī)人。

He is a bit of a coward. 他多少有幾分怯懦。

(3) 微不足道的。如：

We’re having a bit of a party next week. 下個(gè)星期我們準(zhǔn)備請(qǐng)幾個(gè)客人小聚一次。

(4) 相當(dāng)數(shù)量的，相當(dāng)規(guī)模的，有一定困難的。如：

The humor of it takes a bit of finding. 這其中的幽默非仔細(xì)體會(huì)不可。

This new system takes a bit of getting used to. 這個(gè)新的制度要(人們)適應(yīng)有一定困難。

3. bit by bit 一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地，逐漸地。如：

Bit by bit they accepted the idea. 他們慢慢地接受了這一想法。

He saved money bit by bit until he had enough to buy a car. 他一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地?cái)€錢直到他能買一輛汽車。

注：有時(shí)也說(shuō) by bits。

blame

1. blame sb (sth) for sth

(1) 因?yàn)槟呈露?zé)備某人。如：

He blamed me for negligence. 他責(zé)備我粗心大意。

I don’t blame you for doing that. 我不責(zé)備你做了那事。

(2) 把某事的責(zé)任歸咎于某人。如：

He blamed his teacher for his failure. 他把自己的失敗歸罪于他的老師。

2. blame sth on sb (sth) 把某事的責(zé)任歸咎于某人。如：

The driver blamed the accident on the cyclist. 司機(jī)把事故的責(zé)任歸咎于騎自行車的人。

注：以上兩類結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)可互換，注意詞序不同。如：

He blamed the failure on me.  / He blamed me for the failure. 他把失敗歸咎于我。

3. be to blame for (doing) sth 對(duì)(做)某事應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任。如：

You are not to blame for what happened. 對(duì)所發(fā)生的事不應(yīng)該由你負(fù)責(zé)。

Which driver was to blame for the accident? 那個(gè)司機(jī)應(yīng)該對(duì)事故負(fù)責(zé)?

Who is to blame for starting the fire? 火災(zāi)的引起應(yīng)該由誰(shuí)來(lái)負(fù)責(zé)?

4. put [lay] the blame (for sth) on sb (把某事)歸咎于某人。如：

He put [laid] all the blame on me. 他把一切都?xì)w咎于我。

The judge put [laid] the blame for the accident on the driver of the car. 法官把事故的責(zé)任歸咎于汽車司機(jī)。

blind

1. be blind in (眼睛)失明。如：

He is blind in both eyes. 他雙目失明。

2. be blind to sth 對(duì)某事視而不見(jiàn)或一無(wú)所知。

He is completely blind to her faults. 他一點(diǎn)兒也覺(jué)察不到她的錯(cuò)誤。

He was blind to all arguments. 和他有理講不通。

3. the blind 瞎子，盲人。如：

In that country the blind have special jobs. 在那個(gè)國(guó)家瞎子有特別的職業(yè)。

4. turn a blind eye to sth 假裝沒(méi)看見(jiàn)。如：

The boss sometimes turns a blind eye to smoking in the office. 老板有時(shí)對(duì)在辦公室抽煙假裝沒(méi)看見(jiàn)。

board

1. on board 在船(車，火車)上。如：

Have the passengers gone on board? 旅客都已上船(飛機(jī))了嗎?

As soon as I’m on board, I always feel sick. 我一上船就想嘔。

注：on board 可直接用作介詞， 其后可直接跟表示車、船、飛機(jī)的名詞。如：

He went on board the train just now. 他剛上火車。

Mr Smith is on board one of those ships. 史密斯先生在其中的一條船上。

There were ten people on board the plane. 當(dāng)時(shí)飛機(jī)上有十個(gè)人。

boat

1. by boat 乘船。如：

We crossed the river by boat. 我們乘船過(guò)河。

注：by boat 有時(shí)可用 in a boat 代之。

2. go boating 去劃船。如：

We go boating on the lake every weekend. 每個(gè)周末我們都到湖里去劃船。

3. be in the same boat 處于同樣(不利的)境況， 同舟共濟(jì)。如：

If you lose your job, I’ll lose mine, so we’re in the same boat. 如果你失業(yè)，我也會(huì)失業(yè)，所以我們同舟共濟(jì)。

body

1. body and soul 全心全意地，完完全全地。如：

He loves her body and soul. 他真心實(shí)意愛(ài)她。

He does his work body and soul. 他全心全意地工作。

2. in a body 全體，全部，整個(gè)。如：

They walked out in a body. 他們?nèi)w退席。

The villagers came to the meeting in a body. 村民們一齊來(lái)參加了會(huì)議。

borrow

1. borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物。如：

He never borrows anything from anybody. 他從不向任何人借任何東西。

注：該結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞 from 有時(shí)也用 of 代之，但不如用前者常用。如：

He wants to borrow some money from [of] her. 他想向她借點(diǎn)錢。

2. borrow trouble 自找麻煩，杞人憂天，庸人自憂。如：

Don’t borrow trouble by worrying about next year. 不要擔(dān)心來(lái)年的事而庸人自憂。

both

1. both...and... 不但……而且……，既……又……。如：

He speaks both English and French. 他既說(shuō)英語(yǔ)也說(shuō)法語(yǔ)。

He can both speak and write Japanese. 他既能說(shuō)日語(yǔ)也能寫日語(yǔ)。

Both brother and sister are college students. 兄妹倆都是大學(xué)生。

注：both...and...作為并列連詞，通常連接兩個(gè)相同的句子成分。

2. both of 兩者。如：

Both of us want to read the book. 我們倆都想讀這本書。

Both of the brothers are clever. 兩兄弟都很聰明。

注：both of 后接名詞時(shí)，該名詞必須帶有 the, one’s, these等限定詞。如：

正：both of the (my, these) children

誤：both of children

bother

1. bother to do sth 費(fèi)心做某事。如：

You needn’t bother to come up. 你不必費(fèi)心來(lái)了。

Don’t bother to get dinner for me. 請(qǐng)不必費(fèi)事為我做飯了。

注：該結(jié)構(gòu)也可用 bother (about) doing sth 表示。如以上兩句也可說(shuō)成：

You needn’t bother (about) coming up.

Don’t bother (about) getting dinner for me.

2. bother oneself to do sth 費(fèi)心做某事。如：

Don’t bother yourself to answer the letter. 請(qǐng)不必回復(fù)此信。

注：該結(jié)構(gòu)也可用 bother oneself (about) doing sth 表示。如上面一句也可說(shuō)成：

Don’t bother yourself (about) answering the letter.

3. bother sb to do sth 麻煩某人做某事。如：

He’s always bothering me to lend him money. 他老是鬧著要我借錢給他。

Don’t bother him to do it for you. 別去麻煩他去為你做這事。

4. bother with [about] sb (sth)關(guān)心某人(某事物)，為某人或某事費(fèi)心或焦急。如： / 21 / 7)

They didn’t bother about [with] that. 他們對(duì)那件事并不感到焦急。

He never bother about [with] his children. 他從不關(guān)心他的孩子。

5. bother sb with [about] sth 用某事麻煩某人。如：

Don’t bother him with [about] it now; he’s very busy. 現(xiàn)在不要拿這個(gè)去打擾他，他很忙。

I’m sorry that I have to bother you with [about]this problem. 對(duì)不起，我要用這個(gè)問(wèn)題來(lái)麻煩你了。

6. can’t be bothered to do sth 不愿為做某事而操心，嫌麻煩而不做某事。如：

He can’t be bothered to say hello. 他連打聲招呼都不肯。

注：有時(shí)用 can’t be bothered with……。如：

I can’t be bothered with him. 我不會(huì)為他操心。

I can’t be bothered with waiting for a bus; let’s walk. 我不喜歡等公共汽車，咱們走路吧。

7. give sb bother 給某人添麻煩。如：

I didn’t want to give her any bother. 我不想給她添麻煩。

8. go to the bother of doing sth 費(fèi)心做某事。如：

I’m not going to the bother of writing again. She never writes back. 我不想費(fèi)心再給他寫信了，他從不回信的。

9. have bother (in) doing sth 做某事費(fèi)勁。如：

Did you have much bother (in) finding his office? 你是不是費(fèi)了很大的勁才找到他的辦公室?

We had quite a lot of bother (in) getting here because of the fog. 因?yàn)橛徐F，我們費(fèi)了很大的事才到達(dá)這兒。

10. save sb (oneself) the bother of doing sth省得某人(自己)麻煩去做某事。如：

I should have phoned the shop first and saved myself the bother of going there. 我本來(lái)應(yīng)該先給商店打個(gè)電話的，這樣也就省得我走一趟。

bottom

1. at bottom 內(nèi)心里，根本上，基本上，實(shí)際上。如：

She’s a kind person at bottom. 她實(shí)際上是個(gè)善良的人。

The principle at bottom is the same. 原則實(shí)際上沒(méi)有變。

2. at the bottom

(1) 在底部。如：

There’s a hole at the bottom of the flower pot. 花盆底部有個(gè)洞。

Sign your name at the bottom of the page. 請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@頁(yè)的最后簽上你的名字。

注：有時(shí)根據(jù)一定的語(yǔ)境也可用介詞 on, in 等。如：

There is some tea left in [at, on] the bottom of the cup. 有些茶葉留在茶杯底部。

(2) 在遠(yuǎn)處，在盡頭。如：

The hospital is at the bottom of the street. 醫(yī)院在街的盡頭。

We grow vegetables at the bottom of our garden. 我們?cè)诨▓@的盡頭種蔬菜。

(3) 在最后。如：

He is at the bottom of the class. 他在班上排名最后。

(4) 是……的根本原因。如：

Wine is at the bottom of his illness. 飲酒是他生病的根本原因。

3. bottoms up 干杯。如：

Bottoms up to you. 為你干杯。

He drank his whiskey almost bottoms up. 他把杯中的威士忌幾乎喝得一滴不剩。

4. from the bottom of one’s heart 真誠(chéng)地，衷心地。如：

Thank you from the bottom of my heart. 衷心感謝你。

I want to tell you from the bottom of my heart that I am truly sorry. 我要真誠(chéng)地告訴你我的確感到很抱歉。

brave

1. It’s brave of sb to do sth 某人做某事很勇敢。

It is brave of you to do so. 你這樣做真是很勇敢。

It was brave of her to enter the burning building. 她敢進(jìn)入那燃燒的建筑，真是勇敢。

2. Sb is brave to do sth 某人做某事很勇敢。如：

He was brave to tell her the truth. 他敢告訴她實(shí)話，真是勇敢。

注：以上兩類結(jié)構(gòu)可互相轉(zhuǎn)換。如上面一句也可寫成：

It was brave of him to tell her the truth.