高三英語第三輪復(fù)習(xí):動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語小結(jié)(點(diǎn)擊購買全套高三備考復(fù)習(xí)資料)
考點(diǎn)一、詞義辨析 1.lay和lie
2.arise,rise和raise
3.可用于“動(dòng)詞+sb.+of sth.”的常用動(dòng)詞 accuse(控告),cheat(欺騙),cure(治愈),inform(通知),remind(提醒),rid(擺脫),rob(搶劫),warn(警告) This photo reminds me of my school days. 這張照片使我想起了學(xué)校生活。 The people of the town were warned of the danger of flooding. 該鎮(zhèn)居民被警告有洪水危險(xiǎn)。 4.可用于“動(dòng)詞+sb.+for doing sth.”的常用動(dòng)詞 blame(指責(zé)),criticise(批評),forgive(原諒),excuse(原諒),pardon(原諒),punish(懲罰),scold(指責(zé)),thank(感謝) Forgive me for saying so,but I think that's nonsense. 原諒我這樣說,但是我認(rèn)為沒意義。 I don't blame you for doing that. 我不責(zé)備你做了那事。
考點(diǎn)二、??紕?dòng)詞短語 1.bring構(gòu)成的短語 bring about 引起,導(dǎo)致 bring back 使想起 bring down 降低 bring in 賺得;引入;請……做 bring up 提出;養(yǎng)育;撫養(yǎng);嘔吐 2.break 構(gòu)成的短語 break away(from)逃脫;脫離 break down (機(jī)器等)壞掉;(身體)垮掉;(計(jì)劃、和談等)失敗 break in 破門而入;插嘴 break into 強(qiáng)行闖入;突然開始 break out (火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭、疾病等)突然開始;爆發(fā) break up 解散;粉碎;絕交 3.call 構(gòu)成的短語 call at 拜訪(某地) call on 拜訪(某人) call back 回電話 call up 打電話給;使回憶起 call for 去(接);需要,要求 call in 召來 call off 取消 4.cut 構(gòu)成的短語 cut down 砍倒;削減 cut in 打斷(談話),插嘴 cut off 中斷;斷絕 cut up 切碎 5.come 構(gòu)成的短語 come about 發(fā)生 come across 偶遇 come to 共計(jì),達(dá)到;蘇醒 come true 變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí) come up 走上前;被提出 come up with 提出 come into being 形成 6.get 構(gòu)成的短語 get about 四處走動(dòng);傳開 get across 傳達(dá) get away 逃脫,設(shè)法離開 get down 下來;記下 get off 出發(fā);下班 get together 聚會 get through 接通;通過 get down to 開始認(rèn)真干 get over 克服 get along/on with 進(jìn)展;相處 7.go 構(gòu)成的短語 go away 離開 go back 返回(某地) go by 逝去 go on 繼續(xù)下去,上場,開始運(yùn)行 go over 檢查,反復(fù)研究 go out 熄滅 go up (價(jià)格等)上漲 go down (溫度等)下降 go against 違背;對……不利 go ahead 開始,進(jìn)展,進(jìn)行 go after/for 追逐,追求 go without 勉強(qiáng)維持;湊合 go in for 愛好;參加;從事 go through 通過;經(jīng)歷 go over 復(fù)習(xí);仔細(xì)審查 go by 過去,經(jīng)過 8.give 構(gòu)成的短語 give up 放棄 give in 屈服 give out 用盡;分發(fā) give away 泄露;贈送;頒發(fā) give off 發(fā)出 give back 歸還;使恢復(fù) 9.make 構(gòu)成的短語 make up for 補(bǔ)償,彌補(bǔ) make out 辨認(rèn)出 make fun of 取笑 make up one's mind 下定決心 make sense 有道理(意義),講得通 make good/full use of...充分利用…… make up 編造;組成;構(gòu)成;補(bǔ)齊,湊足 10.put 構(gòu)成的短語 put aside 把……放在一邊 put away 把……收好 put down 撲滅,平息 put forward 提出 put off 延期,推遲 put out 撲滅;生產(chǎn) put up 掛起,張貼;搭起;為某人提供食宿 put up with 忍受,容忍 11.turn 構(gòu)成的短語 turn down 拒絕;調(diào)低 turn in 上交 turn out 結(jié)果是,證明是 turn over 移交,交給 turn up 出現(xiàn);調(diào)高 turn off 關(guān)掉 turn on 打開 turn away 走開 turn to 求助于;翻到
語法訓(xùn)練 1.(2011年高考天津卷)I________a bank account after I made $1,000 by doing a parttime job during the summer vacation. A.borrowed B.opened C.entered D.ordered 解析:句意:我在暑假做兼職工作掙了1 000美元之后在銀行開了個(gè)賬戶。borrow借(入);open開設(shè);enter進(jìn)入;order命令。根據(jù)句意可確定選B項(xiàng)。 答案:B 2.(2011年高考福建卷)I'd prefer to________my judgement until I find all the evidence. A.show B.express C.pass D.reserve 解析:句意:在我找到所有的證據(jù)之前,我寧愿保留我的看法。show顯示,表明;express表明,表達(dá);pass傳遞,通過;reserve保留。由句意可知D項(xiàng)正確。 答案:D 3.(2011年高考安徽卷)If you________faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. A.come across B.care about C.look for D.focus upon 解析:句意:如果你偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)些瑕疵而又還想要這輛自行車,你可以讓店員降低價(jià)格。B項(xiàng)care about表示“關(guān)心,在乎”,C項(xiàng)look for表示“尋找”,D項(xiàng)focus upon表示“集中(注意力)”,這三項(xiàng)很明顯與題意不符;只有A項(xiàng)come across表示“偶然發(fā)現(xiàn),偶然遇見”符合句子意思。因此選A項(xiàng)。 答案:A 4.(2011年高考福建卷)Born into a family with three brothers, David was________to value the sense of sharing. A.brought up B.turned down C.looked after D.held back 解析:句意:出生在一個(gè)有三個(gè)哥哥的家庭里,戴維被教導(dǎo)要重視分享意識。bring up養(yǎng)育,撫養(yǎng),教育;turn down拒絕,(把聲音等)調(diào)低;look after照料,照看;hold back阻擋,妨礙,控制(感情),隱瞞不講。根據(jù)句意可知A項(xiàng)正確。 答案:A 5.(2011年高考江西卷)You can't predict everything. Often things don't ________as you expect. A.run out B.break out C.work out D.put out 解析:句意:你不能預(yù)料一切,事情常常不按你預(yù)期的那樣發(fā)展。run out用完,用盡;break out爆發(fā);work out算出,做出,制訂出,發(fā)生,發(fā)展;put out熄滅。根據(jù)句意知選C項(xiàng)。 答案:C 6.—How was the school's sports meet? —We didn't plan it like that but it ________very well. A.tried out B.went out C.worked out D.carried out 解析:考查動(dòng)詞短語。后句句意:我們事先并沒有那樣計(jì)劃,但最后結(jié)果卻很好。work out“成功地發(fā)展”,符合語意。try out意為“試驗(yàn)”;go out意為“出去,熄滅”;carry out 意為“貫徹,實(shí)行”。 答案:C 7.Everyone should learn something about first aid,because every second ________in an emergency. A.urges B.costs C.needs D.counts 解析:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該了解有關(guān)急救的知識,因?yàn)樵诰o急情況下每一秒都很重要。urge意為“力勸,催促”;cost意為“花費(fèi)”;need意為“需要”;count意為“重要”。根據(jù)語境選D項(xiàng)。 答案:D 8.(2012年無錫市檢測)Leave him alone.He is ________himself to the preparations for the coming exam. A.adjusting B.applying C.losing D.engaging 解析:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。apply oneself to努力學(xué)習(xí),勤奮工作,符合語意。adjust oneself to適應(yīng),習(xí)慣;lose oneself in沉迷于,全神貫注于;engage sb.in(使)從事,參加。 答案:B 9.(2012年鹽城模擬)—Because of the rain,we'll have to________the football match. —I'm free next Sunday if you would like to play then. A.advance B.postpone C.abandon D.advocate 解析:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。advance前進(jìn);postpone推遲,延期;abandon丟棄,遺棄;advocate擁護(hù),提倡。句意:——由于下雨,我們將不得不推遲足球賽。——如果你喜歡玩,下周日我有空。 答案: B 10.(2012年蘇州模擬)—Shall we ________for twenty minutes and have a cup of coffee? —I can't agree with you any more. A.break off B.break down C.break up D.break out 解析:考查動(dòng)詞短語。問句句意:我們能不能停下來喝杯咖啡?break off中斷,停止;break down 瓦解,分解;break up破裂,解散;break out爆發(fā)。 答案:A 11.Some parents are just too protective.They want to ________their kids from every kind of danger,real or imagined. A.spot B.dismiss C.shelter D.distinguish 解析:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)前一句中的內(nèi)容可知父母想給孩子提供“庇護(hù)”,讓他們避免各種危險(xiǎn),無論是真實(shí)的,還是想象的。A項(xiàng)表示“認(rèn)出;發(fā)現(xiàn)”;B項(xiàng)表示“開除;解散”;D項(xiàng)表示“區(qū)分”,都不符合語意。 答案:C 12.—I came all the way to inform you of the time and place of the meeting. —You could have ________yourself the trouble by calling me. A.shared B.spared C. cost D.removed 解析:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。答話人認(rèn)為對方本來不必一路走來通知自己會議的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn),打個(gè)電話就可以省去這種麻煩,spare sb.the trouble表示“免除某人(做某事的)麻煩”。 答案:B 13.It is required that all traffic participants should ________the traffic rules to make traffic safer and faster. A.perform B.observe C.support D.possess 解析:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。此處observe the traffic rules是固定表達(dá),意為“遵守交通法規(guī)”,據(jù)此選B。 答案:B 14.(2012年溫州五校聯(lián)考)A wellwritten composition ________good choice of words and clear organization among other things. A.calls on B.calls up C.calls for D.calls off 解析:考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。call on表示“號召”;call up 表示“打電話,使想起”;call for表示“要求,需要”;call off表示“取消”。根據(jù)題意可知選C。 答案:C 15.The great damage which the destructive earthquake in Japan in March 11,2011________made a great many people homeless. A.brought in B.brought about C.brought up D.brought out 解析:考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意:2011年3月11日在日本發(fā)生的災(zāi)難性地震造成的巨大破壞使很多人無家可歸。bring about造成,導(dǎo)致,符合語意。bring in引進(jìn),賺得,提出;bring up養(yǎng)育,撫養(yǎng);bring out闡明,生產(chǎn)。 答案:B |
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