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主語情況 |
謂語 |
例句 |
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就近一致 |
由or,nor,either...or ;neither...nor; not only...but also; not ...but;whether...or等連接的主語 |
與最近的主語保持一致 |
Either you or she is young.
Not only we but also the teacher likes playing football.
Neither he or you have finished the task. |
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由there ,here引起的句子，主語又不止一個，其謂語動詞通常和鄰近的那個詞保持一致 |
與第一個主語一致 |
Where is your teacher and classmates?
There is a knife and some apples here.
Here are some envelopes and paper. |
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在倒裝句中 |
與最后一個主語一致 |
South of the city is a large stadium.
In front of the girl are some flowers. |
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語法一致 |
主語的人稱，數(shù)決定謂語動詞的形式。即：主單謂單，主復謂復 |
看主語 |
Is your father an engineer?
Mice like to eat grain. |
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由and 或both...and連接的并列主語 |
復數(shù) |
He and I were classmates at that time.
Both bread and butter are sold out. |
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單數(shù)名詞，動名詞，不定式或從句作主語（what引導的主語從句其后的謂語形式要依據(jù)表語的單復數(shù)形式定） |
單數(shù) |
A cow eats grass and gives us milk.
To work hard is necessary.
Teaching biology is her job.
What he need is more water. |
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用and連接的并列主語如果是指同一人或物（只有一個冠詞）或者主語前分別有each,every或no修飾；（如果指代不同的人或物，要有兩個冠詞，謂語用復數(shù)） |
單數(shù) |
The worker and writer has come.
Bread and butter is daily food in the west.
Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education in our country. |
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不定代詞either,neither,each,the other,no one,another,anyone,something,everybody,nobody等以及many a +名詞單數(shù)，this kind of +名詞單數(shù)；more than one +名詞單數(shù)作主語 |
單數(shù) |
Each of the children has an apple.
Somebody is waiting for you at home.
Everything around us is matter.
Many a boy likes playing football. |
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主語后接with,together with, as well as ; but ;except; besides;like,including;more than ,rather than ,accompanied by等短語時 |
與主語一致 |
She as well as her friends likes this film.
My sister ,like you ,is very clever.
An old lady with two sons has come. |
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由 a lot of /lots of plenty of /half of / the rest of /most of +名詞（或代詞）或分數(shù)/百分數(shù)+名詞作主語 |
依of后的數(shù)而定 |
60 percent of them are against the plan.
Three-fifths of the water is polluted.
Half of the bananas are rotten. |
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grasses，trousers,shoes,shorts,scissors等復數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)；若其前有pair/kind/type/box of等量詞修飾時 |
依量詞的數(shù)而定 |
His shoes are on the shelf.
Two pairs of shorts are on the shelf.
There is a pair of black shoes left. |
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定語從句中關系代詞which, who,that,的數(shù)要依先行詞而定；但在“one of +復數(shù)名詞+從句”中，從句的謂語動詞用復數(shù)；若one 之前有the only/very時，從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù) |
視具體情況而定 |
This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.
He's the only one of the boys who was praised.
He's one of the boys who were praised. |
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意義一致 |
表示總稱意義的名詞，如people,police,public, cattle等作主語 |
復數(shù) |
People are talking about the news.
The police haven't arrived. |
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有些集體名詞family,class,group,enemy,team,club,company等作主語，若作“整體”看，謂語用單數(shù)；若視為其中的成員時用復數(shù) |
視具體情況而定 |
His family has moved to Shanghai.
His family are all fond of music.
His class is large than ours. |
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who,what, which,all, more, most,some,any,half,none,the rest等作主語 |
視具體情況而定 |
Who is a doctor?
Who are league members?
Most of them are young men. |
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表示時間，距離，重量，數(shù)字，金額等的復數(shù)名詞作“整體”看時；表示“運算”的數(shù)詞 |
單數(shù) |
Ten years is not a long time.
Six hundred dollars is quite enough. |
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以s結尾的學科名詞politics,maths等及news,works,means屬“形復意單”名詞，另書報名，國名等復數(shù)名詞作主語 |
單數(shù) |
Physics seems to be difficult for me.
The United States is a developed country.
This works was built in the 1960s. |
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A number of /a variety of +f復數(shù)名詞，the +形容詞指“一類人”時作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)； the number of+復數(shù)名詞，the +形容詞指抽象的事物時，謂語動詞用單數(shù) |
視具體情況而定 |
There are a variety of toys in this shop.
The variety of goods in this shop is rich.
The poor were not able to buy the house.
The beautiful is not always the useful. |
