越來越多的女人嗜色成癮Researchers have long known that the Internet has contributed to pornography addiction by making it so easily accessible — no need to go out in a raincoat, pull a hat down over the face, and sneak furtively into the red-light district. 調(diào)查者在很早以前就發(fā)現(xiàn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)以其方便的渠道,為人們沉溺于色情產(chǎn)品大開方便之門,人們再也不用穿著雨衣,用帽子遮住臉,偷偷摸摸的流進(jìn)紅燈區(qū)了。 But that ease of access also has leveled the playing field between the sexes — men are known as the sexual risk-takers, after all — and psychologists and researchers have seen an increasing number of women becoming addicted to pornography on the Internet over the past 10 years. 而這個便利的渠道也是兩性關(guān)系趨向平衡的原因之一(畢竟長久以來男性都在扮演著主動出擊的角色),心理學(xué)家和調(diào)查人員發(fā)現(xiàn)在過去的十年里,沉溺于色情網(wǎng)站的女性人數(shù)在不斷上升。 In 2003, Today's Christian Woman found in a survey that one out of every six women, including Christians, acknowledged struggling with the same addiction. 在2003年,今日女性基督徒(Today's Christian Woman)的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),每六個女性中(包括基督教徒)就有一個坦誠自己有這項(xiàng)嗜好。 A 2006 survey released by Internet Filter Review showed that 17 percent of women said they struggled with pornography addiction and that one in three visitors to pornography sites were women. About 30 percent of Internet pornography consumers are women, according to the 2008 Internet Pornography Statistics. 2006年由互聯(lián)網(wǎng)防護(hù)評論(Internet Filter Review)發(fā)起的調(diào)查顯示約17%的女性承認(rèn)她們觀看色情作品成癮,而且三分之一的色情網(wǎng)站用戶為女性。根據(jù)2008年國際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)色情作品統(tǒng)計(jì)的數(shù)字,30%的購買者為女性。 Psychologists and researchers attribute the increase to the Internet's anonymity and safety. Now a woman needn't sneak into the places good girls avoid. 心理學(xué)家和調(diào)查人員認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)增長歸功于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的匿名性質(zhì)與其安全性質(zhì),現(xiàn)在的女性再也不需要偷偷摸摸的去以前只有“壞”女孩兒才會去的地方了。 "Women can still become addicted to pornography in the same way that men do," said Douglas Weiss, a licensed psychologist and executive director of Heart to Heart Counseling Center in Colorado Springs. "I do think that the partial reason for this is women becoming more intelligent about usage of the Internet — going online and chatting, developing relationships and acting out sexually." “女性會逐漸變得跟男性一樣對色情作品上癮,”Douglas Weiss,美國科羅拉多州科泉市的一位資深心理學(xué)家兼心對心心理咨詢中心(Heart to Heart Counseling Center)的常任董事表示說,“造成這個現(xiàn)象的部分原因是現(xiàn)在的女性對于如何使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)有了更好的認(rèn)識——上網(wǎng)聊天,網(wǎng)戀并且尋找一夜情之類的?!?strong style="BACKGROUND: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%" class="label bg2" jQuery1344844056546="61"> Studies have shown that women find it easier to click a few buttons on the Internet to search for sexually alluring material. In the absence of a social context, pornography is more appealing to women because there are no social repercussions for using it. 調(diào)查還發(fā)現(xiàn)女性使用者都覺得只是點(diǎn)擊下鼠標(biāo)就能在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上搜索到情色內(nèi)容十分的便捷。而在沒有涉及公眾的背景下,色情作品更吸引女性的原因在于那不會產(chǎn)生的社會影響。 A 2006 Internet Filter Review poll found that 9.4 million women access adult websites each month, and 13 percent of women admit to accessing pornography at work. 2006年互聯(lián)網(wǎng)防護(hù)評論(Internet Filter Review)的民意調(diào)查還發(fā)現(xiàn)每個月都有940萬女性用戶登陸色情網(wǎng)站,其中還有13%的人表示她們曾在工作場合登陸過。 "The more pornography women use, the more likely they are to be victims of non-consensual sex," said Mary Anne Layden, professor of sociology and women's studies at Wheelock College in Boston. "The earlier the male starts using pornography, the more likely they are to be the perpetrators of non-consensual sex." “過多的觀看色情作品會讓女性更容易成為性暴力事件的受害者,”Mary Anne Layden,一位波士頓(Boston)會德豐學(xué)院(Wheelock College)的女性問題研究(sociology and women's studies)教授說道,“如果男性過早的接觸色情作品,他們實(shí)施性暴力犯罪的可能性就越高?!?strong style="BACKGROUND: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%" class="label bg2" jQuery1344844056546="64"> Men in general have always been considered the more visually stimulated of the two sexes. Before the advancements in technology, young women who wanted a sense of emotional gratification would live vicariously through romance novels. Young men would get some of their sexual gratification from photographs of scantily clad or nude women, or go to strip clubs. 一般而言,在兩性之間男性常常更容易在視覺上受到刺激。在科技飛速發(fā)展之前,年輕的女性通常通過閱讀“浪漫的小說”來達(dá)到感情上的滿足。于此相對應(yīng)的是,年前的男性則傾向于從穿著清涼或者不穿衣服的女子照片上得到視覺上的滿足,有些人甚至?xí)ッ撘挛杈銟凡慷玫綕M足。 Pornography is nothing new. However, with the introduction of the Internet, it has become much more accessible to people of all ages. 色情作品并不是新生的產(chǎn)物。但是,由于國際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的參與,它變得更容易被各年齡階段的人們獲取。 Sex is the No. 1 topic for Internet searches, according to the Sexual Recovery Institute, and more than 1.3 million porn sites are available. The pornography revenue in the U.S., in 2006 alone, was approximately $13 billion. The pornography industry is also larger than the revenues of the top technology companies combined: Microsoft Corp., Google Inc., Amazon.com Inc., eBay Inc., Yahoo Inc., Apple Inc., Netflix Inc. and EarthLink. 按照(Sexual Recovery Institute)的說法,在所有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的搜索中兩性的話題是搜索量最多的,并且國際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上有超過130萬的色情網(wǎng)站。單單只是2006年一年美國的色情作品的收入就達(dá)到了接近130億美元。色情產(chǎn)業(yè)的收入也遠(yuǎn)高于所有高科技公司收入的總和:微軟(Microsoft)、谷歌(Google)、亞馬遜(Amazon)、易趣(eBay)、雅虎(Yahoo)、蘋果(Apple)、Netflix(譯者注:這個公司不知道怎么翻譯,它是世界上最大的在線影片租賃提供商)、EarthLink(譯者注:這個也沒有翻譯,它是美國第二大互聯(lián)網(wǎng)提供商) "Pornography is the drug of the millennium and more addictive than crack cocaine," said Donna Rice Hughes, president of Enough Is Enough, a Virginia-based nonprofit that works to make the Internet safer for children and families. "[EIE's] goal is that there be as much protection online as there is offline." “色情作品是人類未來希望的毒品,它帶來的危害和成癮性比可卡因更加嚴(yán)重。”維吉尼亞的非營利機(jī)構(gòu)適可而止(Enough Is Enough)(譯者注:該機(jī)構(gòu)的目標(biāo)是為家庭和孩子們提供安全的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的保護(hù),他們致力于向人們提供與線下保護(hù)措施等同的線上防護(hù))董事長Donna Rice Hughes陳訴道。 Ninety percent of pornography addiction begins at home, Ms. Hughes said, adding that organizations like EIE can give families safeguards to help avoid addictions. 90%的色情作品成癮都是發(fā)源于家庭內(nèi)部,Ms. Hughes(Donna Rice Hughes)補(bǔ)充道,像適可而止(Enough Is Enough)這樣的機(jī)構(gòu)能給予家庭遠(yuǎn)離這種成癮可能的安全保護(hù)。 With children becoming more technologically savvy, she said, "It is no longer a question of if they will come across porn, but when." 她還說,隨著孩子們能越來越快掌握和了解新科技的能力,能不能接觸到色情作品就已經(jīng)不是問題的關(guān)鍵了,在什么時候他們能接觸這些則成為了我們應(yīng)該考慮的。 Science has shown that the brain reacts and takes in images in a certain way and can be detrimental in the developing mind of a child. When a man or woman becomes sexually aroused, the levels of endorphins and enkephalin in the prefrontal cortex are at their highest. 科學(xué)研究表明,人類的大腦對圖像和畫面的接觸方式以及對其的反應(yīng)存在一個特定的模式,這對于孩子們腦部的發(fā)育是有害的。當(dāng)一位男性或者女性被激起了性欲,其腦部前額皮質(zhì)的內(nèi)嗎啡及腦啡呔(譯者注:人們很早就知道腦內(nèi)嗎啡的存在,但除了鎮(zhèn)痛效果外,被認(rèn)為沒有什么大不了的作用,因此長期未被重視,但最近的研究結(jié)果表明,腦內(nèi)嗎啡其實(shí)蘊(yùn)藏著極大的效力。人在生氣發(fā)怒的時候,會感覺到精神的緊張興奮,于是大腦分泌出一種叫做去甲腎上腺素的物質(zhì)。這是一種荷爾蒙,但不知道什么緣故,這種物質(zhì)具有劇毒,據(jù)說其毒性僅次于自然界中的蛇毒。)的分泌水平達(dá)到最高點(diǎn)。 Whatever a person visualizes at that point — real or imaginary — his or her body glues to, hungers for and craves, and the adrenal glands imprint that image on the mind. 無論一個人是想象還是真的看到色情圖片,他(她)的身體都會有強(qiáng)烈的渴望,然后腎上腺則會把這個圖像深深的印到腦海里去。 "If a man or woman ejaculates to pornography on a regular basis they will actually attach to sex as object relationships as opposed to intimate relationships," Mr. Weiss said. "So they will actually hunger for object relationships, creating over time what we call intimacy anorexia." “如果一個人經(jīng)常性的觀看色情作品來“釋放自己”,他(她)就會把本應(yīng)該認(rèn)為是親密性的性行為看成是目的性的,”Mr. Weiss(Douglas Weiss,前文提到的心理學(xué)家)說,“所以他們就會渴望這種目的性很強(qiáng)的關(guān)系,時間一長他們就會表現(xiàn)出我們平時所說的性冷淡?!?strong style="BACKGROUND: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%" class="label bg2" jQuery1344844056546="73"> Sex, in its ideal sense, is relational, and object sex does not fulfill the relational aspect of that, said Mr. Weiss. A person doesn't get that full satiation, but gets a different kind of buzz with object sex because it's a different kind of sex. Mr. Weiss(Douglas Weiss)還補(bǔ)充道,性行為在其理想層面上是親密的表現(xiàn),而具有目的性的性行為并不能讓人達(dá)到那個層面。一個人達(dá)不到真正意義上的滿足,便會開始尋求這種目的性很強(qiáng)的性行為。 With someone having to visualize that object in order to achieve sexual gratification, barriers are created, even at a young age, said Ms. Hughes. Ms. Hughes(Donna Rice Hughes)表示說,即使在一個很年輕的年齡階段,當(dāng)一個人開始依靠在腦海中想象來達(dá)到性滿足的時候,這種障礙(性冷淡)就會產(chǎn)生。 "If they're an addict, they stop developing spiritually, relationally and morally, at the age of the onset of the addiction," said Mr. Weiss. “如果他(她)是一個色情作品上癮的人,那么他(她)從上癮的那個時候開始,就會停止對精神上、兩性關(guān)系(這里指的是談戀愛方面)上和道德上的發(fā)展?!盡r. Weiss(Douglas Weiss)強(qiáng)調(diào)說。 Pornography has become more interactive since leaking into other kinds of media and social networks. A "Campus Kiss and Tell" University and College Sex Survey in 2006 found that 87 percent of those students polled confessed to having virtual sex using mainly Instant Messenger, webcam and telephone. 隨著其他媒體和社區(qū)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的介入,色情作品也逐漸變得具有了交互性。一個2006年名為“校園秘密揭露(Campus Kiss and Tell)(譯者注:Kiss and Tell不知道怎么翻好,就用了Kesha那首Kiss 'N' Tell給我的感覺來翻了,大家可以提提意見)”的大學(xué)性行為調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)87%參加這個民意調(diào)查的學(xué)生承認(rèn)曾經(jīng)使用過網(wǎng)絡(luò)及時聊天工具,網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像頭和電話做過愛。 Christian women aren't safe from the influence and addictive qualities of pornography, either. 女性基督教徒也不能安全的遠(yuǎn)離色情作品上癮的影響。 "I'm less and less surprised by it," said Joshua Harris, author of the book "Sex Is Not the Problem (Lust Is)" and pastor at Covenant Life Church in Maryland. "Seven years ago, when I was writing that book, I was so surprised at how many women struggle with lust as much as men do." “我對此越來越不感到奇怪了,”《性行為不是主要的問題,淫欲才是"Sex Is Not the Problem (Lust Is)"》的作者Joshua Harris(她還是教會生活公約(Covenant Life Church)的牧師)表示說,“七年前在我寫這本書的時候,我還曾為那些跟男性一樣糾結(jié)于淫欲的女性數(shù)量所震驚。” Many expectations and desires are set by society at an early age, which makes it easier for people to shrug off pornography as no big deal, Mr. Harris said. Mr. Harris(Joshua Harris)還表示說,在早些時候社會上就有過許多期望和要求來幫助人們盡早的擺脫色情作品,這應(yīng)該不是太大的問題。 Pornographic material, under the Constitution, can be put into two categories: soft-core and hard-core. Hard-core pornography is prosecutable under the law. Organizations like EIE are fighting to save children, teens, and parents from porn addiction by trying to get it off the Internet, Ms. Hughes said. 色情作品在憲法的規(guī)定里可以分成兩類:軟性的跟硬性的(譯者注:估計(jì)就是三級片跟A片的區(qū)別了)。硬性的色情作品是可以依法處置的。Ms. Hughes(Donna Rice Hughes)表示,像適可而止(Enough Is Enough)這樣的組織是致力于與網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的色情作品作斗爭的,它們的目標(biāo)在于把這些作品趕出互聯(lián)網(wǎng),以此來保護(hù)兒童、青少年以及父母遠(yuǎn)離色情作品成癮的危害。 "If you don't think you can fall into any kind of sexual temptation, you're either godlier than David, wiser than Solomon, or stronger than Samson," said Ms. Hughes. Ms. Hughes(Donna Rice Hughes)還表示,“如果你認(rèn)為你自己能承受任何意義上的情色引誘,你要么就是比大衛(wèi)還要神圣,要么就是比所羅門還要睿智,再不然就是比參孫還要堅(jiān)強(qiáng)?!?strong style="BACKGROUND: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%" class="label bg2" jQuery1344844056546="82"> |
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