1. 數詞作主語,不論指人還是指物,謂語通常用復數。 About twenty know the secret. 二十人知道這個秘密。 Six are missing. 丟了六個。 2. “more than one + 單數名詞”結構作主語,盡管從意義上看是復數,但它的謂語動詞用單數形式。但“more+復數名詞+than one”結構作主語時,謂語動詞用復數形式。 More than one person has known the news. 不止一個人知道了這個消息。 More students than one are for your proposal. 很多學生同意你的計劃。 3. one out of ten 或one in ten結構作主語,謂語動詞應按照語法一致的原則,用單數。 One out of ten was badly injured in the accident. 在這場事故中有十分之一的人受了傷。 4. “a +單數名詞 + or two” 結構作主語,謂語動詞用單數形式。但“one or two +復數名詞”結構作主語,謂語動詞用復數形式。 A word or two is missing here. 這里缺一兩個詞。 One or two friends are coming for dinner this evening. 一兩個朋友今晚要來吃晚飯。 5. “many a + 單數名詞”結構作主語,謂語動詞需用單數形式。 Many a passenger was killed in the accident.許多乘客在這一次事故中喪生。 Many a boy has been to the castle. 有好幾個男孩到過那城堡。 6. “one and a half + 復數名詞”結構作主語,謂語動詞需用單數形式。 One and a half bananas is left on the table. 桌上還剩下一根半香蕉。 One and a half years has passed. 一年半時間過去了。 7. “分數或百分數+ of + 名詞”結構作主語,其謂語動詞要與短語中of后面的名詞的數保持一致。 Three-fourths of its surface of the earth is sea. 地球表面四分之三是海洋。 Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan. 在場的三分之二的人反對這個計劃。 Around 10 percent of the forest is destroyed each year. 每年大約有百分之十的森林被毀。 8. 用plusand表示“加”,用minus表示“減”,和用times表示“乘”時,動詞多用單數,但也可用復數。 Two and two isare four. 二加二是四。 Ten times five isare fifty. 十乘五等于五十。 注意: 用from表示“被減”,multiplied by表示“被乘”或divided by表示“被除”,其謂語動詞用單數。 8 from 10 leaves 2. 10減8等于2。 25 divided by 5 equals 5. 25除以5等于5。 9. 時間價格距離等作為整體看待時,謂語動詞用單數形式。 Fifty kilometers is a long distance. 五十公里是一段長距離。 Four thousand dollars is more than she can afford. 她付不起4,000美元。 The six months was a terrible dream for her. 那6個月對她來說是一場惡夢。 Only six days was allowed to make preparations for the final examination. 只給了六天的時間來準備期末考試。 注意: 若強調這類結構的復數意義,謂語動詞也可用復數形式。 Six years have passed since my father left home. 我父親離家已經六年了。 The fifty miles were covered by the winner in three hours. 優(yōu)勝者花了三小時跑完了50英里的路程。 There are eight silver dollars in the drawer. 抽屜里有八塊銀元。 10.“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a heap of, a mass of, half of +名詞”構成的短語作主語時,其謂語動詞要與短語中of后面的名詞的數保持一致,這是因為of后面的名詞是中心詞,而of前面的量詞是修飾語。 Lots of damage was caused by fire. 許多損失由火災引起的。 Lots of goods were sent there by air. 大量的貨物空運到那里。Half of the oranges are bad. 一半的桔子爛了。 Half of the food is unfit to eat. 這食物中有一半不能吃。 11. 在“a numbertotal of+名詞復數”結構中,中心詞是名詞,謂語動詞用復數形式。但在“the numbertotal of+ 名詞復數”結構中,中心詞卻是number或total,故謂語動詞用單數形式。 A number of students are playing basketball on the playground. 操場上有相當多的學生在打籃球。 The number of pages in this book is 900. 這本書的頁數是900。 A total of 3,000 letters were received last month. 上個月共收到3,000封信。 The total of letters received last month was 3,000. 上個月收到信件共3,000封。 12. 在“a great deal of a large amount of + 不可數名詞”結構作主語時,謂語動詞通常用單數。但“large amounts of + 不可數名詞”結構作主語,謂語動詞通常用復數。 A great deal of rice was taken from the country to the city by railway. 很多大米通過鐵路從鄉(xiāng)下運往城市。 A large amount of money is spent on the project. 這個工程耗費了巨額資金。 Large amounts of money were spent on the free way. 建高速公路花了大量的錢。 13. “the rest of + 可數名詞或不可數名詞”結構作主語,其謂語動詞要與短語中of后面的名詞的數保持一致。 The rest of the students are watering trees. 其余的學生正在澆樹。 The rest of the wine has gone bad. 剩下的酒已經變質了。 |
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