英語中有一些動(dòng)詞,常和表示行為方式的狀語連用,可以用其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)的含義。這類動(dòng)詞只能用物而一般不用人作主語,表示在邏輯上應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示的概念。如: This pen writes well.這筆很好寫。 pen是物,是句中的主語,它怎么能自己 wirte(寫)呢?這是主動(dòng)語態(tài)。從語法和邏輯角度看,變成“This pen is writtenwell.”用被動(dòng)語態(tài)更合邏輯,更正確。然而,英美人不這么說。他們認(rèn)為“This pen writes well.”更自然,更簡(jiǎn)便,更合乎習(xí)慣。用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義的這類動(dòng)詞常見的有:open,close,sound,wash,cook,read,look,fill,write,begin,sell,eat,taste,smell等。如果我們把這些單詞編成順口溜來記,也許更容易掌握。 請(qǐng)看: 鐘聲敲得嘭嘭響(The bell sounds well.) 六點(diǎn)開門上學(xué)堂(The school opens at 6∶00.) 戰(zhàn)(爭(zhēng))事(情)發(fā)生在7點(diǎn)(The war began at 7.) 布料耐洗衣燙平(The cloth washed well and ironedeasily.) 劇本、故事演(講)得好(The play acts well and the story told well.) 煙斗好抽又暢銷(The pipe smoks well and sells well.) 此書還在印刷中(Th book is printing.) 那餅吃來脆又松(The cakes eat crisp and short.) 木料易鋸摸起來粗(The wood saws easily and its surface feels taugh.) 食物難存易調(diào)烹(The food doesn’t keep longbut cooks easily.) 清水裝滿水桶中(The clean water fills the bucket.) 茶的味道香噴噴。(The tea tastessweet.) |
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