一、消元簡(jiǎn)化法:

即去掉句子的修飾或插入成分，找出句子主干，從而簡(jiǎn)化句子結(jié)構(gòu)。

1.The exciting moment (we looked forward to)     at last.

A. coming B. came  C. come D. comes

2. The writer，(whom I often refer to at the meetings, )_____ famous for those works．

A．is  B．a(chǎn)re  C．a(chǎn)m  D．were

3. He often stands against the fence and talks (endlessly with my father)____gardening problems.

A．to   B．too  C．about  D．off

二、還原再現(xiàn)法：

即通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)換句型還原句子本來(lái)面目，以便理解句意，從而降低難度。一般有以下6中情況。

1、將疑問(wèn)句改成陳述句

如：1.Whom would you rather have ___with you ?
 A. to go  B. go　 C. gone　 D. going

還原為：you would rather have whom   ______ with you.  

分析： 測(cè)試的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是使役動(dòng)詞have的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞原形表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。have sb. do sth.

2、改被動(dòng)句為主動(dòng)句

1.Time should be made good use of ___our lessons well.
A. learning B. learned C. to learn　D. learns

還原為：We should make good use of time ____our lesson well.

3、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型還原成簡(jiǎn)單句式

判斷一個(gè)句子是不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的最佳辦法 --去掉題干中的It is(was)...that(who)，如果句子仍然成立--表達(dá)完整的意思，則是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型；否則，則不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。

1. It was _____ the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home．

A．repair B．repairing C．to repair D．in repair 

還原為：The old man spent the whole morning__the old clock at home．

注意比較下面例子：

2. It was 2004__C__you joined the football club．

It was in 2004 _B__ you joined the football club.

 A．who B． that C． when D． which

分析： 第一句運(yùn)用還原法，去掉It was...(that)即可看出句意不完整(2004前需加in)，故此句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，而是一個(gè)含有定語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句。第二句則是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。

4、感嘆句還原為陳述句

    what little Tom said to his mother sounded!

A、what reasonable  B、How a reasonable

C． How reasonable  D． What a reasonable

原句轉(zhuǎn)化為：What little Tom said to his mother sounded     !很容易發(fā)現(xiàn)sound之后應(yīng)接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。

5、 固定短語(yǔ)還原

That was ＿＿＿we had in London 3 years ago!

A． wonderful time  B．a wonderful time

C． wonderful      D．wonderfully

可還原為：We had a wonderful time in London 3 years ago．。可看出該復(fù)合句中有一固定搭配 had a wonderful time（玩得愉快），定語(yǔ)從句中省略了關(guān)系代詞that。

6、還原省略成分

1. -What made you so happy ?

  - _______.(made me so happy)

A. Because of my passing the exam.  B. I passed the exam.

C. Because I passed the exam.       D. My passing the exam.

2. If the weather is fine, we'll go.

  If _____, _____.（If the weather is NOT fine, we will NOT go）

A. not, not B. no, no C. not, no D. no, not

If it is cheap, I'll buy it. If not, not.

If you study hard, you'll succeed. If not, not.

3. The research is so designed that once _____ nothing can be done to change it.

A. begins  B. having begun C. beginning D. begun

=…once it is begun…

三、語(yǔ)境定義法

即根據(jù)實(shí)際語(yǔ)境，找到關(guān)鍵信息，從而準(zhǔn)確答題。

1. ①（原題）-Which of the three ways shall I take to the village ?

- __C_ way as you please. (2004 福建)

 ②（改編）--Which of the two ways shall I  take to the village ?

-- _ D_ way as you please.

A. Each   B. Every   C. Any  D. Either

不同的語(yǔ)境傳達(dá)不同的信息,注意比較:

2.① （原題）－ Has Sam finished his homework today?

－I have no idea. He _C_ it this morning.（NMET 2004 全國(guó)II）

② （改編）－ Has Sam finished his homework today?

－Yes. He _A_ it this morning.

A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done

四、標(biāo)點(diǎn)提示法

即根據(jù)句子中的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，如逗號(hào)，分號(hào)，破折號(hào)等，從而正確理解句子含義。

1.Tom has many friends; ___ can help him.

A. few of which  B. few of whom  C. few of that  D. few of them

 Tom has many friends，___ can help him.

A. few of which  B. few of whom  C. few of that  D. few of them

五、克服思維定勢(shì)法：

即解題時(shí)不能按照已有的思維模式，不受母語(yǔ)思維的干擾，而是要仔細(xì)分析句子，從而不落入出題人的圈套。

1.The country life he was used to   greatly since 1992. (2005山東卷)

A. change  B. has changed  C. changing D. have changed

[解析]易受sb be used to doing的影響而誤選C。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)可知, he was used to為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞the country life。此空格應(yīng)填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

2. Mr. Smith is___a good teacher___ we all respect.

A. such, that  B. such, as C. so, that D. so, as

3.Mr. Smith is _A_ a good teacher___ we all respect him.

4. around后究竟用什么?

Is there a shop around ___we can buy some toilet articles?

A. that  B. which  C. where  D. what

5. _____ smoking here will be fined.

A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. Who ever

6. _____ smokes here will be fined.

A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. Whomever

六、依據(jù)習(xí)慣用法:

即根據(jù)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的習(xí)慣用法，避免漢語(yǔ)式表達(dá)。

1.---It’s getting late.I’m afraid I must be going

  now. (2004全國(guó)）

 ---OK. _________

A. Take it easy.  B. Go slowly. C. Stay longer.  D. See you.

2. “如果你方便的話”說(shuō)成英語(yǔ)是if you are convenient嗎?

I'll come to see you if _____.

A. you're convenient     B. it is convenient for you

C. you feel convenient    D. it is convenient with you

3.“交通擁擠”的英語(yǔ)是crowded traffic嗎?

He wants to move house, because he hates the _____ here.

A. crowded traffic  B. crowded traffics 

C. busy traffic     D. busy traffics

4. worth和asleep的修飾詞

Mary is very clever and _____ worth teaching, but her brother is not. Look,

he is now _____ asleep in class.

A. very, very   B. much, very  C. well, very  D. well, fast

5. who he is還是who it is

Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _____.

A. who is he   B. who he is  C. who is it    D. who it is

總結(jié)：

1、應(yīng)注意全面審題,克服顧前不顧后或只顧結(jié)構(gòu)和形式、不考慮語(yǔ)言意義和情景提示的思維習(xí)慣;

2、充分依據(jù)題中信息找出提示，或者全面考慮找出暗示;

3、特別注意主從句、插入語(yǔ)、時(shí)態(tài)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和一些復(fù)雜成分的干擾。

1.Please make up my excuse at tomorrow's meeting—I've got too much work _____.

A. to do to come B. doing coming C. to do coming D. doing to come

2. I met several people there, two of _____ were foreigners.

A. whom  B. them  C. who  D. which

3. I met several people there, two of ____ being foreigners.

A. whom　B. them C. who D. which

演練中心

1．It took the early settlers more than 150 years to build up _______ is now a modem city．

  A．where    B．which    C．what D．that

2．一I try to memorize new words every day．but Call only remember few of them．

    一That’s not surprising．Newly-learnt words are easily forgotten unless frequently _______ in communication．

  A．used    B．using    C．to use D．be used

3．一Jim managed to get into his house without the key．——?

 一I don’t know．He might have asked someone for help．

A．What for  B．Guess how    C．So What    D．Who knows

4．一How can we reduce C0₂ in our home?

一It’s easy．_______ off your TV or computers when you’re not using them，and you’ll greatly reduce it．

  A．Turn    B．To turn     C．Turning     D．Turned

5．一Do you have the Harry  Potter books by JK Rowling in your shop?

一Sorry，there is _______ left at the moment．

A．nothing     B．no one    C．none     D．not one

6．We rent a beach house with two small rooms, ________ can serve as a kitchen.

A．the smaller of which　B．a(chǎn) smaller of which

C．the smaller of them　 D．smaller of that

7．Computerized robots have freed man from much mental work; ________, they protect man from being harmed by some dangerous work.

A．thus　　B．however   C．so　　　D．moreover

8．In order to search for the escaped murderer, the police decided to question ________ came along this road.

A．who　　　B．whom  C．whoever　　　D．whomever

9．No tricks are allowed ________ the performers are skilled enough to perform safely.

A. unless     B. if      C. once  　D．a(chǎn)fter

10．The expert was unwilling to offer advice to _______ he thought was not worthwhile.

A．whom　　B．who  C．whoever　D．which

11．So amused ________ that I couldn’t help laughing when I saw the children dressed up as Santa Clauses on Christmas Day.

A．did I feel　B．had I felt  C．I felt　　D．I had felt

12．It is on this train that is very comfortable _____ I have been to the People’s Square.

A．how　 B．that   C．where　　D．when

13．—Do you have anything more ________, sir?

—No. You can have a rest or do something else.

A．typing　　B．to be typed  C．typed　　D．to type

14．Turn on TV or open a magazine and you _______ advertisements showing stylish and happy women.

A．will often find　　　　　　B．often find

C．a(chǎn)re often finding　　　　　D．have often found

15．A beam of light will not bend round the corners unless _________ to do so with the help of a reflecting device.

A．being done　 B．to be made C．made　　D．having made

答案：CABAC  ADCAC  ABBAC

答案：

1．C。本題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句問(wèn)題，賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少句子成分，缺主語(yǔ)，故選what。

2．A。本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句省略的問(wèn)題。unless引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，如果從句中主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)一致，可以省略，本題省略了“Newly-learnt words are”。

3．B。guess how“猜猜怎么樣”；what for即why“為什么”；so what“那又怎樣”，表說(shuō)話人對(duì)事情不關(guān)心；who knows“誰(shuí)知道”表說(shuō)話人對(duì)事情不關(guān)心。

4．A。本題考查祈使句的用法。祈使句后面加上and表示如果按照祈使句所說(shuō)會(huì)有什么樣的結(jié)果。

5．C。

6．A。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。因句子中的逗號(hào)且無(wú)連接詞。所以逗號(hào)后的句子是從句。關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞使用which或whom，故排除C、D選項(xiàng)。比較級(jí)前加定冠詞表示“其中較……的那個(gè)”，故A項(xiàng)正確。

7．D。本題考查連詞。分號(hào)前后兩個(gè)句子意思具有遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，故選D，moreover“再者，而且”。

8．C。本題考查從句。由句意可知空處指“任何一個(gè)人”，所以A、B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，從句缺少主語(yǔ)，故用whoever引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。

9．A本題考查從句的引導(dǎo)詞。通過(guò)上下文的詳解，后者為前者條件，且應(yīng)譯為“除非”，故選A，此處unless相當(dāng)于if not。

10．C本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。從句意中可見(jiàn)“這位專家不愿意提供建議給任何一個(gè)他認(rèn)為沒(méi)有價(jià)值的人”即anyone who，可用whoever代替，故選C。

11．A。本題考查倒裝，so+adj./adv.放于句首，引起句子部分倒裝，因此排除C、D。句中feel與couldn’t help laughing并不是一前一后發(fā)生，故feel應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

12．B。本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。句中that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾train，而空白處與句中的It is構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，故應(yīng)填that。

13．B。本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作have的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句中have意思是“有”，接賓補(bǔ)時(shí)用不定式to do。從第一句話可知“你有沒(méi)有更多東西要打印呀，先生?”故選B。

14．A。該句可看作為省略If you的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，主句需用將來(lái)時(shí)。

15．C。此題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句中unless后相當(dāng)于省略了it is，it指代光束，與make構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選C。A項(xiàng)表正在被，B項(xiàng)表將要被，D項(xiàng)表主動(dòng)，不能選。