1. clothes, cloth, clothing
　clothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)， cloth指布，為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of

2. incident, accident
　incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.

3. amount, number
　amount后接不可數(shù)名詞， number后接可數(shù)名詞 a number of students

4. family, house, home
　home 家，包括住處和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成員. My family is a happy one.

5. sound, voice, noise
　sound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.

6. photo, picture, drawing
　photo用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片，picture可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing畫的畫 Let‘s go and see a good picture.

7. vocabulary, word
　vocabulary詞匯，一個(gè)人擁有的單詞量，word具體的單詞He has a large vocabulary.

8. population, people
　population人口，人數(shù)，people具體的人 China has a large population.

9. weather, climate
　weather一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，climate長(zhǎng)期的氣候狀況 The climate here is not good for you.

10. road, street, path, way
　road具體的公路，馬路，street街道，path小路，小徑，way道路，途徑
　take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.

11. course, subject
　course課程（可包括多門科目），subject科目（具體的學(xué)科）a summer course

12. custom, habit
　custom傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接to do， habit生活習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然，后接of doing. I‘ve got the habit of drinking a lot.

13. cause, reason
　cause 指造成某一事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late

14. exercise, exercises, practice
　exercise運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉（不可數(shù)），exercises練習(xí)（可數(shù)），practice（反復(fù)做的）練習(xí) Practice makes perfect.

15. class, lesson
　作"課"解時(shí),兩者可以替換.指課文用lesson. 指班級(jí)或全體學(xué)生用class. lesson 6; class 5

16. speech, talk, lecture
　speech指在公共場(chǎng)所所做的經(jīng)過準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說，talk日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture學(xué)術(shù)性的演講，講課 a series of lecture on…

17. officer, official
　officer部隊(duì)的軍官，official政府官員 an army officer

18. work, job
　二者均指工作。work不可數(shù)，job可數(shù) a good job

19. couple, pair
　couple主要指人或動(dòng)物，pair多指由兩部分組成的東西 a pair of trousers

20. country, nation, state, land
　country側(cè)重指版圖，疆域，nation指人民，國(guó)民，民族，state側(cè)重指政府，政體，land國(guó)土，國(guó)家 The whole nation was sad at the news.

21. cook, cooker
　cook廚師，cooker廚具 He is a good cook.

22. damage, damages
　damage不可數(shù)名詞, 損害，損失; damages復(fù)數(shù)形式, 賠償金 $900 damages

23. police, policeman
　police警察的總稱，后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，policeman 指某個(gè)具體的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house.

24. problem, question
　problem常和困難連系，前面的動(dòng)詞常為think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問連系，多和ask, answer連用

25. man, a man
　man人類，a man一個(gè)男人 Man will conquer nature.

26. chick, chicken
　二者均可指小雞，chicken還可以當(dāng)雞肉 The chicken is delicious.

27. telegram, telegraph
　當(dāng)電報(bào)解時(shí)，telegram指具體的，telegraph指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph

28. trip, journey, travel, voyage
　travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍長(zhǎng)的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip

29. sport, game
　sport多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動(dòng)，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等；game指決定勝負(fù)的游戲，通常有一套規(guī)則 His favorite sport is swimming.

30. price, prize
　price價(jià)格，prize獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金 win the first prize The price is high/low.

31. a number of, the number of
　a number of許多，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。the number of…的數(shù)目，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。The number of students is increasing.

32. in front of, in the front of
　in front of范圍外的前面，in the front of范圍內(nèi)的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.

33. of the day, of a day
　of the day每一天的，當(dāng)時(shí)的，當(dāng)代的， of a day暫時(shí)的，不長(zhǎng)久的 a famous scientist of the day

34. three of us, the three of us
　three of us我們（不止三個(gè)）中的三個(gè)，the three of us我們?nèi)齻€(gè)（就三個(gè)人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.

35. by bus, on the bus
　by bus表手段，方式，不用冠詞，on the bus表范圍 They went there by bus.

36. for a moment, for the moment
　for a moment 片刻，一會(huì)兒，for the moment暫時(shí)，一時(shí) Thinking for a moment, he agreed.

37. next year, the next year
　next year將來時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，the next year過去將來時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) He said he would go abroad the next year.

38. more than a year, more than one year
　more than a year一年多，more than one year超過一年（兩年或三年等）

39. take advice, take the(one‘s) advice
　take advice征求意見，take the advice接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.

40. take air, take the air
　take air傳播，走漏，take the air到戶外去，散步 We take the air every day.

41. in a word, in words
　in a word總之，一句話， in words口頭上 In a word, you are right.

42. in place of, in the place of
　in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.

43. in secret, in the secret
　in secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語(yǔ)；in the secret知道內(nèi)情，知道秘密，一般用作表語(yǔ) My mother was in the secret from the beginning.

44. a girl, one girl
　a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一個(gè)女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box?

45. take a chair, take the chair
　take a chair相當(dāng)于sit down坐下，take the chair開始開會(huì)

46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea
　go to sea當(dāng)海員，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea在海邊 go by sea

47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher
　the doctor and teacher指一個(gè)人，既是醫(yī)生又是老師，the doctor and the teacher兩個(gè)人，一個(gè)醫(yī)生和一個(gè)老師 the doctor and teacher is

48. in office, in the office
　in office在職的，in the office在辦公室里 He is in office, not out of office.

49. in bed, on the bed
　in bed臥在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.

50. in charge of, in the charge of
　in charge of管理，負(fù)責(zé)照料， in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.

51. in class, in the class
　in class在課上，in the class在班級(jí)里 He is the best student in the class.

52. on fire, on the fire
　on fire著火,on the fire在火上 Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.

53. out of question, out of the question
　out of question毫無疑問的，out of the question不可能的

54. a second, the second
　a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.

55. by day, by the day
　by day白天，by the day按天計(jì)算 The workers are paid by the day.

56. the people, a people
　the people指人，a people指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.

57. it, one
　it同一物體，one同類不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.

58. that, this
　that指代上文所提到的，this導(dǎo)出下文所要說的 I was ill. That‘s why…

59. none, nothing, no one
　none強(qiáng)調(diào)有多少，nothing, no one強(qiáng)調(diào)有沒有，nothing指物，no one指人
　--- How many…/How much…? --- None.

60. anyone, any one
　anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you

61. who, what
　who指姓名或關(guān)系，what指職業(yè)或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.

62. what, which
　what的選擇基礎(chǔ)是無限制的，which在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行選擇 Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?

63. other, another
　other后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，another后接名詞單數(shù) other students, another student

64. not a little, not a bit
　not a little非常，not a bit一點(diǎn)也不 I‘m not a bit tired. 我一點(diǎn)兒也不累。

65. many, much, a lot of
　many和可數(shù)名詞連用，much和不可數(shù)名詞連用，a lot of可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句 I haven‘t many books.

66. much more…than, many more…than
　much more…than后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞，many more…than后接可數(shù)名詞 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful

67. no, not
　no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water

68. no more than, not more than
　no more than相當(dāng)于only，僅僅，只有，not more than 至多，不超過

69. majority, most
　majority只能修飾可數(shù)名詞，most可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可 the majority of people

70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself
　by oneself單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的，for oneself為自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，自動(dòng)的 The door opened of itself.

71. at all, after all
　at all根本，全然, after all到底，畢竟 After all he is a child.

72. tall, high
　tall常指人或動(dòng)物，high常指物體 He is tall.

73. fast, quickly
　fast側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運(yùn)動(dòng)速度快的特點(diǎn)，quickly側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly

74. high, highly
　high具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of

75. healthy, healthful
　healthy健康的，健壯的，healthful有益于健康的 healthful exercise

76. sleeping, asleep, sleepy
　sleeping正在睡覺，asleep睡著，熟睡，只能做表語(yǔ)，sleepy困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I‘m sleepy.

77. gold, golden
　gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金魚用gold fish a gold ring

78. most, mostly
　most用于表感受的肯定句中，相當(dāng)于very，當(dāng)大部分，大多數(shù)解時(shí)是形容詞或名詞，mostly大部分,是副詞 most people, the people are mostly…

79. just, very
　just表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是副詞，作狀語(yǔ)，very表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是形容詞，用作定語(yǔ) the very man, just the man

80. wide, broad
　wide側(cè)重于一邊到另一邊的距離，broad側(cè)重于幅面的寬廣broad shoulders